MERGED QUESTION PAPER> MARK SCHEME> 100% GUARANTEE
AS
HISTORY
Challenge and transformation: Britain, c1851–1964
Component 1G Victorian and Edwardian Britain, c1851–1914
Wednesday 15 May 2024 Afternoon Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
an AQA 16-page answer book.
Instructions
Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7041/1G.
Answer two questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer either Question 02 or Question 03.
Information
The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
The maximum mark for this paper is 50.
You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
You are advised to spend about:
– 50 minutes on Section A
– 40 minutes on Section B.
IB/M/Jun24/G4001/E4 7041/1G
, 2
Section A
Answer Question 01.
Extract A
By 1880, the state had assumed powers to control the worst abuses and ensure minimum
standards of health for a majority of its citizens. Inspectorates had been established to
oversee working conditions in factories and mines, to control pollution and to watch over
the operation of the poor law and education. All this had happened without any overall
coordination of state action, and much of this legislation was permissive rather than 5
compulsory, inadequately enforced or limited in scope. Yet, beneath the surface, a slow
change was taking place, as the government came to realise the scale and nature of the
problems to be tackled and the inadequacies of private and voluntary effort.
Adapted from E Royle, Modern Britain, 1997
Extract B
Many assumed that once a popular vote had been granted in 1867, collectivist social
policies designed to raise living standards and to redistribute wealth would become
inevitable. However, this appears not to have been the case. Gladstone’s governments
concentrated more on political, legal and religious reforms than on social, and Disraeli’s
efforts made little impact. By 1880, the tendency was towards less social intervention in 5
spite of the increase in the electorate. Working men placed less importance on social
reforms than on wage rates and conditions of employment, which were largely regarded
as beyond the control of the government. The most welcome benefits were those
obtained through membership of cooperative societies, friendly societies and
trade unions. 10
Adapted from M Pugh, State and Society, 2008
0 1 With reference to these extracts and your understanding of the historical context, which
of these two extracts provides the more convincing interpretation of social reform in the
years 1868 to 1880?
[25 marks]
IB/M/Jun24/7041/1G
AS
HISTORY
Challenge and transformation: Britain, c1851–1964
Component 1G Victorian and Edwardian Britain, c1851–1914
Wednesday 15 May 2024 Afternoon Time allowed: 1 hour 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
an AQA 16-page answer book.
Instructions
Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7041/1G.
Answer two questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer either Question 02 or Question 03.
Information
The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
The maximum mark for this paper is 50.
You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
You are advised to spend about:
– 50 minutes on Section A
– 40 minutes on Section B.
IB/M/Jun24/G4001/E4 7041/1G
, 2
Section A
Answer Question 01.
Extract A
By 1880, the state had assumed powers to control the worst abuses and ensure minimum
standards of health for a majority of its citizens. Inspectorates had been established to
oversee working conditions in factories and mines, to control pollution and to watch over
the operation of the poor law and education. All this had happened without any overall
coordination of state action, and much of this legislation was permissive rather than 5
compulsory, inadequately enforced or limited in scope. Yet, beneath the surface, a slow
change was taking place, as the government came to realise the scale and nature of the
problems to be tackled and the inadequacies of private and voluntary effort.
Adapted from E Royle, Modern Britain, 1997
Extract B
Many assumed that once a popular vote had been granted in 1867, collectivist social
policies designed to raise living standards and to redistribute wealth would become
inevitable. However, this appears not to have been the case. Gladstone’s governments
concentrated more on political, legal and religious reforms than on social, and Disraeli’s
efforts made little impact. By 1880, the tendency was towards less social intervention in 5
spite of the increase in the electorate. Working men placed less importance on social
reforms than on wage rates and conditions of employment, which were largely regarded
as beyond the control of the government. The most welcome benefits were those
obtained through membership of cooperative societies, friendly societies and
trade unions. 10
Adapted from M Pugh, State and Society, 2008
0 1 With reference to these extracts and your understanding of the historical context, which
of these two extracts provides the more convincing interpretation of social reform in the
years 1868 to 1880?
[25 marks]
IB/M/Jun24/7041/1G
