AHA PALS ACTUAL EXAM LATEST 2024/2025 QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED
A++
Normal HR for > 10 yo: - ANSWER 60-100 bpm
Signs of compensated shock - ANSWER a. Tachycardia
b. Increased RR
c. Altered mental status
d. Change in pulses
e. Prolonged capillary refill
f. Skin color changes
g. Skin temperature
Hypovolemic/Distributive Shock-- Fluid Resuscitation - ANSWER 20 ml/kg
bolus of NS over 5-20 min
repeat boluses to restore BP/Tissue perfusion
Cardiogenic shock or Poisioning -- Fluid Resuscitation - ANSWER 5-10
ml/kg bolus of NS over 10-20 min
DKA w/ Compensated Shock -- Fluid Resuscitation - ANSWER 10-20 ml/kg
over 1 hr
Cardiogenic shock - ANSWER A state in which not enough oxygen is
delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the
heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial
infarction, as well as other conditions.
Defibrillation - ANSWER Use largest pads w/o touching
- 1st shock = 2 J/kg
- 2nd shock = 4 J/kg
- 3rd+ shock ≥ 4 J/kg
- Max = 10 J/kg or adult dose
How do you find the right ET tube size? - ANSWER 16 + age / 4
Synchronized cardioversion - ANSWER Unstable SVT or VT w/Pulse
Use largest pads w/o touching
,-1st Zap 0.5-1 J/kg
-2nd Zap 2 J/kg
Primary Assessment - ANSWER A- airway
B- Breathing
C- Circulation
D- Disability (LOC,Seizures)
E- Exposure (Hypothermia,Bleeding)
AVPU - ANSWER A- alert
V- voice
P- pain
U- unresponsive
Infant <1yr -- Norm RR - ANSWER 30-60/min
Toddler 1-3yr -- Norm RR - ANSWER 24-40/min
Preschool 4-5yr -- Norm RR - ANSWER 22-34/min
School Age 6-12yr -- Norm RR - ANSWER 18-30/min
Adolescent 13-18 -- Norm RR - ANSWER 12-16/min
Hypotension (SBP) - ANSWER Neonate 0-28day -- <60
Infant 1-12mn -- <70
Child 1-10yr -- <70+ Age in yr x2
Child >10yr -- <90
Hypoglycemia - ANSWER Neonates <45 mg/dl
Infants & Adolescents <60 mg/dl
Bradycardia -- HR <60/min -- Drugs - ANSWER Epi
0.01 mg/kg (0.1ml/kg) of 1:10000 q 3-5 min
Atropine
0.02 mg/kg Repeat 1x (min-0.1mg max-0.5mg)
Adenosine -- SVT - ANSWER 0.1 mg/kg MAX 6mg RAPID
wait... didn't convert
0.2 mg/kg MAX 12mg RAPID
,Lidocaine -- Stable VT - ANSWER 1 mg/kg Bolus
Mag Sulfate -- Torsafes or VT w/ Hypomag - ANSWER 25-50 mg/kg IV/IO
MAX 2g over 10-20 min
Faster push if in arrest
Child/Infant CPR - ANSWER 10 sec pulse check
Compression 100/min (1= 30:2) (2=15:2)
Depth 1/3 AP Diameter 1.5-2in or 4-5cm
Rotate q 2 min
Head tilt Chin Lift
Advance airway 1 breath q 6-8 sec
Shock? -- Yes! Cont CPR Immediately
Cardiac Arrest Drugs - ANSWER Epi-- 0.01 mg/kg q 3-5 min 1:10000
Amiodrone-- 5mg/kg Bolus Repeat 2x PRN
