INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGYl l
by
Dr.lRonlJ.lHammondlSMAS
HWORDSlEDITION
*l*l*l*l*
PUBLISHEDlBY:
Dr.lRonlJ.lHammondlandlDr.lPaullCheneylonlSmashwords
IntroductionltolSociologylCopyright
l ©l2010lbylDr.lRonlJ.lHammond
ThislbooklislbeinglreleasedlunderlalCreativelCommonslLicenseloflAttributionl(BY).lThislme
anslthatlyoularelfreeltoluselthelmaterialslcontainedlinlthislworklforlanylpurposelasllonglaslcred
itlislgivenltolthelauthors.l Morelfreelbookslavailablelatlfreebooks.uvu.edu.
Table of Contents
l l
Chapterl01lHistoryl&lIntroductionlChap
terl02lSociologicallImaginationlChapterl
03lSociallTheories
Chapterl04lScientificlSociologylChapterl
05lCulture
Chapterl06lSocializationlChapter
07lSocietylandlGroupslChapterl0
l
8lDeviancel&lCrimelChapterl09lS
tratificationlChapterl10lSexlandl
GenderlChapterl11lRacelandlMin
oritylChapterl12lAging
Chapterl13lFamily
Chapterl14lEducation
Chapterl15lReligion
Chapterl16lMedia
,Chapterl17lPopulation
Chapterl18lUrbanizationlChapterl
19lCollectivelBehaviors
Chapterl20lRapel&lSexuallAssault
*l*l*l*l*
Chapter 01 - History and Introduction
l l l l l
This New Science of Societies: Sociology
l l l l l
Sociologylislalrelativelylnewldisciplinelinlcomparisonltolchemistry,lmath,lbiology,lphilosop
hylandlotherldisciplineslthatltracelbacklthousandsloflyears.lSociologylbeganlaslanlintellectual
/philosophicalleffortlbylalFrenchlmanlnamedlAugustelComtel(bornl1798landldiedl1857).lHel
islconsideredlthelfounderloflsociologylandlcoinedl"Sociology."lComte'slDefinitionloflSociol
ogylislthelscienceloflsociety.lInlhislobservationlComtelbelievedlthatlsociety'slknowledgelpas
sedlthroughl3lstageslwhichlhelobservedlinlFrance.lHisllifelcamelinlwhatlhelcalledlthelpositivis
mlstagel(science-based).lPositivismlislthelobjectivelandlvalue-
freelobservation,lcomparison,landlexperimentationlappliedltolscientificlinquiry.lPositivisml
waslComte'slwaylofldescribinglthelsciencelneededlforlsociologyltoltakeslitslplacelamonglthel
otherlscientificldisciplines.
Hislcorelwork,l"ThelPositivelPhilosophyloflAugustelComte"lwasltranslatedlbylalBritish-
lbornlphilosopherlnamedlHarrietlMartineaul(1802-
1876).lShelliterallylclarifiedlComte'sloriginallwritinglaslshelcondensedlitlintolalconciselEngli
shllanguagelversion.lThislexpandedlthelinterestlinlsociologyltolincludelEnglishlspeakers.lMar
tineaulheldlvaluesl thatlarelcommonltodaylbutlwerelwaylbeforelherltime.lShelopposedloppressi
on,lespeciallyloflwomenlandlBlacklslaveslinlthelUS.lHerlownlworklaboutlsocietylwhichlfirstla
ddressedlthis,lSocietylInlAmericalhaslbeenlscannedlandlislfreel(publicldomain)ltolreadlatlhttp:
//books.google.co.uk/books?id=AfT2MxEbcjQC&dq=Martineau+
%22Society+in+America%22&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0l .
Whyldidlthinkerslofltheldaylfindlalneedlforlalnewlscienceloflsociology?lSocietieslhadlchangeli
nlunprecedentedlwayslandlhadlformedlalnewlcollectiveloflsociallcomplexitieslthatlthelworldlh
adlneverlwitnessedlbefore.lWesternlEuropelwasltransformedlbylthelIndustriallRevolution,lalte
chnologicalldevelopmentloflknowledgelandlmanufacturinglthatlbeganlinlthellatel1600slandlco
ntinuedluntillthelearlyl1900s.lThelIndustriallRevolutionltransformedlsocietylatleveryllevel.lLo
oklatlTablel1lbelowltolseelprelandlpost-
IndustriallRevolutionlsociallpatternslandlhowldifferentltheylwere.
