LPN N154 IV Therapy UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
(Ch 01 Quiz) 1. What percentage of body weight is attributed to ECF?
A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 20%
D. 40% - CORRECT ANSWER - C. 20%
• ECF makes up about 20% of body weight.
(Ch 01 Quiz) 2. Which type of solution raises serum osmolarity and pulls fluid and electrolytes
from the intracellular and interstitial
compartments into the intravascular compartment?
A. Isotonic
B. Solvent
C. Hypotonic
D. Hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWER - D. Hypertonic
• The higher osmolarity of hypertonic solutions draws
fluid into the intravascular compartment.
(Ch 01 Quiz) 3. Which electrolyte participates in neurotransmitter release at
synapses?
A. Calcium
B. Magnesium
C. Phosphorus
D. Chloride - CORRECT ANSWER - A. Calcium
• Calcium participates in neurotransmitter release at synapses.
,(Ch 01 Quiz) 4. Intravascular infections can be prevented by which of the following precautions?
A. Securing the venous access device with gauze
B. Changing insertion sites according to facility policy
C. Applying the tourniquet 6" to 8" (15 to 20 cm) above the insertion site
D. Washing your hands after inserting the device - CORRECT ANSWER - B. Changing
insertion sites according to facility policy
• Intravascular infection can be prevented by alternating insertion sites.
(Ch 01 Quiz) 5. When capillary blood pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure:
A. water and diffusible solutes leave the capillaries and circulate into the ISF.
B. water and diffusible solutes return to the capillaries.
C. there's no change.
D. intake and output are affected. - CORRECT ANSWER - A. water and diffusible solutes
leave the capillaries and circulate into the ISF.
• When capillary blood pressure exceeds colloid
osmotic pressure, water and diffusible solutes leave the capillaries and circulate into the ISF.
When capillary blood pressure falls below colloid osmotic pressure, water and diffusible solutes
return to the capillaries.
(Ch 04 Quiz) 1. I.V. medication may be indicated when:
A. the patient needs a slower therapeutic effect.
B. the medication can't be absorbed by the GI tract.
C. the medication given orally is stable in gastric juices.
D. the medication isn't irritating to muscle tissues. - CORRECT ANSWER - B. the
medication can't be absorbed by the GI tract.
• I.V. medication has a rapid effect and may be indicated if the medication can't be absorbed by
the GI tract, is unstable in gastric juices, or causes pain or tissue damage when given I.M. or
subQ.
,(Ch 04 Quiz) 2. What's the preferred route of medication in emergencies?
A. I.V.
B. SubQ
C. I.M.
D. Oral - CORRECT ANSWER - A. I.V.
• The I.V. route allows therapeutic levels to be achieved rapidly.
(Ch 04 Quiz) 3. Loading dose, lock-out interval, and maintenance doses are
basic to:
A. I.V. therapy.
B. PCA therapy.
C. continuous I.V. morphine drips.
D. TPN. - CORRECT ANSWER - B. PCA therapy.
• These concepts are basic to PCA therapy.
(Ch 04 Quiz) 4. A patient receiving I.V. therapy has redness at the I.V. site. The patient denies
feeling pain at the area. These findings suggest what degree of phlebitis?
A. 4+
B. 3+
C. 2+
D. 1+ - CORRECT ANSWER - D. 1+
• According to the Intravenous Nurses Society Revised Standards of Practice, phlebitis that
involves erythema with or without pain is classified as 1+.
(Ch 04 Quiz) 5. Elderly patients are more prone to which complications of
I.V. therapy?
A. Hypersensitivity
B. Phlebitis
C. Infection
, D. Extravasation - CORRECT ANSWER - B. Phlebitis
• Because many elderly patients have fragile veins,
they're more prone to phlebitis and infiltration.
(Ch 04 Quiz) 6. The one way to prevent extravasation is by:
A. using a high-pressure pump to infuse vesicants.
B. using a small vein to insert the access device.
C. using a gauze dressing over the insertion site.
D. using an existing I.V. catheter only after patency has been assured. - CORRECT
ANSWER - D. using an existing I.V. catheter only after patency has been assured.
• An existing I.V. catheter should only be used after its patency has been assessed. If the catheter
isn't patent, perform a new venipuncture to ensure correct catheter placement and vein patency.
(Ch 01 Review) Objectives of I.V. therapy: - CORRECT ANSWER - • To restore and
maintain fluid and electrolyte balance
• To provide medications and chemotherapeutic agents
• To transfuse blood and blood products
• To deliver parenteral nutrients and nutritional supplements
(Ch 01 Review) Benefits of I.V. therapy: - CORRECT ANSWER - • Administers fluids,
drugs, nutrients, and other solutions when a patient can't take oral substances
• Allows for more accurate dosing
• Allows medication to reach the bloodstream immediately
(Ch 01 Review) Risks of I.V. therapy: - CORRECT ANSWER - • Blood vessel damage
• Infiltration
• Infection
• Overdose
• Incompatibility of drugs and solutions when mixed
Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
(Ch 01 Quiz) 1. What percentage of body weight is attributed to ECF?
