Classification
>
-
classifications
Bacterial Cell Structure
• physical characteristics - Gram's stain, motility
• biochemical tests - pH indicator, growth media that eliminates group of
bacteria
• serological test - detects antigens or antibodies in clinical specimens
• nucleic acid analysis - bases on analysis of 16s rRNA or PCR
- bacteria >
- morphology
• prokaryote (without nucleus) • cocci - round
• unicellular • rods - cylinderical
• cell walls of peptidoglycan • spirilla - curved cylinder
>
- archaea • spirochete - long bumped noodle
• prokaryote • filamentous - fibrous thread
• survive in harsh environments, don't cause human disease
-
fungi > plasma membrane
• eukaryote • phospholipid bilayer - fluidity, selectively permable
• yeasts - unicellular - high temp, more fluid, cold, less fluid
• molds - multicellular - unsaturated fatty acids, more fluid, saturated, less fluid
>
-
protists • some antimicrobials target - create holes or dissolve
• eukaryote
• unicellular and >
- gram stain
mutlicellular • gram negative - thin peptiodoglycan layer (stain pink)
• locomotion structures • gram positive - thick peptiodoglycan layer (stain purple)
>
-
helminths (worms) >
- lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
• eukaryotes • covers cell wall
• mutlicellular • provdes protection - resistant to lysozyme, penicilin, some
>
- viruses disinfectants, and detergents
• acellular • lipid A (endotoxin)
• genetic material surrounded by protein - portion of LPS
coat
>
- prions - toxic to humans in large amounts
• nonliving
• acellular - other techniques (not gram or )
+
• mycoplasma lack cell wall
- host-microbe interactions • nocardia and myobacteria have waxy coat
• parasitism - microbe benefits at cost of host acid fast
• mutualism - both benefit • stained with carbolfuchsin - turns red
• commensalism - no benefit or cost
>
- prokaryotic size
• most 0.5 - 2.0 nm
• smaller better surface area to volume ratio
• needs space to fit enzymes, molecules
>
-
divide by binary fission
• produces 2 identical daughter cells
>
-
classifications
Bacterial Cell Structure
• physical characteristics - Gram's stain, motility
• biochemical tests - pH indicator, growth media that eliminates group of
bacteria
• serological test - detects antigens or antibodies in clinical specimens
• nucleic acid analysis - bases on analysis of 16s rRNA or PCR
- bacteria >
- morphology
• prokaryote (without nucleus) • cocci - round
• unicellular • rods - cylinderical
• cell walls of peptidoglycan • spirilla - curved cylinder
>
- archaea • spirochete - long bumped noodle
• prokaryote • filamentous - fibrous thread
• survive in harsh environments, don't cause human disease
-
fungi > plasma membrane
• eukaryote • phospholipid bilayer - fluidity, selectively permable
• yeasts - unicellular - high temp, more fluid, cold, less fluid
• molds - multicellular - unsaturated fatty acids, more fluid, saturated, less fluid
>
-
protists • some antimicrobials target - create holes or dissolve
• eukaryote
• unicellular and >
- gram stain
mutlicellular • gram negative - thin peptiodoglycan layer (stain pink)
• locomotion structures • gram positive - thick peptiodoglycan layer (stain purple)
>
-
helminths (worms) >
- lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
• eukaryotes • covers cell wall
• mutlicellular • provdes protection - resistant to lysozyme, penicilin, some
>
- viruses disinfectants, and detergents
• acellular • lipid A (endotoxin)
• genetic material surrounded by protein - portion of LPS
coat
>
- prions - toxic to humans in large amounts
• nonliving
• acellular - other techniques (not gram or )
+
• mycoplasma lack cell wall
- host-microbe interactions • nocardia and myobacteria have waxy coat
• parasitism - microbe benefits at cost of host acid fast
• mutualism - both benefit • stained with carbolfuchsin - turns red
• commensalism - no benefit or cost
>
- prokaryotic size
• most 0.5 - 2.0 nm
• smaller better surface area to volume ratio
• needs space to fit enzymes, molecules
>
-
divide by binary fission
• produces 2 identical daughter cells
