RD EXAM STUDY REVIEWS WITH VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1 mcg DFE (dietary folate equivalent) = ____ mcg folic acid
- ANSWERS-0.6 mcg folic acid
A #12 scoop was used to serve 600 servings of mashed potatoes instead of a #16 scoop. How
many servings were they short?
a. 90
b. 25
c. 210
d. 156
- ANSWERS-d. 156
#12 scoop = 2.7 oz
#16 scoop = 2 oz
600 svgs x 2oz = 1200 oz/svg
1200 oz svg/2.7oz = 444 svgs
600 svgs - 444 svgs = 156 svgs
A $240 income was generated selling 40 pieces of fish with a raw food cost of $2.00 each.
What is the % food cost?
- ANSWERS-33%
A 1.5 formula is running at 60 mls for 24 hrs and contains 77% free water. How much water total
does this provide?
- ANSWERS-~ 1,109 mls free water
60 mls x 24 hrs = 1,440 mls TV
1,440 mls TV x 0.77 = 1,108.8
A 23 year old young woman has been following a high carbohydrate diet while training
vigorously for a triathlon. She collapsed during one of her training runs. At the hospital it was
determined; she had biventricular heart failure with pulmonary congestion. What nutritional
deficiency was she determined to have developed?
- ANSWERS-Thiamine. Rationale: Without thiamine pyrophosphate, pyruvate is unable to be
,converted to acetyl CoA and enter into tri-carboxylic acid cycle. This results in energy deprivation
of the heart muscle
A community dietitian wants to investigate how many residents in each of two counties has a
myocardial infarction (MI) and determine which county has the highest incidence of MI. Which of
the following studies would be best?
A. cohort study
B. correlational study
C. case-control study
D. cross-sectional study
- ANSWERS-B. correlational study
Correlational studies can suggest that a relationship exists between variables. However, it
CANNOT prove that one variable causes a change in another. If there are no associations
between the variables tested, then there are no causal connections between them.
A diabetic needs 1,800 calories, 50% from carbohydrates. How many CHO choices can he have
at each meal if he has 2 snacks with 2 CHO choices each?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
- ANSWERS-c. 4
CALCULATE
50% x 1800 = 900 kcal
900 kcal x 1g CHO/4 kcal = 225g CHO
CHO exchange is based on 15 grams
225/15 = 15 CHO choices
2 snacks of 2 CHO = 4 CHO
15 - 4 = 9,
9 over 2 meals is 4.5
A dining hall manager at a university hires a new cook in anticipation of an increase in volume
due to the opening of a new residence hall. This additional labor cost is best described as which
of the following types of costs?
A. Fixed
B. Direct
C. Variable
D. Semi-Variable
- ANSWERS-D. Semi-Variable
A formula is running at 47 mls for 18 hrs and provides 81% free water. How much free water
does this formula provide?
- ANSWERS-685 mls
47 mls x 18 hrs = 846 mls TV (0.846 L)
846 L x 0.81 = 685 mls
,A nephrotic syndrome patient with edema has a declining serum albumin level. What would a
contributing factor be?
- ANSWERS-loss of protein in the urine
A patient is receiving 15% dextrose running at 10 mls/hr. The patient's weight is 5 kg. What is
their GIR? (glucose infusion rate)
- ANSWERS-5 mg/kg/min
GIR = IV rate (ml/hr) x dextrose concentration (g/dL) x 1000 (mg/g) / weight (kg) x 60 (min/hr)
A patient needs 2,000 calories per day and is restricted to 1,500 ml of fluid per day. The
enteral formula selected has 1.5 cal/ml, 55 g protein/L and is 77% water.
- How much formula is required?
- How much protein will be provided?
- How much additional water is needed?
- What is the administration rate?
- ANSWERS--How much formula is required?
2,000/1.5 =1,333 ml of formula
- How much protein will be provided?
55g x 1.33 liters = 73 g protein
-How much additional water is needed?
1333 x 0.77 = 1,026 ml water in formula
1,500-1,026 = 474 ml additional water
-What is the administration rate?
1,333 ml/ 24 hrs = 56 ml/hr
A patient on lithium carbonate decreases his sodium intake to 2 grams/day. What will the effect
be?
- ANSWERS-enhanced activity of the drug
**LESS sodium = increased activity of lithium carbonate
A patient with an ileal resection is placed on a tube feeding and begins to have diarrhea. What
may this be caused by?
- ANSWERS-the use of a hypertonic formula
**hypertonic tube feeding formulas = have GREATER osmolality than the body --> create osmotic
gradient that attracts water into the GI tract --> diarrhea
A patient with diabetes has not eaten for more than 3 days. What should you do?