,PriorltolthelIndustriallRevolution,lfamiliesllivedlonlsmallerlfarmslandleverylablelmemberloflth
elfamilyldidlworkltolsupportlandlsustainlthelfamilyleconomy.lTownslwerelsmalllandlverylsimil
arl(homogamy)landlfamilieslwerellargel(morelchildren=morelworkers).lTherelwaslallowerlsta
ndardlofllivinglandlbecauseloflpoorlsanitationlpeopleldiedlearlier.
AfterlthelIndustriallRevolution,lfarmlworklwaslreplacedlbylfactorylwork.lMenlleftltheirlhome
slandlbecamelbreadwinnerslearninglmoneyltolbuylmanyloflthelgoodslthatlusedltolbelmadelbylh
andlatlhomel(orlbarteredlforlbyltradinglone'slownlhomemadelgoodslwithlanother's).lWomenlb
ecamelthelsupervisorsloflhomelwork.lMuchlwaslstillldonelbylfamiliesltoldevelopltheirlownlho
melgoodslwhilelmanylwomenlandlchildrenlalsolwentltolthelfactoriesltolwork.lCitieslbecamella
rgerlandlmoreldiversel(heterogamy).lFamilieslbecamelsmallerl(lesslfarmlworklrequiredlfewer
lchildren).lEventually,lstandardslofllivinglincreasedlandldeathlratesldeclined.
Itlislimportantltolnotelthelvalueloflwomen'slworklbeforelandlafterlthelIndustriallRevolution.l
Hardlworklwaslthelnormlandlstilllisltodaylforlmostlwomen.lHomemakinglincludedlmuchlun
paidlwork.lForlexample,lmyl93lyearloldlGrannylislanlexampleloflthis.lShelworkedlhardlherlen
tirellifelbothlinlalcottonlfactorylandlatlhomelraisinglherlchildren,lgrand-
children,landlatltimeslgreatlgrand-
children.lWhenlIlwaslalboy,lsheltaughtlmelhowltolmakellyelsoaplbylsavinglthelfatlfromlanima
lsltheylate.lShe'dltakelalmetallbucketlandlpokedlholeslinlthelbottomloflit.lThenlshelburnedltwi
gslandlsmalllbranchesluntillalpileloflasheslbuiltluplinlthelbottomloflthelbucket.lAfterlthatlshelfi
lteredlwaterlfromlthelwelllthroughlthelasheslandlcollectedlthellyelwaterlrunofflinlalcan.lShelh
eatedlthelanimallfatlandlmixedlitlinlthellyelwaterlfromlthelcan.lWhenlitlcooled,litlwaslcutluplan
dlusedlasllyelsoap.lThey'dlalsoltakelthatllyelwaterlrunofflandlsoakldriedlwhitelcornlinlit.lThelc
ornlkernellshellslwouldlbecomellooselandlsliplofflafterlbeinglsoaked.lThey'dlrinselthislandlus
elitlforlhominy.lOrlgrindlitluplandlmakelgritslfromlit.lWe'llltalklmorelaboutlwomenlandlworkli
nlChapterl10.
Theselprelandlpost-
industriallchangeslimpactedlallloflWesternlcivilizationlbecauselthelIndustriallRevolutionlhitl
alllofltheselcountrieslaboutlthelsamelway:lWesternlEurope,lUnitedlStates,lCanada,landllaterlJ
apanlandlAustralia.lThelIndustriallRevolutionlbroughtlsomelratherlseverelsociallconditionsl
whichlincluded:ldeplorablelcityllivinglconditions;lcrowding;lcrime;lextensivelpoverty;linad
equatelwaterlandlsewage;learlyldeath,lfrequentlaccidents,landlhighlillnesslrates.lThelnewlsoci
allproblemslrequiredlalnewlsciencelthatlwasluniquelfromlanylscientificldisciplinesloflthelday.l
Comtelwantedlalstronglscientific
, basislforlsociology,lbutlbecauseloflvariousldistractionslhelneverlquitelestablishedlit.
Core Founders of Sociology
l l l
EmilelDurkheiml(1858-
1917)lwaslthelfirstltoltakelalpositionlinlaluniversitylandlbecauseloflthelscientificljournallheledit
ed,lL'AnnŽelSociologiquel(thelsociologicallyear)landlhislscientificlwork,lhelwaslableltolhelpl
sociologyltolbecomelpartloflhigherleducation'slacademiclculture.lHelwaslalsolFrenchlandltoo
klthelfirstlpositionlatlaluniversitylaslalsociologylprofessor.
