Test Bank For Methods in Behavioral Research, 15th Edition
Chapter 01
1) Which of the following strongly influenced the 2005 Supreme Court decision that juveniles
could not face the death penalty?
A) behavioral research on human development
B) statistical research on judicial decisions
C) the Milgram experiment's conclusions
D) applied research undertaken by corporations
2) Which of the following is most likely to be a problem associated with intuition?
A) questioning one's own personal judgment
B) finding an explanation for one's own behavior or the behaviors of others
C) explaining the intriguing events that one may observe
D) drawing erroneous conclusions based on cognitive or motivational biases
3) ________ is a cognitive bias that occurs when a person focuses on two events that stand out
and occur together.
A) Skepticism
B) Falsifiability
C) Illusory correlation
D) Temporal precedence
4) When people unquestionably accept what their own personal judgment tells them about the
world, they are relying on
A) skepticism.
B) authority.
C) intuition.
D) science.
5) Many people readily accept anything they learn from religious figures or government
officials because of their belief in
A) skepticism.
B) authority.
C) pseudoscience.
D) empiricism.
1
,Test Bank For Methods in Behavioral Research, 15th Edition
Chapter 01
6) Accepting the information in a professor's lecture without considering the credibility of the
information exemplifies a belief in
A) intuition.
B) authority.
C) scientific evidence.
D) skepticism.
7) Which of the following is true of the scientific approach to acquiring knowledge?
A) Scientists accept the pronouncements of anyone on faith.
B) Scientists do not rely on intuition and assertions of authorities for research ideas.
C) A person can accept on faith the statements of any authority.
D) It recognizes that intuition, anecdote, and authority can be sources of ideas about
behavior.
8) Nathan, a consumer, decided to buy a bike this month because he had a feeling that the price
of that bike would increase in the future. Nathan made his decision based on
A) anecdotes.
B) skepticism.
C) intuition.
D) facts.
9) Which of the following is an advantage of the scientific approach over other ways of
knowing about the world?
A) eliminating the need for evidence before drawing scientific conclusions
B) ruling out intuition, anecdote, and authority as sources of ideas about behavior
C) providing an objective set of rules for gathering, evaluating, and reporting
information
D) rejecting the idea that numerous cognitive and motivational biases affect our
perceptions
10) Scientific________ insists that ideas be evaluated on the basis of careful logic and results
from well-executed scientific investigations.
A) fanaticism
B) didacticism
C) radicalism
D) skepticism
2
,Test Bank For Methods in Behavioral Research, 15th Edition
Chapter 01
11) Scientists often rely on intuition and assertions of authorities to
A) generate ideas for research.
B) draw conclusions about behavior.
C) set rules for evaluating and reporting information.
D) ensure that flawed research does not become part of scientific literature.
12) ________ is the idea that knowledge comes from observations.
A) Fanaticism
B) Didacticism
C) Empiricism
D) Skepticism
13) Identify the characteristic of scientific inquiry that, according to Goodstein (2000),
emphasizes that if an idea is falsified when it is tested, science is thereby advanced because
this result will spur the development of new and better ideas.
A) Data play a central role.
B) Scientists are not alone.
C) Science is adversarial.
D) Scientific evidence is peer-reviewed.
14) Identify the fundamental characteristic of the scientific approach.
A) precedence
B) covariation
C) falsifiability
D) empiricism
15) According to Goodstein (2000), which characteristic of scientific enquiry emphasizes that a
study should be looked at by scientists who have the expertise to carefully evaluate the study
before it is published in a top-quality scientific journal?
A) Scientific evidence is peer-reviewed.
B) Science is adversarial.
C) Data play a central role.
D) Scientists are not alone.
3
, Test Bank For Methods in Behavioral Research, 15th Edition
Chapter 01
16) An empirical approach to science requires that
A) scientific observations be accurately reported to other scientists and the public.
B) scientists accept on faith the pronouncements of anyone.
C) knowledge come from observations.
D) ideas be evaluated on the basis of intuitions.
17) What is the first thing to be asked of a person who claims to be a scientist before accepting
what they have to say?
A) credentials of the individual
B) funding source of the individual
C) reputation of the institution represented by the individual
D) methods of study used by the individual
18) The concept of being able to disprove good scientific ideas with data is called
A) operationalization.
B) deduction.
C) covariation.
D) falsifiability.
19) ________ is the process by which scientists with expertise in a particular field assess a study
before it is published in a top-quality scientific journal.
A) Applied research
B) Peer review
C) Program evaluation
D) Temporal precedence
20) Identify a role of reviewers involved in peer review.
