Introduction
ANSWERS07TO07REVIEW07QUESTIONS
1. Guided07missiles,07automatic07gain07control07in07radio07receivers,07satellite07tracking07antenna
2. Yes07-07power07gain,07remote07control,07parameter07conversion;07No07-07Expense,07complexity
3. Motor,07low07pass07filter,07inertia07supported07between07two07bearings
4. Closed-
loop07systems07compensate07for07disturbances07by07measuring07the07response,07comparin
g07it07to07the07input07response07(the07desired07output),07and07then07correcting07the07o
utput07response.
5. Under07the07condition07that07the07feedback07element07is07other07than07unity
6. Actuating07signal
7. Multiple07subsystems07can07time07share07the07controller.07Any07adjustments07to07th
e07controller07can07be07implemented07with07simply07software07changes.
8. Stability,07transient07response,07and07steady-state07error
9. Steady-state,07transient
10. It07follows07a07growing07transient07response07until07the07steady-
state07response07is07no07longer07visible.07The07system07will07either07destroy07itself,07reac
h07an07equilibrium07state07because07of07saturation07in07driving07amplifiers,07or07hit07limi
t07stops.
11. Transient07response
12. True
13. Transfer07function,07state-space,07differential07equations
14. Transfer07function07-07the07Laplace07transform07of07the07differential07equation
State-space07-
07representation07of07an07nth07order07differential07equation07as07n07simultaneous07first-
order07differential07equations
Differential07equation07-07Modeling07a07system07with07its07differential07equation
SOLUTIONS07TO07PROBLE
MS 5007volt
=071.59
s07507x0
1. Five07turns07yields075007v.07Ther
efore07K07= 7207rad
,20 7 Chapter071:0 7 Intr
oduction
2.
Desired0 Temperature Voltage0 Actual07temperat
Fuel07fl
7temperatur 07differenc 7differenc ure
ow
e e e
+ Amplifier07a Heater
07 Thermostat
nd07valv
- es
3.
Desired Input Error0 Aileron Roll Roll0
07roll 07volta 7voltag 07positi 07r 7angl
07ang ge e on ate e
le +
control
s -
4.
Input
Speed
Desired 07volta Actual
07Erro Motor0
07spee ge 07spe
r07volt 7and07
d transducer Amplifier ed
+ age drive
system
- Dancer
Dancer0
position07s
7dynamic
ensor
Voltage07p s
roportional
to07actual07speed
5.
Input Power Rod0
07volta 07Erro 7positio
Desired ge r07volt Motor0 n Actual
power age 7and0 07po
Transducer
+ Amplifier 7drive0 Reactor wer
7syste
-
m
Sensor07
&07transd
Voltage07p ucer
roportional
to07actual07power
, Solutions07to07Problems
073
6.
Graduating0
7and
drop-
out07rat
Desired Actual0
e
Desired Population 07stud Actual 7stude
ent Net07ra nt
te
student07popul error rate student - of07influ population
ation + rate0 7 0 7 + x
Administration Admissions Integrate
-
7.
Voltage Voltage07represent
07proportio ing
nal Volume actual07volume Actual
Desired to07desired volume
07erro
volume Volume
r Radio
volume + 07control07ci
Transducer rcuit
-
Effective
volume
+
Voltage07pr
- oportional07
to07speed
Transducer
-
Speed
, 40 7 Chapter071:0 7 Intr
oduction
8.
a.
Fluid07input
a
mplifier
+V
Differential Desired0 7
R level
-V
R
Float -V
Tank
Drain
b.
Flow07 Actual
voltage 07leve
Desired rate07
07in l
07level + in
Potentiometer Amplifiers Actuator07 + Integrate
and07valve
-
-
Drain
Flow07r
ate07ou
t
Displacement
voltage
Potentiometer Float
07out