DurkheimldiscussedlSociallFacts,lalphenomenalwithinlsocietylthatltypicallylexistslindepend
entloflindividuallchoiceslandlactions.lDurkheimlapproachedlalsubjectlthatlmostlthoughtloflasl
beinglexclusivelylindividualisticlinlnature-
suicide.lBut,lheldefinedlsuicidelfromlalsociallfactlperspectivelwhichlhelpedlhimltolestablishlt
heluniquelwisdomloflsociologicallanalysis.
TolDurkheim,lindividuallpeopleldon'tlcauselsuicide,lsuicidelislalsociallfactlthatlsomelmembe
rsloflsocietylparticipatelinlforlvariouslsociallreason.lDurkheimlstudiedlsuicidelamonglcatego
riesloflpeoplelinlvariouslcontextslinlWesternlEurope.lHelfoundl4ldistinctltypesloflsuicidelthatl
occurlaslsociallfactslandlthatlcouldlbelcollectivelylremediedlbyladjustinglsociallprocesses.lB
eforelwelexplainlthesellet'sllooklatl2lcorelsociologicallconcepts.
SociallIntegrationlisltheldegreeltolwhichlpeoplelarelconnectedltoltheirlsociallgroups.lLet'slchec
klyourlownlpersonalldegreeloflsociallintegration.lOnlalpieceloflpaperlrightldownlhowlmanylcl
oselfamilylmemberslyoulhave.lThenladdlinlhowlmanylcloselfriendslandlcoworkerslyoulhave.l
Finallyladdlinlalllotherslwhoselnamelyoulknowlandltheylknowlyours.lThislnumberlislonelmeas
ureloflyourlsociallintegration.lBut,ltolreallylgetlanlidealyoulmightlevaluateltheselrelationships.l
Inlotherlwordsllistlyourltopl6lclosestlrelationshipslinlorder.lMakelalshortllistloflthel6lclosestlrel
ationshipslyoulhave.lNow,lrankl1lforlthelclosest,l2lforlnextlclosestlandlsolonlupltol6th.lDurkhei
mlrealizedlfromlhislsuicidelstudieslthatlthelcloserlwelareltolothers,lthelmorelsociallylintegrated
lwelarelandlthellessllikelyl welareltolcommitlsuicide.lThelsecondlconceptltolunderstandlislcalled
lanomie.
Anomielislalstateloflrelativelnormlessnesslthatlcomeslfromltheldisintegrationloflourlroutinesla
ndlregulations.lAnomielislcommonlwhenlwelgolthroughlsuddenlchangeslinlourlliveslorlwhenl
wellivelinllargerlcities.lSuddenlchangeslbringlstresslandlfrustration.lTolillustratelthis,lIloftenlte
lllmylstudentsltolrememberlhowltheylfeltltheldaylafterlhighlschoollgraduation.lTheylwalklforlg
raduationlthenlwakeluplthelnextlmorninglwithlverylfewldemandslonltheirltimelandlenergies.lT
hislsuddenlshiftlinldemandslfromlverylintenseltolalmostlabsent,lleadslmanyltolfeellextremelylf
rustratedlandllost.lAddltolthatltheylarelnowladultslandlnollongerlstudentsl(children)landlyoulge
tlalprimelformulalforlanomiel(rolelshiftl+lvaguelexpectationslaboutlwhatlislexpectedl+lsuddenl
change=anomie).
Oneloflmylcollegelstudentsltoldlmelthatlatlthelendlofllastlsemesterlshelhadl4lfinals,lonelpaper,lt
wolpresentations,landlonellablprojectlalllduelinlthellastl5ldaysloflclass.lShelfinishedlitlall,lpacke
d,landlmovedlbacklhome.lThelfirstlmorninglshelwokeluplatlhomelshelgotloutlherlplannerlandlre
alizedlthatlalllshelhadltoldolthatlday,linlotherlwordslallltheldemandslplacedluponlherlwereltoleatl
andlshower.lShelwaslnotlalfull-
timeluniversitylstudentlforlnowlandlwaslbetweenlsignificantlroles.l"Itltooklalweekltolgetlmyllif
elback
by
Dr.lRonlJ.lHammondlSMAS
HWORDSlEDITION
*l*l*l*l*
PUBLISHEDlBY:
Dr.lRonlJ.lHammondlandlDr.lPaullCheneylonlSmashwords
IntroductionltolSociologylCopyright
l ©l2010lbylDr.lRonlJ.lHammond
ThislbooklislbeinglreleasedlunderlalCreativelCommonslLicenseloflAttributionl(BY).lThislme
anslthatlyoularelfreeltoluselthelmaterialslcontainedlinlthislworklforlanylpurposelasllonglaslcred
itlislgivenltolthelauthors.l Morelfreelbookslavailablelatlfreebooks.uvu.edu.