A) recommending whether research should be published or not
B) providing an objective set of rules for reporting information
C) providing an objective set of rules for gathering and evaluating information
D) making scientific evidence obtainable
4
Chapter 01
1) Which of the following strongly influenced the 2005 Supreme Court decision that juveniles
could not face the death penalty?
A) behavioral research on human development
B) statistical research on judicial decisions
C) the Milgram experiment's conclusions
D) applied research undertaken by corporations
2) Which of the following is most likely to be a problem associated with intuition?
A) questioning one's own personal judgment
B) finding an explanation for one's own behavior or the behaviors of others
C) explaining the intriguing events that one may observe
D) drawing erroneous conclusions based on cognitive or motivational biases
3) ________ is a cognitive bias that occurs when a person focuses on two events that stand out
and occur together.
A) Skepticism
B) Falsifiability
C) Illusory correlation
D) Temporal precedence
4) When people unquestionably accept what their own personal judgment tells them about the
world, they are relying on
A) skepticism.
B) authority.
C) intuition.
D) science.
5) Many people readily accept anything they learn from religious figures or government
officials because of their belief in
A) skepticism.
B) authority.
C) pseudoscience.
D) empiricism.
1
,Test Bank For Methods in Behavioral Research, 15th Edition
Chapter 01
6) Accepting the information in a professor's lecture without considering the credibility of the
information exemplifies a belief in
A) intuition.
B) authority.
C) scientific evidence.
D) skepticism.
7) Which of the following is true of the scientific approach to acquiring knowledge?
A) Scientists accept the pronouncements of anyone on faith.
B) Scientists do not rely on intuition and assertions of authorities for research ideas.
C) A person can accept on faith the statements of any authority.
D) It recognizes that intuition, anecdote, and authority can be sources of ideas about
behavior.
8) Nathan, a consumer, decided to buy a bike this month because he had a feeling that the price
of that bike would increase in the future. Nathan made his decision based on
A) anecdotes.
B) skepticism.
C) intuition.
D) facts.
9) Which of the following is an advantage of the scientific approach over other ways of
knowing about the world?
A) eliminating the need for evidence before drawing scientific conclusions
B) ruling out intuition, anecdote, and authority as sources of ideas about behavior
C) providing an objective set of rules for gathering, evaluating, and reporting
information
D) rejecting the idea that numerous cognitive and motivational biases affect our
perceptions
10) Scientific________ insists that ideas be evaluated on the basis of careful logic and results
from well-executed scientific investigations.
A) fanaticism
B) didacticism
C) radicalism
D) skepticism
2
,Test Bank For Methods in Behavioral Research, 15th Edition
Chapter 01
11) Scientists often rely on intuition and assertions of authorities to
A) generate ideas for research.
B) draw conclusions about behavior.
C) set rules for evaluating and reporting information.
D) ensure that flawed research does not become part of scientific literature.
12) ________ is the idea that knowledge comes from observations.
A) Fanaticism
B) Didacticism
C) Empiricism
D) Skepticism
13) Identify the characteristic of scientific inquiry that, according to Goodstein (2000),
emphasizes that if an idea is falsified when it is tested, science is thereby advanced because
this result will spur the development of new and better ideas.
A) Data play a central role.
B) Scientists are not alone.
C) Science is adversarial.
D) Scientific evidence is peer-reviewed.
14) Identify the fundamental characteristic of the scientific approach.
A) precedence
B) covariation
C) falsifiability
D) empiricism
15) According to Goodstein (2000), which characteristic of scientific enquiry emphasizes that a
study should be looked at by scientists who have the expertise to carefully evaluate the study
before it is published in a top-quality scientific journal?
A) Scientific evidence is peer-reviewed.
B) Science is adversarial.
C) Data play a central role.
D) Scientists are not alone.
3
, Test Bank For Methods in Behavioral Research, 15th Edition
Chapter 01
16) An empirical approach to science requires that
A) scientific observations be accurately reported to other scientists and the public.
B) scientists accept on faith the pronouncements of anyone.
C) knowledge come from observations.
D) ideas be evaluated on the basis of intuitions.
17) What is the first thing to be asked of a person who claims to be a scientist before accepting
what they have to say?
A) credentials of the individual
B) funding source of the individual
C) reputation of the institution represented by the individual
D) methods of study used by the individual
18) The concept of being able to disprove good scientific ideas with data is called
A) operationalization.
B) deduction.
C) covariation.
D) falsifiability.
19) ________ is the process by which scientists with expertise in a particular field assess a study
before it is published in a top-quality scientific journal.
A) Applied research
B) Peer review
C) Program evaluation
D) Temporal precedence
20) Identify a role of reviewers involved in peer review.
A) recommending whether research should be published or not
B) providing an objective set of rules for reporting information
C) providing an objective set of rules for gathering and evaluating information
D) making scientific evidence obtainable
4
