GRE Psychology – Clinical QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(RATED A+)

GRE Psychology – Clinical
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(RATED A+)
Clinical Psychology - ANSWERstudy of the theory assessments and treatment of
mental and emotional disorders.

Originator of Psychoanalytic theory - ANSWERSigmund Freud

Psychoanalytic theory - ANSWERviews conflict as central to human nature. Conflict
is between drive vying for expression Individuals are motivated by drive reduction.
Revised theory and said that true conflict was between Eros and Thanatos. First
Freud preferred topographic model of mental life in which conscious elements were
openly acknowledged forces and unconscious elements (drives and wishes). Freud
revisited model of mental life and concluded it as structural; mental life has particular
organization rather than layers

Believed human biggest conflict was between libido and ego - ANSWERFreud

Libido - ANSWERsexual force

Eros - ANSWERlife instinct; including sex and love

Thanatos - ANSWERdeath instinct, including self destructive behavior

Three component of the mind - ANSWERid , ego, superego

Id - ANSWERPleasure principle (unconscious wishes)

Ego - ANSWERReality Principle (coping and defense mechanisms)

Superego - ANSWERConscience

(Psychoanalytic theory) Wish fullfillment - ANSWERusing visual images to alleviate
physical needs

Aggression - ANSWERcentral force in humans that must find a socially acceptable
outlet

Defense Mechanism - ANSWERway in which the ego protects itself from threatening
unconscious material or environmental factors

Repression/denial - ANSWERnot allowing threatening material into awareness

Rationalization - ANSWERJustifying or rationalizing behavior or feelings that cause
guilt

Projection - ANSWERAccusing others of having one's own unacceptable feelings

, Displacement - ANSWERShifting unacceptable feelings or actions to a less
threatening recipient

Reaction formation - ANSWERembracing feeling or behaviors opposite to the true
feelings that one has

Compensation - ANSWERExcelling in one area to make up for shortcomings in
another

Sublimation - ANSWERChanneling threatening drive into acceptable outlets

Identification - ANSWERImitating a central figure in one's life, such as a parent

Undoing - ANSWERPerforming an often ritualistic activity in order to relieve anxiety
about unconscious drives

Countertransference - ANSWERAn analyst's transfer of unconscious feelings or
wishes (often about central figures in the analyst's life) onto the patient Dreams -
Seen as safe outlets for unconscious material and wishfulfillment. Manifest content
provides information about latent content

(Psychoanalytic theory) Manifest content - ANSWERthe actual content of the dream

(Psychoanalytic theory) Latent content - ANSWERunconscious force that dreams try
to express

(Psychoanalytic theory) Screen memory- - ANSWERMemories that serve as
representations of important childhood experiences

Originator of Individual Theory - ANSWERAlfred Alder

Individual Theory - ANSWERViewed people as creative, social and whole

Alfred Alder - ANSWEROpposed Freud's negative and structural approach. Believed
individuals are motivated by social need and feelings of inferiority. Happens when
current self does not match ideal self

Individual Theory - ANSWERHealthy individuals have will to power or quest for
feelings of superiority. Unhealthy individuals are too much affected by inferior
feelings to pursue will to power. Make excuse or have a "yes but" mentality. If they
serve goal then they are likely to be self-serving or egotistical Psychodynamic
approach. Unconscious feelings do play a role. Examines a person's lifestyle and
choices. Patient may examine motivation, perception, goals and resources. Therapy
aims to reduce feelings of inferiority and foster social interest and contributions. Best
to be used with "normal" people in search of growth

(Individual Theory) Will to Power - ANSWEROn the quest healthy individuals will
pursue goals that are outside of himself and beneficial to society