HESI - OB/PEDS EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Which type of visual impairment is corrected by increasing visual stimulation to the
weaker eye, by patching the stronger eye?
A. Myectopia
B. Strabismus
C. Ophritis
D. Anisometropia - Answer-B. Strabismus
Strabismus is a result of muscle imbalance or paralysis causing a deviation in the visual
axes. By patching the stronger vision eye, the outcome goal is to strengthen the
muscles of the weaker eye.
A child with cataracts has an increased risk for developing which condition?
A. Amblyopia
B. Glaucoma
C. Hyperopia
D. Myopia - Answer-A. Amblyopia
Amblyopia results when one eye does not receive sufficient stimulation. Eventually, the
brain no longer responds to visual stimuli and permanent loss of vision may occur in the
involved eye. If left untreated, cataracts in children may lead to severe and permanent
loss of vision due to amblyopia.
During a routine well-child exam, the nurse observes that a 12-month-old child is unable
to pronounce any simple words or syllables. Which possible cause should the child be
evaluated for first?
A. Brain injury
B. Hearing loss
C. Autism
D. Apraxia of speech - Answer-B. Hearing loss
Between 6 and 12 months of age, babies typically begin to communicate by babbling
simple syllables in imitation of real speech. Children who present with delayed speech
should first be tested for hearing loss, which is a common and easily identified cause of
delayed speech.
, Upon inspection, a nurse visualizes a blade of grass clipping stuck under the right upper
eyelid of a teenage client complaining of eye pain, increased tear production, and
redden sclera. What should the nurse use to remove the grass clipping?
A. Moist gauze pad
B. Dry cotton swab
C. Plastic tweezer
D. Irrigation solution - Answer-A. Moist gauze pad
A nurse should never irrigate or attempt to remove a penetrating foreign object from the
eye. Visible non-penetrating foreign objects in the eye can be removed gently with the
corner of gauze moistened with water.
A preschool-aged child presents with pain and swelling of the eye. The nurse's
assessment reveals crusting and swelling of the eyelid and purulent drainage. Which
condition should the nurse suspect?
A. Exophthalmos
B. Uveitis
C. Bacterial conjunctivitis
D. Orbital cellulitis - Answer-C. Bacterial conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis, also known as pinkeye, is an inflammation of the membrane that lines the
inner eyelids and sclerae. Bacterial conjunctivitis is characterized by pain, purulent
discharge, mild edema, and crusting of eyelids.
An eighteen-month-old is put into an isolation room for suspected mumps due to
presenting the following symptoms of parotitis, high fever, weakness and muscle aches.
Which factor should the nurse evaluate to help reduce the spread of infection?
A. History of prodromal symptoms in child
B. Documentation of immunization history
C. Family members' compliance with isolation measures
D. Evidence of mumps in child's school - Answer-C. Family members' compliance with
isolation measures
Isolation precautions must be observed in order to prevent the spread of communicable
diseases. The nurse must ensure that visiting family members adhere to the relevant
precautions.
What is the most common side effect of radiation therapy in children?
A. Fatigue
B. Nausea
C. Itching
D. Diarrhea - Answer-A. Fatigue
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Which type of visual impairment is corrected by increasing visual stimulation to the
weaker eye, by patching the stronger eye?
A. Myectopia
B. Strabismus
C. Ophritis
D. Anisometropia - Answer-B. Strabismus
Strabismus is a result of muscle imbalance or paralysis causing a deviation in the visual
axes. By patching the stronger vision eye, the outcome goal is to strengthen the
muscles of the weaker eye.
A child with cataracts has an increased risk for developing which condition?
A. Amblyopia
B. Glaucoma
C. Hyperopia
D. Myopia - Answer-A. Amblyopia
Amblyopia results when one eye does not receive sufficient stimulation. Eventually, the
brain no longer responds to visual stimuli and permanent loss of vision may occur in the
involved eye. If left untreated, cataracts in children may lead to severe and permanent
loss of vision due to amblyopia.
During a routine well-child exam, the nurse observes that a 12-month-old child is unable
to pronounce any simple words or syllables. Which possible cause should the child be
evaluated for first?
A. Brain injury
B. Hearing loss
C. Autism
D. Apraxia of speech - Answer-B. Hearing loss
Between 6 and 12 months of age, babies typically begin to communicate by babbling
simple syllables in imitation of real speech. Children who present with delayed speech
should first be tested for hearing loss, which is a common and easily identified cause of
delayed speech.
, Upon inspection, a nurse visualizes a blade of grass clipping stuck under the right upper
eyelid of a teenage client complaining of eye pain, increased tear production, and
redden sclera. What should the nurse use to remove the grass clipping?
A. Moist gauze pad
B. Dry cotton swab
C. Plastic tweezer
D. Irrigation solution - Answer-A. Moist gauze pad
A nurse should never irrigate or attempt to remove a penetrating foreign object from the
eye. Visible non-penetrating foreign objects in the eye can be removed gently with the
corner of gauze moistened with water.
A preschool-aged child presents with pain and swelling of the eye. The nurse's
assessment reveals crusting and swelling of the eyelid and purulent drainage. Which
condition should the nurse suspect?
A. Exophthalmos
B. Uveitis
C. Bacterial conjunctivitis
D. Orbital cellulitis - Answer-C. Bacterial conjunctivitis
Conjunctivitis, also known as pinkeye, is an inflammation of the membrane that lines the
inner eyelids and sclerae. Bacterial conjunctivitis is characterized by pain, purulent
discharge, mild edema, and crusting of eyelids.
An eighteen-month-old is put into an isolation room for suspected mumps due to
presenting the following symptoms of parotitis, high fever, weakness and muscle aches.
Which factor should the nurse evaluate to help reduce the spread of infection?
A. History of prodromal symptoms in child
B. Documentation of immunization history
C. Family members' compliance with isolation measures
D. Evidence of mumps in child's school - Answer-C. Family members' compliance with
isolation measures
Isolation precautions must be observed in order to prevent the spread of communicable
diseases. The nurse must ensure that visiting family members adhere to the relevant
precautions.
What is the most common side effect of radiation therapy in children?
A. Fatigue
B. Nausea
C. Itching
D. Diarrhea - Answer-A. Fatigue
