GACE Elementary Education 001 Social Studies

Chronology - ANS ordering of dates and events in the correct sequence from oldest to most recent in order to show a historical progression Timeline - ANS shows the history of dates and events First to settle Georgia around 10,000 BC - ANS Native Americans Debatable Land - ANS The land that would eventually become Georgia was called this because it was claimed by Great Britain, France, and Spain. Who signed the Declaration of Independence from Georgia? - ANS Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, George Walton Eli Whitney (1793) - ANS Invented the cotton gin Civil Rights Act of 1964 - ANS outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin US Constitution - ANS The document written in 1787 and ratified in 1788 that sets forth the institutional structure of the U.S. government and the tasks these institutions perform. It replaced the Articles of Confederation. Founding Fathers - ANS George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, James Monroe, and Benjamin Franklin. First permanent English settlements - ANS after Christopher Columbus landed in the Carribean Columbian Exchange - ANS The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages. Samuel de Champlain - ANS French explorer in Nova Scotia who established a settlement on the site of modern Quebec () French and Indian War - ANS () War fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won. Left England in debt leading to the taxing of goods in North America Sugar Act - ANS law passed by the British Parliament setting taxes on molasses and sugar imported by the colonies Stamp Act - ANS 1765; law that taxed printed goods, including: playing cards, documents, newspapers, etc. Currency Act - ANS prohibited colonies from issuing paper money, and mandated use of gold in business dealings; destabilized colonial economy Townsend Acts 1767 - ANS Placed duties (taxes) on imported glass, lead, paint, paper and tea and made it easier for tax collectors to get writs of assistance. Eventually the conflict between the colonists and British over this Act resulted in Boston Massacre. Intolerable Acts - ANS A series of laws set up by Parliament to punish Massachusetts for its protests against the British First Continental Congress - ANS The First Continental Congress convened on September 5, 1774, to protest the Intolerable Acts. The congress endorsed the Suffolk Resolves, voted for a boycott of British imports, and sent a petition to King George III, conceding to Parliament the power of regulation of commerce but stringently objecting to its arbitrary taxation and unfair judicial system. Minutemen - ANS residents that stockpiled arms and organized militia groups to fight at any minute Olive Branch Petition - ANS On July 8, 1775, the colonies made a final offer of peace to Britain, agreeing to be loyal to the British government if it addressed their grievances (repealed the Coercive Acts, ended the taxation without representation policies). It was rejected by Parliament, which in December 1775 passed the American Prohibitory Act forbidding all further trade with the colonies. Articles of Confederation - ANS 1st Constitution of the U.S. (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade) War of 1812 - ANS A war () between the United States and England which was trying to interfere with American trade with France. Custer's Last Stand - ANS Custer pursuing Sioux indians, but underestimated their force. His whole group was killed in the Battle of Little Bighorn. McKinley Tariff - ANS 1890 tariff that raised protective tariff levels by nearly 50%, making them the highest tariffs on imports in the United States history Warsaw Pact - ANS An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to the NATO Equal Rights Amendment - ANS constitutional amendment passed by Congress but never ratified that would have banned discrimination on the basis of gender Watergate - ANS The events and scandal surrounding a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in 1972 and the subsequent cover-up of White House involvement, leading to the eventual resignation of President Nixon under the threat of impeachment.