1ste
semester
Bouwcomfort
Detailleren
2020-2021
,Detailleren
Bouwcomfort
Inhoud
1 Comfortgevoel .......................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Intro ................................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.2 Bouwfysica ....................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 behaaglijkheid.................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.4 energiehuishouding ......................................................................................................................................... 5
1.4.1 hoe hoger isolerende eigensch. → minder warmteverlies ......................................................................... 5
1.5 Bewoonbaarheid ............................................................................................................................................. 5
1.6 Duurzaamheid ................................................................................................................................................. 6
2 Materiaaleigenschappen .......................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.1 Dynamica ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Fysische eigenschappen .................................................................................................................................. 8
2.3 Thermische eigenschappen ............................................................................................................................. 9
2.4 Hygrische eigenschappen .............................................................................................................................. 11
2.5 Vorm stabiliteit .............................................................................................................................................. 13
3 Buiten- en binnen klimaat ....................................................................................................................................... 14
3.1 Buitenklimaat................................................................................................................................................. 14
3.1.1 Luchttemperatuur (θ thèta) ...................................................................................................................... 14
3.1.2 Luchtvochtigheid ....................................................................................................................................... 14
3.1.3 Neerslag..................................................................................................................................................... 14
3.1.4 Windsnelheid, winddruk, windrichting ..................................................................................................... 15
3.2 Binnenklimaat ................................................................................................................................................ 15
3.2.1 De mens..................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.2.2 MET-waarde .............................................................................................................................................. 16
3.2.3 Clo-waarde ................................................................................................................................................ 16
3.2.4 Thermisch comfort .................................................................................................................................... 17
3.2.5 Criterium ................................................................................................................................................... 19
3.2.6 Comfort – discomfort ................................................................................................................................ 20
3.3 Parameters v/h comfort ................................................................................................................................ 23
4 Inleiding tot warmtetransport ................................................................................................................................ 23
4.1 Veel gebruikte eenheden in bouwfysica ....................................................................................................... 23
4.2 Nut warmteverliesberekening ....................................................................................................................... 24
4.3 Warmtetransport – theorie ........................................................................................................................... 26
4.3.1 Faseovergang ............................................................................................................................................ 26
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,Detailleren
4.3.2 geleiding .................................................................................................................................................... 28
4.3.3 Stroming .................................................................................................................................................... 29
4.3.4 Straling ...................................................................................................................................................... 30
5 Lambda- en R- waarde homogene materialen ....................................................................................................... 30
5.1 Warmtetransport doorheen constructies ..................................................................................................... 30
5.1.1 geleiding .................................................................................................................................................... 30
5.1.2 Warmte geleidingscoëfficiënt- Lambda .................................................................................................... 31
5.1.3 Warmtedoorgansweerstand - R ................................................................................................................ 32
5.1.4 Warmtemissievormen – convectie ........................................................................................................... 33
5.1.5 Warmtemissievormen – straling ............................................................................................................... 33
5.2 Warmteoverdracht ........................................................................................................................................ 34
6 Materiaaleigenschappen isolatiematerialen .......................................................................................................... 34
6.1 correcte keuze ............................................................................................................................................... 34
6.1.1 Thermische eigenschappen....................................................................................................................... 35
6.1.2 Technische eigenschappen ....................................................................................................................... 35
6.1.3 Milieu en gezondheid ................................................................................................................................ 35
6.1.4 Economisch ............................................................................................................................................... 36
6.2 soorten isolatie .............................................................................................................................................. 36
6.2.1 Op basis v. nagroeibare, natuurlijke grondstoffen ................................................................................... 36
6.2.2 op basis van mineralen.............................................................................................................................. 39
6.2.3 Petrochemische grondstoffen ................................................................................................................... 41
6.2.4 Innovatieve producten .............................................................................................................................. 43
6.3 Keuze thermische eigenschappen ................................................................................................................. 43
6.4 Milieu en duurzaamheid................................................................................................................................ 45
6.5 Uitvoering ...................................................................................................................................................... 46
7 R-waarden voorgevorderden .................................................................................................................................. 48
7.1 warmtedorgangscoëfficient .......................................................................................................................... 48
7.2 Warmteovergangsweerstand ........................................................................................................................ 49
7.3 Stappenplan: U-waarde berekening – totale R-waarde ................................................................................ 49
7.4 R-waarde luchtlagen ...................................................................................................................................... 50
7.5 Niet homogene materialen ........................................................................................................................... 50
7.6 R-waarde buitenschrijnwerk (ramen & deuren) ........................................................................................... 52
7.7 Homogeen of niet-homogeen? ..................................................................................................................... 53
7.8 Bereken R-totaal ............................................................................................................................................ 53
7.9 Samengestelde delen → rekenen met fracties ............................................................................................. 53
8 U – waarde stappenplan ......................................................................................................................................... 56
8.1 Warmtedoorgangscoëfficient of U-waarde v/e constructiedeel .................................................................. 56
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8.2 Waarom U-waarde? ...................................................................................................................................... 57
9 Temperatuursverloop in een wand ........................................................................................................................ 59
9.1 Temperatuursverloop in de wand – meting – warmte – camera.................................................................. 60
10 Relatieve vochtigheid......................................................................................................................................... 64
10.1 Waterdamp en waterdamptransport ............................................................................................................ 64
10.2 waterdampdiffusie ........................................................................................................................................ 69
11 vochttransport ................................................................................................................................................... 72
11.1 Capillairen ...................................................................................................................................................... 73
12 Condensatie – methode van Glaser ................................................................................................................... 83
12.1 Inwendige condensatie doorheen constructies ............................................................................................ 83
3
semester
Bouwcomfort
Detailleren
2020-2021
,Detailleren
