Test Bank for 21st Century Astronomy 6th Edition by Laura Kay and Stacy Palen All Chapters

Test Bank
21st Century Astronomy 6th Edition
by Laura Kay and Stacy Palen All Chapters

, CHAPTER 1 l




ThinkingLikeanAstronomer l l l




LEARNINGlOBJECTIVES

1.1 EarthlOccupieslalSmalllPlacelinlthelUniverse
1.1 a Statelourl“cosmicladdress.”
1.1 b Expresslastronomicalldistanceslandldistancelscales.
1.1 c Explainlbasiclastronomicalltermslandlconcepts.

1.2 SciencelIslalWayloflViewinglthelUniverse
1.2 a Explainlthelscientificlusagelofltheltermslfact,lidea,lhypothesis,ltheory,landllaw.
1.2 b Distinguishlbetweenlthelcommonlmeaningslofltheltermslfact,lidea,lhypothesis,ltheory,land
law,landltheirlscientificlmeanings.
1.2 c Describelthelstepsloflthelscientificlmethod.
1.2d Assesslwhetherlalgivenlstatementlislscientific.
1.2 e Demonstratelthatlscientificlknowledgelislprovisional.
1.2 f Explainlthelsignificanceloflthelcosmologicallprinciple.
1.2 g EvaluatelcompetinglhypotheseslusinglOccam’slrazor.

1.3 AstronomerslUselMathematicsltolFindlPatterns
1.3 a Identifylpatternslinlnature.
1.3 b Explainlhowlnaturallpatternslimplylunderlyinglphysicalllaws.

WorkinglitlOutl1.1lMathematicallTools
WorkinglItlOutl1.1alExpresslnumberslinlscientificlandlstandardlnotation.lWorkinglItlO
utl1.1blDescribelthelphysicallpropertiesloflobjectslusinglratios.
WorkinglItlOutl1.1clPredictlthelchangelinlproportionallquantitieslwithlrespectltoleachlother.

WorkinglitlOutl1.2lReadinglalGraph
WorkinglItlOutl1.2alIdentifylthelmajorlfeaturesloflalgraph:lx-axis,ly-axis,lxlscale,lylscale,ldatalpoints,lslope.
WorkinglItlOutl1.2blAssessldifferentlcurveslonlalgraph.
WorkinglItlOutl1.2clDemonstratelthelabilityltolreadldatalfromlalgraph.

Originsl1lAnlIntroduction
Originsl1alExplainlthelgoalslandlscopeloflthelfieldloflastrobiology.

,MULTIPLElCHOICE

1. ThelSunlisla
a. supercluster. d. star.
b. moon. e. planet.
c. galaxy.

ANS:l l D DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1alStatelourl“cosmicladdress.” MSC:l Remembering

2. ThelnumberloflplanetslinlourlSolarlSystemlis
a. six. d. twelve.
b. eight. e. twenty.
c. nine.

ANS:l l B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1alStatelourl“cosmicladdress.” MSC:l Remembering

3. MilkylWaylislthelnamelof
a. ourlSolarlSystem. d. thelsuperclusterloflgalaxieslwelarelin.
b. thelgalaxylinlwhichlwellive. e. thelentireluniverse.
c. thellocallgrouploflgalaxieslwelarelin.

ANS:l l B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1alStatelourl“cosmicladdress.” MSC:l Understanding

4. Ourlgalaxylandlthelfewldozenlnearestlgalaxieslarelknownlaslthe
a. SolarlSystem. d. VirgolSupercluster.
b. MilkylWay. e. LaniakealSupercluster.
c. LocallGroup.

ANS:l l C DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1alStatelourl“cosmicladdress.” MSC:l Remembering

5. Accordingltolthelfigurelbelow,liflyoulwereltolspecifylyourladdresslinltheluniverse,llistinglyourlmembershiplfromlthelsmall
estltollargestlphysicallstructures,litlwouldlbe




a. Earth,lLocallGroup,lSolarlSystem,lAndromeda,ltheluniverse.
b. Earth,lSolarlSystem,lLocallGroup,lMilkylWay,ltheluniverse.
c. Earth,lSolarlSystem,lMilkylWay,lLocallGroup,lLaniakealSupercluster,ltheluniverse.
d. Earth,lSolarlSystem,lMilkylWay,lLaniakealSupercluster,ltheluniverse.
e. Earth,lLaniakealSupercluster,lMilkylWay,lSolarlSystem,ltheluniverse.lAN

S:l C DIF: Difficult REF: 1.1

, OBJ: 1.1alStatelourl“cosmicladdress.” MSC:l Understanding

6. ThelAndromedalGalaxylislalsolpartloflthelLocallGroup,lsolitlislalsolpartlof
a. thelSolarlSystem. d. thelVirgolSupercluster.
b. thelMilkylWay. e. darklenergy.
c. thelMoon.

ANS:l l D DIF: Difficult REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1alStatelourl“cosmicladdress.” MSC:l Understanding

7. Accordingltolthelfigurelbelow,lEarthlisllocatedlapproximately




a. atlthelcenterloflthelMilkylWay.
b. nearlthelcenterloflthelMilkylWay.
c. aboutlhalfwayloutlfromlthelcenterloflthelMilkylWay.
d. atlthelfarthestloutskirtsloflthelMilkylWay.
e. outsidelthelMilkylWay,lwhichlislwhylwelcanlseelitlaslalbandlacrosslthelnightlsky.

ANS:l l C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1blExpresslastronomicalldistanceslandldistancelscales. MSC:l l Analyzing

8. WhenlalchangeloccurslonlthelsurfaceloflthelSun,lhowllongldoeslitltakelbeforelastronomerslonlEarthlcanlseelthelchange?
a. 8lminutes d. 1lday
b. 11lhours e. Itlreachesluslinstantaneously.
c. 1lsecond

ANS:l l A DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1blExpresslastronomicalldistanceslandldistancelscales. MSC:l l Applying

9. ThelaverageldistancelbetweenlEarthlandlthelSunlisl1.5l l1011lm,landllightlfromlthelSunltakeslapproximatelyl

tolreachlEarth.
l

a. 8lseconds d. 8ldays
b. 8lminutes e. 8lyears
c. 8lhours

ANS:l l B DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1blExpresslastronomicalldistanceslandldistancelscales. MSC:l l Applying

10. Oneloflthelnearestlstars,lAlphalCentauri,lisl4.4llight-
yearslfromlEarth.lTheltimelitltakesllightltoltravellfromlAlphalCentauriltoluslis
a. 1.25lseconds. d. 600lyears.
b. 8.3lminutes. e. 2.2lmillionlyears.
c. 4.4lyears.

ANS:l l C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1blExpresslastronomicalldistanceslandldistancelscales. MSC:l l Applying

11. TheltimelitltakesllightltolcrosslNeptune’slorbitlislclosestltolwhichloflthelfollowing?
a. instantaneous
b. alsecond
c. alquicklmeal
d. alnight’slsleep
e. theltimelbetweenlpresidentiallelections

ANS:l l D DIF: Easy REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1blExpresslastronomicalldistanceslandldistancelscales. MSC:l l Analyzing