HUMAN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM #1
STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
frequency of acute illnesses ________ with age - Answer-decreases
frequency of chronic illnesses _______ with age - Answer-increases
gross examination - Answer-autopsy
microscopic examination - Answer-biopsy
clinical pathology - Answer-study of the functional aspects of disease by laboratory
study
clinical pathology tests - Answer-issue, blood, urine
diagnostic test - Answer-establish presence of absence of disease
qualitative test - Answer-positive or negative
quantitative test - Answer-test results are numerical
abnormal range for tests is ____ standard deviations away from mean - Answer-2
greater variance from normal --> _____ likely disease is present - Answer-more
test - Answer-analysis of specimen
procedure - Answer-manipulation of patient
example of a functional disease - Answer-HTN
sore throat (sign or symptom) - Answer-symptom
fever (sign or symptom) - Answer-sign
screening test - Answer-NOT DIAGNOSTIC, attempt to discover disease before it
manifests (pt is asymptomatic0
intraobserver reliability - Answer-same person doing the test gets the same results each
time
, interobserver reliability - Answer-two people doing the test get similar results
validity - Answer-measures what it intends to measure
sensitivity - Answer-positive in the presence of disease
specificity - Answer-negative in the absence of disease
screening tests are usually highly (sensitive/specific)? - Answer-sensitive
diagnostic tests are usually highly (sensitive/specific) - Answer-specific
positive predictive value - Answer-true positives / (total positives)
negative predictive value - Answer-true negatives / (total negatives)
treatment - Answer-procedures for the cure or reduction of symptoms of a disease
palliative - Answer-relieve and manage symptoms
structural disease affects _______ - Answer-anatomy
functional disease affects _______ - Answer-physiology
stem cell types - Answer-totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent
totipotent - Answer-can become any cell in the body AND an organism
pluripotent - Answer-can become any cell in the body
multipotent - Answer-can become a limited amount of cell types
embryonic stem cells - Answer-pluripotent
adult stem cells - Answer-progenitor cells
progenitor cells - Answer-between a stem cell and final result cell
pluripotent cells come from - Answer-the inner cell mass of a blastocyst
embryonic stem cells come from - Answer-"leftover" embryos after IVF
pluripotent stem cells differentiate into these tissues - Answer-ectoderm, mesoderm,
endoderm
ectoderm - Answer-skin
STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
frequency of acute illnesses ________ with age - Answer-decreases
frequency of chronic illnesses _______ with age - Answer-increases
gross examination - Answer-autopsy
microscopic examination - Answer-biopsy
clinical pathology - Answer-study of the functional aspects of disease by laboratory
study
clinical pathology tests - Answer-issue, blood, urine
diagnostic test - Answer-establish presence of absence of disease
qualitative test - Answer-positive or negative
quantitative test - Answer-test results are numerical
abnormal range for tests is ____ standard deviations away from mean - Answer-2
greater variance from normal --> _____ likely disease is present - Answer-more
test - Answer-analysis of specimen
procedure - Answer-manipulation of patient
example of a functional disease - Answer-HTN
sore throat (sign or symptom) - Answer-symptom
fever (sign or symptom) - Answer-sign
screening test - Answer-NOT DIAGNOSTIC, attempt to discover disease before it
manifests (pt is asymptomatic0
intraobserver reliability - Answer-same person doing the test gets the same results each
time
, interobserver reliability - Answer-two people doing the test get similar results
validity - Answer-measures what it intends to measure
sensitivity - Answer-positive in the presence of disease
specificity - Answer-negative in the absence of disease
screening tests are usually highly (sensitive/specific)? - Answer-sensitive
diagnostic tests are usually highly (sensitive/specific) - Answer-specific
positive predictive value - Answer-true positives / (total positives)
negative predictive value - Answer-true negatives / (total negatives)
treatment - Answer-procedures for the cure or reduction of symptoms of a disease
palliative - Answer-relieve and manage symptoms
structural disease affects _______ - Answer-anatomy
functional disease affects _______ - Answer-physiology
stem cell types - Answer-totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent
totipotent - Answer-can become any cell in the body AND an organism
pluripotent - Answer-can become any cell in the body
multipotent - Answer-can become a limited amount of cell types
embryonic stem cells - Answer-pluripotent
adult stem cells - Answer-progenitor cells
progenitor cells - Answer-between a stem cell and final result cell
pluripotent cells come from - Answer-the inner cell mass of a blastocyst
embryonic stem cells come from - Answer-"leftover" embryos after IVF
pluripotent stem cells differentiate into these tissues - Answer-ectoderm, mesoderm,
endoderm
ectoderm - Answer-skin