Bouwcomfort
Inhoud
1 Comfortgevoel .......................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Intro ................................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.2 Bouwfysica ....................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 behaaglijkheid.................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.4 energiehuishouding ......................................................................................................................................... 5
1.4.1 hoe hoger isolerende eigensch. → minder warmteverlies ......................................................................... 5
1.5 Bewoonbaarheid ............................................................................................................................................. 5
1.6 Duurzaamheid ................................................................................................................................................. 6
2 Materiaaleigenschappen .......................................................................................................................................... 6
2.1.1 Dynamica ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
2.2 Fysische eigenschappen .................................................................................................................................. 8
2.3 Thermische eigenschappen ............................................................................................................................. 9
2.4 Hygrische eigenschappen .............................................................................................................................. 11
2.5 Vorm stabiliteit .............................................................................................................................................. 13
3 Buiten- en binnen klimaat ....................................................................................................................................... 14
3.1 Buitenklimaat................................................................................................................................................. 14
3.1.1 Luchttemperatuur (θ thèta) ...................................................................................................................... 14
3.1.2 Luchtvochtigheid ....................................................................................................................................... 14
3.1.3 Neerslag..................................................................................................................................................... 14
3.1.4 Windsnelheid, winddruk, windrichting ..................................................................................................... 15
3.2 Binnenklimaat ................................................................................................................................................ 15
3.2.1 De mens..................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.2.2 MET-waarde .............................................................................................................................................. 16
3.2.3 Clo-waarde ................................................................................................................................................ 16
3.2.4 Thermisch comfort .................................................................................................................................... 17
3.2.5 Criterium ................................................................................................................................................... 19
3.2.6 Comfort – discomfort ................................................................................................................................ 20
3.3 Parameters v/h comfort ................................................................................................................................ 23
4 Inleiding tot warmtetransport ................................................................................................................................ 23
4.1 Veel gebruikte eenheden in bouwfysica ....................................................................................................... 23
4.2 Nut warmteverliesberekening ....................................................................................................................... 24
4.3 Warmtetransport – theorie ........................................................................................................................... 26
4.3.1 Faseovergang ............................................................................................................................................ 26
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,Detailleren
4.3.2 geleiding .................................................................................................................................................... 28
4.3.3 Stroming .................................................................................................................................................... 29
4.3.4 Straling ...................................................................................................................................................... 30
5 Lambda- en R- waarde homogene materialen ....................................................................................................... 30
5.1 Warmtetransport doorheen constructies ..................................................................................................... 30
5.1.1 geleiding .................................................................................................................................................... 30
5.1.2 Warmte geleidingscoëfficiënt- Lambda .................................................................................................... 31
5.1.3 Warmtedoorgansweerstand - R ................................................................................................................ 32
5.1.4 Warmtemissievormen – convectie ........................................................................................................... 33
5.1.5 Warmtemissievormen – straling ............................................................................................................... 33
5.2 Warmteoverdracht ........................................................................................................................................ 34
6 Materiaaleigenschappen isolatiematerialen .......................................................................................................... 34
6.1 correcte keuze ............................................................................................................................................... 34
6.1.1 Thermische eigenschappen....................................................................................................................... 35
6.1.2 Technische eigenschappen ....................................................................................................................... 35
6.1.3 Milieu en gezondheid ................................................................................................................................ 35
6.1.4 Economisch ............................................................................................................................................... 36
6.2 soorten isolatie .............................................................................................................................................. 36
6.2.1 Op basis v. nagroeibare, natuurlijke grondstoffen ................................................................................... 36
6.2.2 op basis van mineralen.............................................................................................................................. 39
6.2.3 Petrochemische grondstoffen ................................................................................................................... 41
6.2.4 Innovatieve producten .............................................................................................................................. 43
6.3 Keuze thermische eigenschappen ................................................................................................................. 43
6.4 Milieu en duurzaamheid................................................................................................................................ 45
6.5 Uitvoering ...................................................................................................................................................... 46
7 R-waarden voorgevorderden .................................................................................................................................. 48
7.1 warmtedorgangscoëfficient .......................................................................................................................... 48
7.2 Warmteovergangsweerstand ........................................................................................................................ 49
7.3 Stappenplan: U-waarde berekening – totale R-waarde ................................................................................ 49
7.4 R-waarde luchtlagen ...................................................................................................................................... 50
7.5 Niet homogene materialen ........................................................................................................................... 50
7.6 R-waarde buitenschrijnwerk (ramen & deuren) ........................................................................................... 52
7.7 Homogeen of niet-homogeen? ..................................................................................................................... 53
7.8 Bereken R-totaal ............................................................................................................................................ 53
7.9 Samengestelde delen → rekenen met fracties ............................................................................................. 53
8 U – waarde stappenplan ......................................................................................................................................... 56
8.1 Warmtedoorgangscoëfficient of U-waarde v/e constructiedeel .................................................................. 56
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8.2 Waarom U-waarde? ...................................................................................................................................... 57
9 Temperatuursverloop in een wand ........................................................................................................................ 59
9.1 Temperatuursverloop in de wand – meting – warmte – camera.................................................................. 60
10 Relatieve vochtigheid......................................................................................................................................... 64
10.1 Waterdamp en waterdamptransport ............................................................................................................ 64
10.2 waterdampdiffusie ........................................................................................................................................ 69
11 vochttransport ................................................................................................................................................... 72
11.1 Capillairen ...................................................................................................................................................... 73
12 Condensatie – methode van Glaser ................................................................................................................... 83
12.1 Inwendige condensatie doorheen constructies ............................................................................................ 83
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