A. 5%
B. 10%
C. 20%
D. 40% - CORRECT ANSWER - C. 20%
• ECF makes up about 20% of body weight.
(Ch 01 Quiz) 2. Which type of solution raises serum osmolarity and pulls fluid and electrolytes
from the intracellular and interstitial
compartments into the intravascular compartment?
A. Isotonic
B. Solvent
C. Hypotonic
D. Hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWER - D. Hypertonic
• The higher osmolarity of hypertonic solutions draws
fluid into the intravascular compartment.
(Ch 01 Quiz) 3. Which electrolyte participates in neurotransmitter release at
synapses?
A. Calcium
B. Magnesium
C. Phosphorus
D. Chloride - CORRECT ANSWER - A. Calcium
• Calcium participates in neurotransmitter release at synapses.
,(Ch 01 Quiz) 4. Intravascular infections can be prevented by which of the following precautions?
A. Securing the venous access device with gauze
B. Changing insertion sites according to facility policy
C. Applying the tourniquet 6" to 8" (15 to 20 cm) above the insertion site
D. Washing your hands after inserting the device - CORRECT ANSWER - B. Changing
insertion sites according to facility policy
• Intravascular infection can be prevented by alternating insertion sites.
(Ch 01 Quiz) 5. When capillary blood pressure exceeds colloid osmotic pressure:
A. water and diffusible solutes leave the capillaries and circulate into the ISF.
B. water and diffusible solutes return to the capillaries.
C. there's no change.
D. intake and output are affected. - CORRECT ANSWER - A. water and diffusible solutes
leave the capillaries and circulate into the ISF.
• When capillary blood pressure exceeds colloid
osmotic pressure, water and diffusible solutes leave the capillaries and circulate into the ISF.
When capillary blood pressure falls below colloid osmotic pressure, water and diffusible solutes
return to the capillaries.
(Ch 04 Quiz) 1. I.V. medication may be indicated when:
A. the patient needs a slower therapeutic effect.
B. the medication can't be absorbed by the GI tract.
C. the medication given orally is stable in gastric juices.
D. the medication isn't irritating to muscle tissues. - CORRECT ANSWER - B. the
medication can't be absorbed by the GI tract.
• I.V. medication has a rapid effect and may be indicated if the medication can't be absorbed by
the GI tract, is unstable in gastric juices, or causes pain or tissue damage when given I.M. or
subQ.
,(Ch 04 Quiz) 2. What's the preferred route of medication in emergencies?
A. I.V.
B. SubQ
C. I.M.
D. Oral - CORRECT ANSWER - A. I.V.
• The I.V. route allows therapeutic levels to be achieved rapidly.
(Ch 04 Quiz) 3. Loading dose, lock-out interval, and maintenance doses are
basic to:
A. I.V. therapy.
B. PCA therapy.
C. continuous I.V. morphine drips.
D. TPN. - CORRECT ANSWER - B. PCA therapy.
• These concepts are basic to PCA therapy.
(Ch 04 Quiz) 4. A patient receiving I.V. therapy has redness at the I.V. site. The patient denies
feeling pain at the area. These findings suggest what degree of phlebitis?
A. 4+
B. 3+
C. 2+
D. 1+ - CORRECT ANSWER - D. 1+
• According to the Intravenous Nurses Society Revised Standards of Practice, phlebitis that
involves erythema with or without pain is classified as 1+.
(Ch 04 Quiz) 5. Elderly patients are more prone to which complications of
I.V. therapy?
A. Hypersensitivity
B. Phlebitis
C. Infection
, D. Extravasation - CORRECT ANSWER - B. Phlebitis
• Because many elderly patients have fragile veins,
they're more prone to phlebitis and infiltration.
(Ch 04 Quiz) 6. The one way to prevent extravasation is by:
A. using a high-pressure pump to infuse vesicants.
B. using a small vein to insert the access device.
C. using a gauze dressing over the insertion site.
D. using an existing I.V. catheter only after patency has been assured. - CORRECT
ANSWER - D. using an existing I.V. catheter only after patency has been assured.
• An existing I.V. catheter should only be used after its patency has been assessed. If the catheter
isn't patent, perform a new venipuncture to ensure correct catheter placement and vein patency.
(Ch 01 Review) Objectives of I.V. therapy: - CORRECT ANSWER - • To restore and
maintain fluid and electrolyte balance
• To provide medications and chemotherapeutic agents
• To transfuse blood and blood products
• To deliver parenteral nutrients and nutritional supplements
(Ch 01 Review) Benefits of I.V. therapy: - CORRECT ANSWER - • Administers fluids,
drugs, nutrients, and other solutions when a patient can't take oral substances
• Allows for more accurate dosing
• Allows medication to reach the bloodstream immediately
(Ch 01 Review) Risks of I.V. therapy: - CORRECT ANSWER - • Blood vessel damage
• Infiltration
• Infection
• Overdose
• Incompatibility of drugs and solutions when mixed
