NURS 412 Revision Exam Questions
With All Solved Solutions.
WBC range - Answer 4.0-11.0 x 10^9/L
Hemoglobin range - Answer 135-180 g/L
5 purposes of surgery - Answer 1. diagnostic - to determine what's going on
2. cure/repair
3. prevention
4. exploration - determine how extensive it is
5. cosmetic
Pre-op - Answer from when decision to do surgery is made to when pt is transferred to OR table
Intra-op - Answer from when pt transferred to OR table to when they're admitted to PACU
Post-op - Answer from admission to PACU to after follow-up evaluation
Peri-op - Answer time period including pre-, intra-, and post-op for any surgical procedure
Conditions for informed consent - Answer 1. Must have mental capacity to consent
2. Must be voluntary
3. Must be properly informed
Pre-op: Benzodiazepines - Answer Sedate
Pre-op: Anticholinergics - Answer Dry secretions
,Pre-op: Opioids - Answer Pain
Pre-op: Antiemetics - Answer N&V
Pre-op: Antacids - Answer Dry secretions
Pre-op: Eye drops - Answer Prevent dry eyes
Pre-op: Antibiotics - Answer Infection prophylaxis
Pre-op nursing interventions - Answer NPO
Clear liquid diet by midnight
Hospital gown
Braid hair, remove pins
Remove dentures, jewelry
Remove nail polish
Catheterize
Common pre-op fears - Answer 1. death
2. pain/discomfort
3. mutilation
4. anesthesia
5. disruption of life functioning
Meds to dc before surgery - Answer Antiplatelets, anticoagulants 5-7 days prior (bridge therapy)
5 risks for pts with diabetes - Answer 1. delayed healing
2. hypo-/hyper-glycemia
, 3. ketosis
4. cardiovascular alterations
5. infection
4 types of anesthesia - Answer 1. general
2. local
3. regional
4. conscious sedation
Characteristics of general anesthesia - Answer loss of consciousness + deep skeletal relaxation,
analgesia, and amnesia
Common administration route for general anesthesia - Answer Inhalation with endotracheal tube
Local vs regional anesthesia - Answer Local: topical application or injection into tissues
Regional: injection into specific nerve(s), larger area affected
Both: no loss of consciousness
2 types of regional anesthesia - Answer epidural and spinal
Epidural vs spinal anesthesia - Answer Epidural:
- injected into epidural space
- low dose -> sensory blocked but motor intact; high dose -> both fibres blocked
-Thoracic or lumbar spine
Spinal:
- injected into subarachnoid space CSF
- lasts shorter period of time
-lumbar spine
With All Solved Solutions.
WBC range - Answer 4.0-11.0 x 10^9/L
Hemoglobin range - Answer 135-180 g/L
5 purposes of surgery - Answer 1. diagnostic - to determine what's going on
2. cure/repair
3. prevention
4. exploration - determine how extensive it is
5. cosmetic
Pre-op - Answer from when decision to do surgery is made to when pt is transferred to OR table
Intra-op - Answer from when pt transferred to OR table to when they're admitted to PACU
Post-op - Answer from admission to PACU to after follow-up evaluation
Peri-op - Answer time period including pre-, intra-, and post-op for any surgical procedure
Conditions for informed consent - Answer 1. Must have mental capacity to consent
2. Must be voluntary
3. Must be properly informed
Pre-op: Benzodiazepines - Answer Sedate
Pre-op: Anticholinergics - Answer Dry secretions
,Pre-op: Opioids - Answer Pain
Pre-op: Antiemetics - Answer N&V
Pre-op: Antacids - Answer Dry secretions
Pre-op: Eye drops - Answer Prevent dry eyes
Pre-op: Antibiotics - Answer Infection prophylaxis
Pre-op nursing interventions - Answer NPO
Clear liquid diet by midnight
Hospital gown
Braid hair, remove pins
Remove dentures, jewelry
Remove nail polish
Catheterize
Common pre-op fears - Answer 1. death
2. pain/discomfort
3. mutilation
4. anesthesia
5. disruption of life functioning
Meds to dc before surgery - Answer Antiplatelets, anticoagulants 5-7 days prior (bridge therapy)
5 risks for pts with diabetes - Answer 1. delayed healing
2. hypo-/hyper-glycemia
, 3. ketosis
4. cardiovascular alterations
5. infection
4 types of anesthesia - Answer 1. general
2. local
3. regional
4. conscious sedation
Characteristics of general anesthesia - Answer loss of consciousness + deep skeletal relaxation,
analgesia, and amnesia
Common administration route for general anesthesia - Answer Inhalation with endotracheal tube
Local vs regional anesthesia - Answer Local: topical application or injection into tissues
Regional: injection into specific nerve(s), larger area affected
Both: no loss of consciousness
2 types of regional anesthesia - Answer epidural and spinal
Epidural vs spinal anesthesia - Answer Epidural:
- injected into epidural space
- low dose -> sensory blocked but motor intact; high dose -> both fibres blocked
-Thoracic or lumbar spine
Spinal:
- injected into subarachnoid space CSF
- lasts shorter period of time
-lumbar spine
