Test bank for Theories of personality 10th edition by Richard M. Ryckman Chapters 1-18

Test bank
Theories of personality 10th edition
by Richard M. Ryckman Chapters 1-18




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,TABLE OF CONTENT n n




PART I: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE DISCIPLINE.
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1. Personality and the Scientific Outlook.
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PART II: PSYCHOANALYTIC AND NEOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVES.
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2. Freud's Psychoanalytic Perspectives.
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3. Jung's Analytical Psychology.
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4. Adler's Individual Psychology.
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5. Horney's Social and Cultural Psychoanalysis.
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6. Erikson's Psychoanalytic Ego Psychology.
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7. Kohut's Self Psychology.
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PART III: TRAIT PERSPECTIVES.
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8. Allport's Trait Theory.
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9. Cattell's Structure-Based Systems Theory.
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10. Eysenck's Biological Typology.
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PART IV: COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVES.
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11. Kelly's Theory of Personal Constructs.
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PART V: HUMANISTIC/EXISTENTIAL PERSPECTIVES.
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12. Maslow's Self-Actualization Position.
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13. Roger's Person-Centered Theory.
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14. May's Existential-Analytic Position.
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PART VI: SOCIAL-BEHAVIORISTIC PERSPECTIVES.
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15. Skinner's Operant Analysis.
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,16. Rotter's Expectancy Reinforcement Value Model.
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17. Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory.
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PART VII: THE ROLE OF THE GRAND THEORIES IN CONTEMPORARY PERSONALITY P
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SYCHOLOGY.

18. Theory and Research in Contemporary Personality Psychology
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, CHAPTERn1—PERSONALITYnANDnTHEnSCIENTIFICnOUTLOOK



CHAPTERnOUTLINE



I. Whynstudynpersonality?n Thenstudynofnhumannpersonalitynhelpsnusnunderstandnourselvesnand
nothernpeoplenbetternandngivesnusnangreaternappreciationnfornthencomplexitynofnhumannexperi

ence.
II. Definitionn ofnPersonality:nPersonalitynisnthendynamicnandnorganizednsetnofncharacteristicsn
possessednbynannindividualnthatnuniquelyninfluencesnhisnornherncognitions,nmotivationsnandn
behaviorsninnvariousnsituations.
III. PersonalitynandnScience:nPersonalitynisnanscientificnenterprisenconcernednwithnthendescription
,nexplanation,nprediction,nandncontrolnofnevents.
A.nComponentsnofnScience:nTheoriesnandnResearchnMethods
1. Whatnarentheories?n Antheorynisnansystemnofninterrelatednconceptualnstatementsnthatnar
encreatednbyninvestigatorsntonaccountnfornanphenomenonnornansetnofnphenomena.
2. Kindsnofntheories
a. inductive-setsnofngeneralnsummarynstatementsnaboutnphenomenanderivednfromnfacts.
b. deductive-
theoriesninnwhichnspecificnhypothesesnarenderivednfromnabstractnpropositionsnandnthennt
estedn bynthencollectionnofndata.nDeductiventheoriesnconsistnofnpostulates,npropositions,
nconceptualndefinitions,noperationalndefinitions,nhypotheses,nandnempiricalnobservation

s.
1. postulates-
thenfundamentalnorncorenassumptionsnofnantheory.nTheynarentakennasnself-
nevidentlyntrueninnorderntonprovidenanclearnandnfocusedndirectionnforntheorizingnandnre

search.
2. propositions-
ngeneralnrelationalnstatementsnthatnmaynbentruenornfalse.nTheynarennotntestedndirectly;ninst

ead,nhypothesesnarenderivednfromnthem.
3. hypotheses-
specificnpropositionsncontainingnconstructsnthatnarenconceptuallyndefinednandnoperationa
lizednsontheyncanntestednandnconfirmednorndisconfirmednthroughnempiricalntesting.nHypot
hesesnarententativentheoreticalnstatementsnaboutnhowneventsnarenrelatedntononenanother,n
oftennstatednasnpredictions.
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