MN553 Unit 7 Exam Solution Manual Solved Correctly Latest Version 2025 Rated A+
What is the drug of choice for stage A heart failure - Answers ACEs
What medication is considered in Stage A heart failure but is more expensive than ACEs - Answers ARBs
What drugs will you see in most stage B heart failure patients - Answers Beta blockers
What medications will you see in all stage b heart failure patients - Answers ACEs
What drugs will you see in Stage B heart failure patients who cannot tolerate ACEs - Answers ARBs
What medications will you see in all stage c heart failure patients (5) - Answers ACESs
BBs
Diuretics
Digoxin
Spironolactone
What medications will you see in stage D heart failure (5) - Answers Sacubitril
Valsartan (Entresto)
ACEs
ARBs
Inotropes: dobutamine
,Ventricular assisting devices
Transplantation
Hospice
Pharmacodynamics of ACEs - Answers Inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) which results in
decreased production of both angiotensin II and aldosterone
What are the special characteristics of ACEs - Answers Can lower vascular resistance without decreasing
cardiac output (CO) or glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Does not produce reflex tachycardia
Uses for ACEs - Answers Strong evidence for CV and cerebrovascular risk reduction, heart failure, and
slowing renal disease
Outcomes of ACEs on the heart - Answers Improves oxygenation to heart muscle, decreases
inappropriate remodeling of heart muscle after MI or with HF, reduces effects of diabetes on the kidneys
Outcomes of ACEs on insulin - Answers Improves insulin sensitivity, does not affect glucose metabolism
or raise serum lipid levels
Outcomes of ACEs in patients with angina - Answers Prevents formation of AT II and decreases
pulmonary vascular resistance by decreasing retention of sodium and water and reducing extracellular
fluid and preload
Outcomes of ACEs in patients with diabetes - Answers Prevents slow nephropathy
Outcomes of ACEs in patients after an MI and HF - Answers Promotes ventricular remodeling
True or false
ACEs are equally effective in all races - Answers False
Not as effective in African Americans
How do you increase the effects of ACEs in the African American population - Answers Combine with a
diuretic
,What is the biggest risk with ACEs in AA and Asian populations - Answers 3-4 times greater risk of
angioedema
ACE ADRs - Answers Dry cough (bradykinin mediated)
Hypotension
Loss of taste
Angioedema
Blood dycrasias
Teratogenicity
Hyperkalemia
Acute renal failure
Cholestatic jaundice
Pancreatitis
Rash
ACE monitoring - Answers Possible orthostasis within 1 hour of administration when starting and with
each dosage change
ACE patient education - Answers Do not double dose if one is missed
, Hypotension
Cough is common with the older generation
Angiotensin II Receptor blocker MOA - Answers Prevent the binding of AT II to receptors in the kidneys,
brain, heart, and arterial walls
Inhibit the renin-angiotension aldosterone system (RAAS) and cause fall in peripheral resistance
Can you use AT II receptor blockers in kidney disease and HF - Answers Yes until late stage, but not all
forms are renal protective like ACEs
What are the benefits of AT II receptor blockers - Answers No bradykinin-mediated cough like ACEs
What are considered alternatives for patients who cannot tolerate ACEs or become resistant - Answers
ARBs
What medication will you see ARBs combined with - Answers Hydrochlorothiazide
ARB ADRs - Answers Similar to ACEs without the cough (typically)
ARB monitoring - Answers Similar to ACE
Orthostasis with dose changes
ARB patient education - Answers Do not double doses
Watch for hypotension
Example of a direct renin inhibitor - Answers Alsikiren (Tekturna)
Tekturna MOA - Answers Works on the RAAS
Inhibits renin release (stops)
Tekturna uses - Answers HTN
What is the drug of choice for stage A heart failure - Answers ACEs
What medication is considered in Stage A heart failure but is more expensive than ACEs - Answers ARBs
What drugs will you see in most stage B heart failure patients - Answers Beta blockers
What medications will you see in all stage b heart failure patients - Answers ACEs
What drugs will you see in Stage B heart failure patients who cannot tolerate ACEs - Answers ARBs
What medications will you see in all stage c heart failure patients (5) - Answers ACESs
BBs
Diuretics
Digoxin
Spironolactone
What medications will you see in stage D heart failure (5) - Answers Sacubitril
Valsartan (Entresto)
ACEs
ARBs
Inotropes: dobutamine
,Ventricular assisting devices
Transplantation
Hospice
Pharmacodynamics of ACEs - Answers Inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) which results in
decreased production of both angiotensin II and aldosterone
What are the special characteristics of ACEs - Answers Can lower vascular resistance without decreasing
cardiac output (CO) or glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
Does not produce reflex tachycardia
Uses for ACEs - Answers Strong evidence for CV and cerebrovascular risk reduction, heart failure, and
slowing renal disease
Outcomes of ACEs on the heart - Answers Improves oxygenation to heart muscle, decreases
inappropriate remodeling of heart muscle after MI or with HF, reduces effects of diabetes on the kidneys
Outcomes of ACEs on insulin - Answers Improves insulin sensitivity, does not affect glucose metabolism
or raise serum lipid levels
Outcomes of ACEs in patients with angina - Answers Prevents formation of AT II and decreases
pulmonary vascular resistance by decreasing retention of sodium and water and reducing extracellular
fluid and preload
Outcomes of ACEs in patients with diabetes - Answers Prevents slow nephropathy
Outcomes of ACEs in patients after an MI and HF - Answers Promotes ventricular remodeling
True or false
ACEs are equally effective in all races - Answers False
Not as effective in African Americans
How do you increase the effects of ACEs in the African American population - Answers Combine with a
diuretic
,What is the biggest risk with ACEs in AA and Asian populations - Answers 3-4 times greater risk of
angioedema
ACE ADRs - Answers Dry cough (bradykinin mediated)
Hypotension
Loss of taste
Angioedema
Blood dycrasias
Teratogenicity
Hyperkalemia
Acute renal failure
Cholestatic jaundice
Pancreatitis
Rash
ACE monitoring - Answers Possible orthostasis within 1 hour of administration when starting and with
each dosage change
ACE patient education - Answers Do not double dose if one is missed
, Hypotension
Cough is common with the older generation
Angiotensin II Receptor blocker MOA - Answers Prevent the binding of AT II to receptors in the kidneys,
brain, heart, and arterial walls
Inhibit the renin-angiotension aldosterone system (RAAS) and cause fall in peripheral resistance
Can you use AT II receptor blockers in kidney disease and HF - Answers Yes until late stage, but not all
forms are renal protective like ACEs
What are the benefits of AT II receptor blockers - Answers No bradykinin-mediated cough like ACEs
What are considered alternatives for patients who cannot tolerate ACEs or become resistant - Answers
ARBs
What medication will you see ARBs combined with - Answers Hydrochlorothiazide
ARB ADRs - Answers Similar to ACEs without the cough (typically)
ARB monitoring - Answers Similar to ACE
Orthostasis with dose changes
ARB patient education - Answers Do not double doses
Watch for hypotension
Example of a direct renin inhibitor - Answers Alsikiren (Tekturna)
Tekturna MOA - Answers Works on the RAAS
Inhibits renin release (stops)
Tekturna uses - Answers HTN