Dopamine - ANSWER 10-20 mcg/kg per min
Norepi - ANSWER 0.1-2 mpg/kg per min
Maintence Fluids - ANSWER <10kg (22lbs) 4 ml/kg per hr
10-20kg (22-44lbs) 40ml/h+2ml/kg per hr
>20kg (44+lbs) 60ml/h+1ml/kg per hr
Albuterol Neb - ANSWER <20 kg (<44lb) 2.5 mg q 20 min
>20 kg (>44lb) 5 mg q 20 min
Dextrose - ANSWER D50 1-2ml/kg
D25 2-4ml/kg
D10 5-10ml/kg
Diphenhydramine - ANSWER 1-2 mg/kg q 4-6hr MAX 50 mg
Ipratropium - ANSWER 250-500 mpg q 20 min
Narcan - ANSWER 0.1mg/kg q 2 min IV/IO/IM/SC
AEIOU-TIPS - ANSWER A Alcohol
, E Epilepsy
I Insulin
O Overdose
U Underdose
T Trauma
I Infection
P Pyschosis
S Stroke
CPR Compression to breaths pediatrics over 8y/o (single vs 2 rescuer) -
ANSWER Single & 2 rescuer 30 compressions to 2 breaths
CPR Compression to breaths pediatrics 3-8y/o (single vs 2 rescuer) -
ANSWER Single: 30 compressions to 2 breaths
2 rescuer: 15 compressions to 2 breaths
Neonate 0-3 months heart rate -ANSWER 85-205 beats per minute,
average 140
Infant 0-12 months respiratory rate -ANSWER 30-60 respirations per
minute
Neonate up to 28 days hypotensive systolic blood pressure -ANSWER less
than 60mmHg systolic
What is the target respiratory rate? -ANSWER 20 to 30 breath a minute
Why do we use cuffed ET tubes? -ANSWER To improve accuracy of
capnography increased risk of aspiration
When do we consider naloxone? -ANSWER (Narcan) in respiratory arrest
due to suspected opioid overdose
What is the fluid bolus for sepsis? -ANSWER 10-20 mL/kg
You're in public and you see a child laying on the ground. What do you do?
-ANSWER Check route for responsiveness shout for help activate EMS.
Assess for breathing and pulse taking no more than 10 seconds. Feel
break your pulse and infant, carotid or femoral pulse in child.
AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED
A++
Normal HR for > 10 yo: - ANSWER 60-100 bpm
Signs of compensated shock - ANSWER a. Tachycardia
b. Increased RR
c. Altered mental status
d. Change in pulses
e. Prolonged capillary refill
f. Skin color changes
g. Skin temperature
Hypovolemic/Distributive Shock-- Fluid Resuscitation - ANSWER 20 ml/kg
bolus of NS over 5-20 min
repeat boluses to restore BP/Tissue perfusion
Cardiogenic shock or Poisioning -- Fluid Resuscitation - ANSWER 5-10
ml/kg bolus of NS over 10-20 min
DKA w/ Compensated Shock -- Fluid Resuscitation - ANSWER 10-20 ml/kg
over 1 hr
Cardiogenic shock - ANSWER A state in which not enough oxygen is
delivered to the tissues of the body, caused by low output of blood from the
heart. It can be a severe complication of a large acute myocardial
infarction, as well as other conditions.
