MOVESCI 340 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE
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Wingate test
anaerobic power test to evaluate maximal rate at which glycolysis can deliver ATP
(short term energy system)
What is the common physiological indicator of the short term energy being used?
Blood lactate levels
VO2 max
the point where VO2 no longer increases w/ increasing intensity
How can you measure VO2 max?
graded exercise test (treadmill or stationary exercise bike)
Maximal oxygen consumption
the maximum rate of oxygen consumption attainable during physical exertion
Peak oxygen consumption
any peaks attained in tests that are lower than the truly maximal oxygen consumption of
the individual
Economy of movement
determined by measuring the oxygen consumption of a steady state task
Economy
relation between oxygen consumption and running velocity
Mechanical efficiency
the ratio of the external work performed divided by the energy expenditure for that task
(x100)
Efficiency
ratio between mechanical energy produced during exercise and the energy cost of the
exercise
Gross energy expenditure
all of the energy expended during exercise *includes RER
Net energy expenditure
only included the additional energy needed (above RMR requirement) in order to
accompish the exercise *excludes RER
Inspiration
ribs raise, diaphragm lowers, lung pressure decreases, air rushes in
Expiration
ribs lower, diaphragm raises, lung pressure increases, air pushes out
TV
tidal volume, 1/2 L
TLC
total lung capacity, 5 L
RV
residual volume, 1 L
Breathing rate
12 breaths/min
, Tidal Volume
0.5 L/breath
Minute ventilation
12*0.5=6 L/min
Anatomical dead space
due to airway space "prior" to alveoli
Physiologic dead space
includes alveolar space where their isnt gas transport
Ventilatory threshold
the pont where exercise intensity increases disproportionately to VO2 *occurs at the
same time as lactate threshold
How is ventilation regulated by the chemical state of blood?
Lactic acid begins to accumulate in blood, decreased pH, released CO2,
disproportionate increase in Ve
How does endurance training affect ventilation?
endurance training decreases minute ventilation at any given VO2
*increase in tidal volume and decrease in breathing rate
pH affect on oxygen dissociation curve
lower blood pH (occurs during exercise), reduced Hb affinity for O2 and enhances its
unloading to tissues, increase in CO2 in blood=decrease in pH
temp affect on oxygen dissociation curve
increase in temperature and lower blood pH (occurs during exercise) reduced Hb
affinitiy for oxygen and enhances its unloading to tissues
List the functions of the CV system
*transport nutrients, gases and waste products
*protection from infection+ blood loss
*Maintenance of constant body temperature
*Maintaining fluid balance within the body
Sinoatrial node (S-A node)
natural pacemaker
P wave
depolarization of the atria (atrial contraction)
QRS complex
depolarization of ventricles (ventricular contraction)
T wave
repolarization of ventricles (ventricular relaxation)
Effect of training on HR
Lower resting HR and at submaximal exercise intensity
*after training, you must work harder to achieve the same HR
Fick Equation
VO2= Q * aVO2diff
Central component of Fick Equation
Q (HR*SV)
Peripheral component of Fick Equation
aVO2diff
Frank Starling Mechanism
100% CORRECT A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
Wingate test
anaerobic power test to evaluate maximal rate at which glycolysis can deliver ATP
(short term energy system)
What is the common physiological indicator of the short term energy being used?
Blood lactate levels
VO2 max
the point where VO2 no longer increases w/ increasing intensity
How can you measure VO2 max?
graded exercise test (treadmill or stationary exercise bike)
Maximal oxygen consumption
the maximum rate of oxygen consumption attainable during physical exertion
Peak oxygen consumption
any peaks attained in tests that are lower than the truly maximal oxygen consumption of
the individual
Economy of movement
determined by measuring the oxygen consumption of a steady state task
Economy
relation between oxygen consumption and running velocity
Mechanical efficiency
the ratio of the external work performed divided by the energy expenditure for that task
(x100)
Efficiency
ratio between mechanical energy produced during exercise and the energy cost of the
exercise
Gross energy expenditure
all of the energy expended during exercise *includes RER
Net energy expenditure
only included the additional energy needed (above RMR requirement) in order to
accompish the exercise *excludes RER
Inspiration
ribs raise, diaphragm lowers, lung pressure decreases, air rushes in
Expiration
ribs lower, diaphragm raises, lung pressure increases, air pushes out
TV
tidal volume, 1/2 L
TLC
total lung capacity, 5 L
RV
residual volume, 1 L
Breathing rate
12 breaths/min
, Tidal Volume
0.5 L/breath
Minute ventilation
12*0.5=6 L/min
Anatomical dead space
due to airway space "prior" to alveoli
Physiologic dead space
includes alveolar space where their isnt gas transport
Ventilatory threshold
the pont where exercise intensity increases disproportionately to VO2 *occurs at the
same time as lactate threshold
How is ventilation regulated by the chemical state of blood?
Lactic acid begins to accumulate in blood, decreased pH, released CO2,
disproportionate increase in Ve
How does endurance training affect ventilation?
endurance training decreases minute ventilation at any given VO2
*increase in tidal volume and decrease in breathing rate
pH affect on oxygen dissociation curve
lower blood pH (occurs during exercise), reduced Hb affinity for O2 and enhances its
unloading to tissues, increase in CO2 in blood=decrease in pH
temp affect on oxygen dissociation curve
increase in temperature and lower blood pH (occurs during exercise) reduced Hb
affinitiy for oxygen and enhances its unloading to tissues
List the functions of the CV system
*transport nutrients, gases and waste products
*protection from infection+ blood loss
*Maintenance of constant body temperature
*Maintaining fluid balance within the body
Sinoatrial node (S-A node)
natural pacemaker
P wave
depolarization of the atria (atrial contraction)
QRS complex
depolarization of ventricles (ventricular contraction)
T wave
repolarization of ventricles (ventricular relaxation)
Effect of training on HR
Lower resting HR and at submaximal exercise intensity
*after training, you must work harder to achieve the same HR
Fick Equation
VO2= Q * aVO2diff
Central component of Fick Equation
Q (HR*SV)
Peripheral component of Fick Equation
aVO2diff
Frank Starling Mechanism
