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Exam (elaborations)

Clinical strategies

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Clinical strategies Clinical strategies refer to the systematic approaches and methods used by healthcare professionals to diagnose, treat, and manage patients' health conditions effectively. These strategies can vary widely depending on the specific clinical setting, patient population, and types of conditions being treated. Here are some key components and examples of clinical strategies:

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Current Clinical Strategies

Psychiatry
2002 Edition



Rhoda K Hahn, MD
Clinical Professor
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
University of California, Irvine, College of Medicine


Lawrence J. Albers, MD
Assistant Clinical Professor
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
University of California, Irvine, College of Medicine


Christopher Reist, MD
Vice Chairman
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
University of California, Irvine, College of Medicine




Current Clinical Strategies Publishing
www.ccspublishing.com/ccs

,Digital Book and Updates
Purchasers of this book can download the digital book and updates via the
Internet at www.ccspublishing.com/ccs.




Copyright © 2002 Current Clinical Strategies Publishing. All rights reserved. This
book, or any parts thereof, may not be reproduced, photocopied or stored in an
information retrieval network without the permission of the publisher. No warranty
for errors or omissions exists, expressed or implied. Readers are advised to
consult the drug package insert and other references before using any
therapeutic agent. Current Clinical Strategies is a trademark of Current Clinical
Strategies Publishing.


Current Clinical Strategies Publishing
27071 Cabot Road
Laguna Hills, California 92653-7011
Phone: 800-331-8227
Internet: www.ccspublishing.com/ccs
E-mail:

Printed in USA ISBN 1929622-02-3

,Table of Contents
Assessment and Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Clinical Evaluation of the Psychiatric Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Admitting Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Schizophrenia Admitting Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Bipolar I Disorder Admitting Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Major Depression Admitting Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Alcohol Dependence Admitting Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Opiate Dependence Admitting Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Schizoaffective Disorder Admitting Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Restraint Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Restraint Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Psychiatric Progress Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Discharge Note . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Discharge Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Psychological Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Psychotic Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Schizophrenia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Schizoaffective Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Schizophreniform Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Brief Psychotic Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Delusional Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Mood Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Major Depressive Episodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Manic Episodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Hypomanic Episodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Mixed Mood Episodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Major Depressive Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Dysthymic Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Bipolar I Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Bipolar II Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Cyclothymic Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Anxiety Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Generalized Anxiety Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Panic Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Social Phobia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Specific Phobia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Acute Stress Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Personality Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
General Characteristics of Personality Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Paranoid Personality Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Schizoid Personality Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Schizotypal Personality Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Antisocial Personality Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Borderline Personality Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Histrionic Personality Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Narcissistic Personality Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

, Avoidant Personality Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Dependent Personality Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Somatoform and Factitious Disorders
........................................................ 63
Somatization Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Conversion Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Conversion Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Hypochondriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Body Dysmorphic Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Factitious Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Sleep Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Primary Insomnia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Primary Hypersomnia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Narcolepsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Breathing-Related Sleep Disorder (Sleep Apnea) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Dyssomnias Not Otherwise Specified . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Substance Abuse Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Substance-Related Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Specific Substance-Related Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Cognitive Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Delirium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Dementia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Mental Disorders Due to a Medical Condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Eating Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Anorexia Nervosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Bulimia Nervosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
........................................................ 97

Psychiatric Drug Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Antipsychotic Drug Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Antidepressants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Mood Stabilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Antianxiety Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Electroconvulsive Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Selected DSM-IV Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

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