RD EXAM STUDY GUIDE EXAMS WITH
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
% Hgb A1C is measured after how many days/months?
- ANSWERS-100-120d, 3-4mo (RBC turnover rate)
>36 Prealbumin causes what?
<15 mg/dL?
- ANSWERS->36 Pre-albumin: Chronic Kidney Disease
<15: Malnutrition, inflammation- stress, liver damage
>400 for transferrin causes what?
<200?
What does transferrin do?
- ANSWERS->400 Transferrin: Iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy, blood loss
<200: Protein-calorie malnutrition, pernicious anemia, iron overload, chronic infections
Transferrin: transports iron
Anemia of Chronic Disease (Normocytic) lab values?
- ANSWERS-Decreased: RBC
Low: Hgb/Hct, TIBC
Normal: MCV, MCH, MCHC
Bicarbonate (HCO3) increases with what?
- ANSWERS->23: Metabolic Alkalosis, compensate with respiratory acidosis
<18 mEq/L: Metabolic Acidosis, compensate with respiratory alkalosis
Ghrelin- where is it produced?
- ANSWERS-Produced by the stomach. It is the HUNGER hormone, slows metabolism* & decreases
body's ability to burn fat- "STRESS EATING"
Obese: have LESS
How can somatic (muscle) protein status be measured? In a child?
- ANSWERS-Mid-arm muscle circumference: triceps skinfold, mid-arm circumference
Child: upper arm muscle area
How do you measure the Somatic (Muscle) Protein Status?
- ANSWERS-CREATININE Ht Index
, Anthropometrics
Nitrogen Balance
Hgb/Hct, RBC count,
Mean corpsucular volume (MCV),
Mean corpuscular hgb, mean cell hgb, total iron binding capacity
In Iron deficiency (Microcytic Anemia), what are the lab values for RBCs, Hgb, Hct, MCV, MCH,
MCHC, & TIBC ?
- ANSWERS-RBC: normal
Hgb, Hct, MCV, MCH, MCHC: low
TIBC: high (>400)
In vit B12, Folate (Macrocytic Anemia), what are the lab values for RBCs, Hgb, Hct, MCV, MCH,
MCHC, & TIBC?
- ANSWERS-Decreased: RBC, MCHC
Low value: Hgb, Hct, TIBC
High value: MCV, MCH
Lab values for Hgb %A1C?
Normal
Prediabetes
Diabetes
- ANSWERS-Normal: <5.7%
Prediabetes: 5.7-6.4%
Diabetes: >6.5%
Good control: <7.0% (155 mg/dL)
Leptin- Obesity has high or low levels?
- ANSWERS-Signals when the body is FULL, suppresses appetite.
Obesity has HIGH levels* bc there is a decreased response to its effect
Nitrogen balance equation?
What does a + balance mean?
- ANSWERS-(g protein intake/6.25) - (urinary nitrogen output + 3 or 4g)
+ = nitrogen RETENTION/Anabolism, recover from injury, growth, pregnant
- = nitrogen LOSS/catabolism, starvation
Affected by: energy intake, hormones, testosterone, thyroxin, corticosteroids
PCO2 is increased with what?
- ANSWERS->48 mm Hg: Respiratory ACIDosis (bronchitis, emphysema, hypOventilation),
Metabolic Alkalosis*
<35 mm Hg: Respiratory Alkalosis (hyperventilation), Metabolic Acidosis compensates
What describes the color (chroma) of a RBC?
- ANSWERS-Mean Cell Hgb Concentration (MCHC)-
HYPOchromic <31: PALER
HYPERchromic >36: not possible.
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
% Hgb A1C is measured after how many days/months?
- ANSWERS-100-120d, 3-4mo (RBC turnover rate)
>36 Prealbumin causes what?
<15 mg/dL?
- ANSWERS->36 Pre-albumin: Chronic Kidney Disease
<15: Malnutrition, inflammation- stress, liver damage
>400 for transferrin causes what?
<200?
What does transferrin do?
- ANSWERS->400 Transferrin: Iron deficiency anemia, pregnancy, blood loss
<200: Protein-calorie malnutrition, pernicious anemia, iron overload, chronic infections
Transferrin: transports iron
Anemia of Chronic Disease (Normocytic) lab values?
- ANSWERS-Decreased: RBC
Low: Hgb/Hct, TIBC
Normal: MCV, MCH, MCHC
Bicarbonate (HCO3) increases with what?
- ANSWERS->23: Metabolic Alkalosis, compensate with respiratory acidosis
<18 mEq/L: Metabolic Acidosis, compensate with respiratory alkalosis
Ghrelin- where is it produced?
- ANSWERS-Produced by the stomach. It is the HUNGER hormone, slows metabolism* & decreases
body's ability to burn fat- "STRESS EATING"
Obese: have LESS
How can somatic (muscle) protein status be measured? In a child?
- ANSWERS-Mid-arm muscle circumference: triceps skinfold, mid-arm circumference
Child: upper arm muscle area
How do you measure the Somatic (Muscle) Protein Status?
- ANSWERS-CREATININE Ht Index
, Anthropometrics
Nitrogen Balance
Hgb/Hct, RBC count,
Mean corpsucular volume (MCV),
Mean corpuscular hgb, mean cell hgb, total iron binding capacity
In Iron deficiency (Microcytic Anemia), what are the lab values for RBCs, Hgb, Hct, MCV, MCH,
MCHC, & TIBC ?
- ANSWERS-RBC: normal
Hgb, Hct, MCV, MCH, MCHC: low
TIBC: high (>400)
In vit B12, Folate (Macrocytic Anemia), what are the lab values for RBCs, Hgb, Hct, MCV, MCH,
MCHC, & TIBC?
- ANSWERS-Decreased: RBC, MCHC
Low value: Hgb, Hct, TIBC
High value: MCV, MCH
Lab values for Hgb %A1C?
Normal
Prediabetes
Diabetes
- ANSWERS-Normal: <5.7%
Prediabetes: 5.7-6.4%
Diabetes: >6.5%
Good control: <7.0% (155 mg/dL)
Leptin- Obesity has high or low levels?
- ANSWERS-Signals when the body is FULL, suppresses appetite.
Obesity has HIGH levels* bc there is a decreased response to its effect
Nitrogen balance equation?
What does a + balance mean?
- ANSWERS-(g protein intake/6.25) - (urinary nitrogen output + 3 or 4g)
+ = nitrogen RETENTION/Anabolism, recover from injury, growth, pregnant
- = nitrogen LOSS/catabolism, starvation
Affected by: energy intake, hormones, testosterone, thyroxin, corticosteroids
PCO2 is increased with what?
- ANSWERS->48 mm Hg: Respiratory ACIDosis (bronchitis, emphysema, hypOventilation),
Metabolic Alkalosis*
<35 mm Hg: Respiratory Alkalosis (hyperventilation), Metabolic Acidosis compensates
What describes the color (chroma) of a RBC?
- ANSWERS-Mean Cell Hgb Concentration (MCHC)-
HYPOchromic <31: PALER
HYPERchromic >36: not possible.