Defibrillation - ANSWER Use largest pads w/o touching
- 1st shock = 2 J/kg
- 2nd shock = 4 J/kg
- 3rd+ shock ≥ 4 J/kg
- Max = 10 J/kg or adult dose
How do you find the right ET tube size? - ANSWER 16 + age / 4
Synchronized cardioversion - ANSWER Unstable SVT or VT w/Pulse
Use largest pads w/o touching
,-1st Zap 0.5-1 J/kg
-2nd Zap 2 J/kg
Primary Assessment - ANSWER A- airway
B- Breathing
C- Circulation
D- Disability (LOC,Seizures)
E- Exposure (Hypothermia,Bleeding)
AVPU - ANSWER A- alert
V- voice
P- pain
U- unresponsive
Infant <1yr -- Norm RR - ANSWER 30-60/min
Toddler 1-3yr -- Norm RR - ANSWER 24-40/min
Preschool 4-5yr -- Norm RR - ANSWER 22-34/min
School Age 6-12yr -- Norm RR - ANSWER 18-30/min
Adolescent 13-18 -- Norm RR - ANSWER 12-16/min
Hypotension (SBP) - ANSWER Neonate 0-28day -- <60
Infant 1-12mn -- <70
Child 1-10yr -- <70+ Age in yr x2
Child >10yr -- <90
Hypoglycemia - ANSWER Neonates <45 mg/dl
Infants & Adolescents <60 mg/dl
Bradycardia -- HR <60/min -- Drugs - ANSWER Epi
0.01 mg/kg (0.1ml/kg) of 1:10000 q 3-5 min
Atropine
0.02 mg/kg Repeat 1x (min-0.1mg max-0.5mg)
Adenosine -- SVT - ANSWER 0.1 mg/kg MAX 6mg RAPID
wait... didn't convert
0.2 mg/kg MAX 12mg RAPID
,Lidocaine -- Stable VT - ANSWER 1 mg/kg Bolus
Mag Sulfate -- Torsafes or VT w/ Hypomag - ANSWER 25-50 mg/kg IV/IO
MAX 2g over 10-20 min
Faster push if in arrest
Child/Infant CPR - ANSWER 10 sec pulse check
Compression 100/min (1= 30:2) (2=15:2)
Depth 1/3 AP Diameter 1.5-2in or 4-5cm
Rotate q 2 min
Head tilt Chin Lift
Advance airway 1 breath q 6-8 sec
Shock? -- Yes! Cont CPR Immediately
Cardiac Arrest Drugs - ANSWER Epi-- 0.01 mg/kg q 3-5 min 1:10000
Amiodrone-- 5mg/kg Bolus Repeat 2x PRN
Dopamine - ANSWER 10-20 mcg/kg per min
Norepi - ANSWER 0.1-2 mpg/kg per min
Maintence Fluids - ANSWER <10kg (22lbs) 4 ml/kg per hr
10-20kg (22-44lbs) 40ml/h+2ml/kg per hr
>20kg (44+lbs) 60ml/h+1ml/kg per hr
Albuterol Neb - ANSWER <20 kg (<44lb) 2.5 mg q 20 min
>20 kg (>44lb) 5 mg q 20 min
Dextrose - ANSWER D50 1-2ml/kg
D25 2-4ml/kg
D10 5-10ml/kg
Diphenhydramine - ANSWER 1-2 mg/kg q 4-6hr MAX 50 mg
Ipratropium - ANSWER 250-500 mpg q 20 min
Narcan - ANSWER 0.1mg/kg q 2 min IV/IO/IM/SC
AEIOU-TIPS - ANSWER A Alcohol
, E Epilepsy
I Insulin
O Overdose
U Underdose
T Trauma
I Infection
P Pyschosis
S Stroke
CPR Compression to breaths pediatrics over 8y/o (single vs 2 rescuer) -
ANSWER Single & 2 rescuer 30 compressions to 2 breaths
CPR Compression to breaths pediatrics 3-8y/o (single vs 2 rescuer) -
ANSWER Single: 30 compressions to 2 breaths
2 rescuer: 15 compressions to 2 breaths
Neonate 0-3 months heart rate -ANSWER 85-205 beats per minute,
average 140
Infant 0-12 months respiratory rate -ANSWER 30-60 respirations per
minute
Neonate up to 28 days hypotensive systolic blood pressure -ANSWER less
than 60mmHg systolic
What is the target respiratory rate? -ANSWER 20 to 30 breath a minute
Why do we use cuffed ET tubes? -ANSWER To improve accuracy of
capnography increased risk of aspiration
When do we consider naloxone? -ANSWER (Narcan) in respiratory arrest
due to suspected opioid overdose
What is the fluid bolus for sepsis? -ANSWER 10-20 mL/kg
You're in public and you see a child laying on the ground. What do you do?
-ANSWER Check route for responsiveness shout for help activate EMS.
Assess for breathing and pulse taking no more than 10 seconds. Feel
break your pulse and infant, carotid or femoral pulse in child.