- ANSWERS-liberalize the patient's diet
A patient with dry, scaly skin and Bitot's spots has the classical signs of a deficiency in:
A. vitamin A
B. vitamin E
C. thiamin
, D. niacin
- ANSWERS-A. vitamin A
A patient with hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia may have what
condition?
- ANSWERS-renal disease
A patient with IBD has steatorrhea. In addition to limiting fat intake, what minerals should be
assessed?
- ANSWERS-**calcium, magnesium and zinc
A primary use of the Dietary Reference Intakes is to
- ANSWERS-Plan menus for healthy people
A serum calcium level of 11.5 mg/dl will bring on a release of
a. parathormone (PTH) from the parathyroid gland
b. calcitonin from the thyroid gland
c. calcium
d. calcium-binding protein from the intestine
- ANSWERS-b. calcitonin from the thyroid gland
Calcitonin is released by the thyroid gland if the amount of calcium in the bloodstream is high.
Calcitonin decreases the amount of calcium and phosphorus in the blood. It does this by slowing
the activity of cells found in bone, called osteoclasts.
PTH raises calcium levels by releasing calcium from your bones and increasing the amount of
calcium absorbed from your small intestine. When blood-calcium levels are too high, the
parathyroid glands produce less PTH .
A swallow test has been ordered for a patient who holds food in his mouth for a long time and is
coughing. Which food can he have for dessert?
- ANSWERS-smooth pudding**NDD1 = pureed --> pudding-like consistency
A TPN solution is running at 65 mls x 18 hrs. The solution is as follows: 350 mls of a 50% dextrose
solution, 350 mls of a 15% AA solution and 300 mls of a 30% lipid emulsion. How many total
kcals does this provide?
- ANSWERS-~ 1,995 total kcals
A TPN solution is to be delivered at 50 ml/hour at 3/4 strength. What is the appropriate order?
- ANSWERS-900 ml formula with 300 ml of water
**50 ml/hour --> 50 x 24 = 1200 ml/day
1200 x 0.75 = 900 ml
1200 ml/day - 900 ml formula = 300 ml of water
According to _____ nutrition risk must be identified in hospitalized patients within 24 hours of
admission, but does not mandate a method of screening.
- ANSWERS-The Joint Commission
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1 mcg DFE (dietary folate equivalent) = ____ mcg folic acid
- ANSWERS-0.6 mcg folic acid
A #12 scoop was used to serve 600 servings of mashed potatoes instead of a #16 scoop. How
many servings were they short?
a. 90
b. 25
c. 210
d. 156
- ANSWERS-d. 156
#12 scoop = 2.7 oz
#16 scoop = 2 oz
600 svgs x 2oz = 1200 oz/svg
1200 oz svg/2.7oz = 444 svgs
600 svgs - 444 svgs = 156 svgs
A $240 income was generated selling 40 pieces of fish with a raw food cost of $2.00 each.
What is the % food cost?
- ANSWERS-33%
A 1.5 formula is running at 60 mls for 24 hrs and contains 77% free water. How much water total
does this provide?
- ANSWERS-~ 1,109 mls free water
60 mls x 24 hrs = 1,440 mls TV
1,440 mls TV x 0.77 = 1,108.8
A 23 year old young woman has been following a high carbohydrate diet while training
vigorously for a triathlon. She collapsed during one of her training runs. At the hospital it was
determined; she had biventricular heart failure with pulmonary congestion. What nutritional
deficiency was she determined to have developed?
- ANSWERS-Thiamine. Rationale: Without thiamine pyrophosphate, pyruvate is unable to be
,converted to acetyl CoA and enter into tri-carboxylic acid cycle. This results in energy deprivation
of the heart muscle
A community dietitian wants to investigate how many residents in each of two counties has a
myocardial infarction (MI) and determine which county has the highest incidence of MI. Which of
the following studies would be best?
A. cohort study
B. correlational study
C. case-control study
D. cross-sectional study
- ANSWERS-B. correlational study
Correlational studies can suggest that a relationship exists between variables. However, it
CANNOT prove that one variable causes a change in another. If there are no associations
between the variables tested, then there are no causal connections between them.
A diabetic needs 1,800 calories, 50% from carbohydrates. How many CHO choices can he have
at each meal if he has 2 snacks with 2 CHO choices each?