Table of Contents
l l
Chapterl01lHistoryl&lIntroductionlChap
terl02lSociologicallImaginationlChapterl
03lSociallTheories
Chapterl04lScientificlSociologylChapterl
05lCulture
Chapterl06lSocializationlChapter
07lSocietylandlGroupslChapterl0
l
8lDeviancel&lCrimelChapterl09lS
tratificationlChapterl10lSexlandl
GenderlChapterl11lRacelandlMin
oritylChapterl12lAging
Chapterl13lFamily
Chapterl14lEducation
Chapterl15lReligion
Chapterl16lMedia
,Chapterl17lPopulation
Chapterl18lUrbanizationlChapterl
19lCollectivelBehaviors
Chapterl20lRapel&lSexuallAssault
*l*l*l*l*
Chapter 01 - History and Introduction
l l l l l
This New Science of Societies: Sociology
l l l l l
Sociologylislalrelativelylnewldisciplinelinlcomparisonltolchemistry,lmath,lbiology,lphilosop
hylandlotherldisciplineslthatltracelbacklthousandsloflyears.lSociologylbeganlaslanlintellectual
/philosophicalleffortlbylalFrenchlmanlnamedlAugustelComtel(bornl1798landldiedl1857).lHel
islconsideredlthelfounderloflsociologylandlcoinedl"Sociology."lComte'slDefinitionloflSociol
ogylislthelscienceloflsociety.lInlhislobservationlComtelbelievedlthatlsociety'slknowledgelpas
sedlthroughl3lstageslwhichlhelobservedlinlFrance.lHisllifelcamelinlwhatlhelcalledlthelpositivis
mlstagel(science-based).lPositivismlislthelobjectivelandlvalue-
freelobservation,lcomparison,landlexperimentationlappliedltolscientificlinquiry.lPositivisml
waslComte'slwaylofldescribinglthelsciencelneededlforlsociologyltoltakeslitslplacelamonglthel
otherlscientificldisciplines.
Hislcorelwork,l"ThelPositivelPhilosophyloflAugustelComte"lwasltranslatedlbylalBritish-
lbornlphilosopherlnamedlHarrietlMartineaul(1802-
1876).lShelliterallylclarifiedlComte'sloriginallwritinglaslshelcondensedlitlintolalconciselEngli
shllanguagelversion.lThislexpandedlthelinterestlinlsociologyltolincludelEnglishlspeakers.lMar
tineaulheldlvaluesl thatlarelcommonltodaylbutlwerelwaylbeforelherltime.lShelopposedloppressi
on,lespeciallyloflwomenlandlBlacklslaveslinlthelUS.lHerlownlworklaboutlsocietylwhichlfirstla
ddressedlthis,lSocietylInlAmericalhaslbeenlscannedlandlislfreel(publicldomain)ltolreadlatlhttp:
//books.google.co.uk/books?id=AfT2MxEbcjQC&dq=Martineau+
%22Society+in+America%22&source=gbs_summary_s&cad=0l .
Whyldidlthinkerslofltheldaylfindlalneedlforlalnewlscienceloflsociology?lSocietieslhadlchangeli
nlunprecedentedlwayslandlhadlformedlalnewlcollectiveloflsociallcomplexitieslthatlthelworldlh
adlneverlwitnessedlbefore.lWesternlEuropelwasltransformedlbylthelIndustriallRevolution,lalte
chnologicalldevelopmentloflknowledgelandlmanufacturinglthatlbeganlinlthellatel1600slandlco
ntinuedluntillthelearlyl1900s.lThelIndustriallRevolutionltransformedlsocietylatleveryllevel.lLo
oklatlTablel1lbelowltolseelprelandlpost-
IndustriallRevolutionlsociallpatternslandlhowldifferentltheylwere.