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
- ANSWERS-c. 4
CALCULATE
50% x 1800 = 900 kcal
900 kcal x 1g CHO/4 kcal = 225g CHO
CHO exchange is based on 15 grams
225/15 = 15 CHO choices
2 snacks of 2 CHO = 4 CHO
15 - 4 = 9,
9 over 2 meals is 4.5
A dining hall manager at a university hires a new cook in anticipation of an increase in volume
due to the opening of a new residence hall. This additional labor cost is best described as which
of the following types of costs?
A. Fixed
B. Direct
C. Variable
D. Semi-Variable
- ANSWERS-D. Semi-Variable
A formula is running at 47 mls for 18 hrs and provides 81% free water. How much free water
does this formula provide?
- ANSWERS-685 mls
47 mls x 18 hrs = 846 mls TV (0.846 L)
846 L x 0.81 = 685 mls
,A nephrotic syndrome patient with edema has a declining serum albumin level. What would a
contributing factor be?
- ANSWERS-loss of protein in the urine
A patient is receiving 15% dextrose running at 10 mls/hr. The patient's weight is 5 kg. What is
their GIR? (glucose infusion rate)
- ANSWERS-5 mg/kg/min
GIR = IV rate (ml/hr) x dextrose concentration (g/dL) x 1000 (mg/g) / weight (kg) x 60 (min/hr)
A patient needs 2,000 calories per day and is restricted to 1,500 ml of fluid per day. The
enteral formula selected has 1.5 cal/ml, 55 g protein/L and is 77% water.
- How much formula is required?
- How much protein will be provided?
- How much additional water is needed?
- What is the administration rate?
- ANSWERS--How much formula is required?
2,000/1.5 =1,333 ml of formula
- How much protein will be provided?
55g x 1.33 liters = 73 g protein
-How much additional water is needed?
1333 x 0.77 = 1,026 ml water in formula
1,500-1,026 = 474 ml additional water
-What is the administration rate?
1,333 ml/ 24 hrs = 56 ml/hr
A patient on lithium carbonate decreases his sodium intake to 2 grams/day. What will the effect
be?
- ANSWERS-enhanced activity of the drug
**LESS sodium = increased activity of lithium carbonate
A patient with an ileal resection is placed on a tube feeding and begins to have diarrhea. What
may this be caused by?
- ANSWERS-the use of a hypertonic formula
**hypertonic tube feeding formulas = have GREATER osmolality than the body --> create osmotic
gradient that attracts water into the GI tract --> diarrhea
A patient with diabetes has not eaten for more than 3 days. What should you do?
- ANSWERS-liberalize the patient's diet
A patient with dry, scaly skin and Bitot's spots has the classical signs of a deficiency in:
A. vitamin A
B. vitamin E
C. thiamin
, D. niacin
- ANSWERS-A. vitamin A
A patient with hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia and hypermagnesemia may have what
condition?
- ANSWERS-renal disease
A patient with IBD has steatorrhea. In addition to limiting fat intake, what minerals should be
assessed?
- ANSWERS-**calcium, magnesium and zinc
A primary use of the Dietary Reference Intakes is to
- ANSWERS-Plan menus for healthy people
A serum calcium level of 11.5 mg/dl will bring on a release of
a. parathormone (PTH) from the parathyroid gland
b. calcitonin from the thyroid gland
c. calcium
d. calcium-binding protein from the intestine
- ANSWERS-b. calcitonin from the thyroid gland
Calcitonin is released by the thyroid gland if the amount of calcium in the bloodstream is high.
Calcitonin decreases the amount of calcium and phosphorus in the blood. It does this by slowing
the activity of cells found in bone, called osteoclasts.
PTH raises calcium levels by releasing calcium from your bones and increasing the amount of
calcium absorbed from your small intestine. When blood-calcium levels are too high, the
parathyroid glands produce less PTH .
A swallow test has been ordered for a patient who holds food in his mouth for a long time and is
coughing. Which food can he have for dessert?
- ANSWERS-smooth pudding**NDD1 = pureed --> pudding-like consistency
A TPN solution is running at 65 mls x 18 hrs. The solution is as follows: 350 mls of a 50% dextrose
solution, 350 mls of a 15% AA solution and 300 mls of a 30% lipid emulsion. How many total
kcals does this provide?
- ANSWERS-~ 1,995 total kcals
A TPN solution is to be delivered at 50 ml/hour at 3/4 strength. What is the appropriate order?
- ANSWERS-900 ml formula with 300 ml of water
**50 ml/hour --> 50 x 24 = 1200 ml/day
1200 x 0.75 = 900 ml
1200 ml/day - 900 ml formula = 300 ml of water
According to _____ nutrition risk must be identified in hospitalized patients within 24 hours of
admission, but does not mandate a method of screening.
- ANSWERS-The Joint Commission