,PriorltolthelIndustriallRevolution,lfamiliesllivedlonlsmallerlfarmslandleverylablelmemberloflth
elfamilyldidlworkltolsupportlandlsustainlthelfamilyleconomy.lTownslwerelsmalllandlverylsimil
arl(homogamy)landlfamilieslwerellargel(morelchildren=morelworkers).lTherelwaslallowerlsta
ndardlofllivinglandlbecauseloflpoorlsanitationlpeopleldiedlearlier.
AfterlthelIndustriallRevolution,lfarmlworklwaslreplacedlbylfactorylwork.lMenlleftltheirlhome
slandlbecamelbreadwinnerslearninglmoneyltolbuylmanyloflthelgoodslthatlusedltolbelmadelbylh
andlatlhomel(orlbarteredlforlbyltradinglone'slownlhomemadelgoodslwithlanother's).lWomenlb
ecamelthelsupervisorsloflhomelwork.lMuchlwaslstillldonelbylfamiliesltoldevelopltheirlownlho
melgoodslwhilelmanylwomenlandlchildrenlalsolwentltolthelfactoriesltolwork.lCitieslbecamella
rgerlandlmoreldiversel(heterogamy).lFamilieslbecamelsmallerl(lesslfarmlworklrequiredlfewer
lchildren).lEventually,lstandardslofllivinglincreasedlandldeathlratesldeclined.
Itlislimportantltolnotelthelvalueloflwomen'slworklbeforelandlafterlthelIndustriallRevolution.l
Hardlworklwaslthelnormlandlstilllisltodaylforlmostlwomen.lHomemakinglincludedlmuchlun
paidlwork.lForlexample,lmyl93lyearloldlGrannylislanlexampleloflthis.lShelworkedlhardlherlen
tirellifelbothlinlalcottonlfactorylandlatlhomelraisinglherlchildren,lgrand-
children,landlatltimeslgreatlgrand-
children.lWhenlIlwaslalboy,lsheltaughtlmelhowltolmakellyelsoaplbylsavinglthelfatlfromlanima
lsltheylate.lShe'dltakelalmetallbucketlandlpokedlholeslinlthelbottomloflit.lThenlshelburnedltwi
gslandlsmalllbranchesluntillalpileloflasheslbuiltluplinlthelbottomloflthelbucket.lAfterlthatlshelfi
lteredlwaterlfromlthelwelllthroughlthelasheslandlcollectedlthellyelwaterlrunofflinlalcan.lShelh
eatedlthelanimallfatlandlmixedlitlinlthellyelwaterlfromlthelcan.lWhenlitlcooled,litlwaslcutluplan
dlusedlasllyelsoap.lThey'dlalsoltakelthatllyelwaterlrunofflandlsoakldriedlwhitelcornlinlit.lThelc
ornlkernellshellslwouldlbecomellooselandlsliplofflafterlbeinglsoaked.lThey'dlrinselthislandlus
elitlforlhominy.lOrlgrindlitluplandlmakelgritslfromlit.lWe'llltalklmorelaboutlwomenlandlworkli
nlChapterl10.
Theselprelandlpost-
industriallchangeslimpactedlallloflWesternlcivilizationlbecauselthelIndustriallRevolutionlhitl
alllofltheselcountrieslaboutlthelsamelway:lWesternlEurope,lUnitedlStates,lCanada,landllaterlJ
apanlandlAustralia.lThelIndustriallRevolutionlbroughtlsomelratherlseverelsociallconditionsl
whichlincluded:ldeplorablelcityllivinglconditions;lcrowding;lcrime;lextensivelpoverty;linad
equatelwaterlandlsewage;learlyldeath,lfrequentlaccidents,landlhighlillnesslrates.lThelnewlsoci
allproblemslrequiredlalnewlsciencelthatlwasluniquelfromlanylscientificldisciplinesloflthelday.l
Comtelwantedlalstronglscientific
, basislforlsociology,lbutlbecauseloflvariousldistractionslhelneverlquitelestablishedlit.
Core Founders of Sociology
l l l
EmilelDurkheiml(1858-
1917)lwaslthelfirstltoltakelalpositionlinlaluniversitylandlbecauseloflthelscientificljournallheledit
ed,lL'AnnŽelSociologiquel(thelsociologicallyear)landlhislscientificlwork,lhelwaslableltolhelpl
sociologyltolbecomelpartloflhigherleducation'slacademiclculture.lHelwaslalsolFrenchlandltoo
klthelfirstlpositionlatlaluniversitylaslalsociologylprofessor.
DurkheimldiscussedlSociallFacts,lalphenomenalwithinlsocietylthatltypicallylexistslindepend
entloflindividuallchoiceslandlactions.lDurkheimlapproachedlalsubjectlthatlmostlthoughtloflasl
beinglexclusivelylindividualisticlinlnature-
suicide.lBut,lheldefinedlsuicidelfromlalsociallfactlperspectivelwhichlhelpedlhimltolestablishlt
heluniquelwisdomloflsociologicallanalysis.
TolDurkheim,lindividuallpeopleldon'tlcauselsuicide,lsuicidelislalsociallfactlthatlsomelmembe
rsloflsocietylparticipatelinlforlvariouslsociallreason.lDurkheimlstudiedlsuicidelamonglcatego
riesloflpeoplelinlvariouslcontextslinlWesternlEurope.lHelfoundl4ldistinctltypesloflsuicidelthatl
occurlaslsociallfactslandlthatlcouldlbelcollectivelylremediedlbyladjustinglsociallprocesses.lB
eforelwelexplainlthesellet'sllooklatl2lcorelsociologicallconcepts.
SociallIntegrationlisltheldegreeltolwhichlpeoplelarelconnectedltoltheirlsociallgroups.lLet'slchec
klyourlownlpersonalldegreeloflsociallintegration.lOnlalpieceloflpaperlrightldownlhowlmanylcl
oselfamilylmemberslyoulhave.lThenladdlinlhowlmanylcloselfriendslandlcoworkerslyoulhave.l
Finallyladdlinlalllotherslwhoselnamelyoulknowlandltheylknowlyours.lThislnumberlislonelmeas
ureloflyourlsociallintegration.lBut,ltolreallylgetlanlidealyoulmightlevaluateltheselrelationships.l
Inlotherlwordsllistlyourltopl6lclosestlrelationshipslinlorder.lMakelalshortllistloflthel6lclosestlrel
ationshipslyoulhave.lNow,lrankl1lforlthelclosest,l2lforlnextlclosestlandlsolonlupltol6th.lDurkhei
mlrealizedlfromlhislsuicidelstudieslthatlthelcloserlwelareltolothers,lthelmorelsociallylintegrated
lwelarelandlthellessllikelyl welareltolcommitlsuicide.lThelsecondlconceptltolunderstandlislcalled
lanomie.
Anomielislalstateloflrelativelnormlessnesslthatlcomeslfromltheldisintegrationloflourlroutinesla
ndlregulations.lAnomielislcommonlwhenlwelgolthroughlsuddenlchangeslinlourlliveslorlwhenl
wellivelinllargerlcities.lSuddenlchangeslbringlstresslandlfrustration.lTolillustratelthis,lIloftenlte
lllmylstudentsltolrememberlhowltheylfeltltheldaylafterlhighlschoollgraduation.lTheylwalklforlg
raduationlthenlwakeluplthelnextlmorninglwithlverylfewldemandslonltheirltimelandlenergies.lT
hislsuddenlshiftlinldemandslfromlverylintenseltolalmostlabsent,lleadslmanyltolfeellextremelylf
rustratedlandllost.lAddltolthatltheylarelnowladultslandlnollongerlstudentsl(children)landlyoulge
tlalprimelformulalforlanomiel(rolelshiftl+lvaguelexpectationslaboutlwhatlislexpectedl+lsuddenl
change=anomie).
Oneloflmylcollegelstudentsltoldlmelthatlatlthelendlofllastlsemesterlshelhadl4lfinals,lonelpaper,lt
wolpresentations,landlonellablprojectlalllduelinlthellastl5ldaysloflclass.lShelfinishedlitlall,lpacke
d,landlmovedlbacklhome.lThelfirstlmorninglshelwokeluplatlhomelshelgotloutlherlplannerlandlre
alizedlthatlalllshelhadltoldolthatlday,linlotherlwordslallltheldemandslplacedluponlherlwereltoleatl
andlshower.lShelwaslnotlalfull-
timeluniversitylstudentlforlnowlandlwaslbetweenlsignificantlroles.l"Itltooklalweekltolgetlmyllif
elback
