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Samenvatting les 6 - Chemisch evenwicht

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Deze samenvatting omvat: Evenwichtstoestand Evenwichtsconstante Activiteit Evenwichtsconstante en kinetiek De Kp Toepassingen van het chemisch evenwicht Le Châtelier

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January 13, 2025
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Written in
2023/2024
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Chemisch evenwicht

1. Evenwichtstoestand
● w bereikt wnr vf = vr (met vf = vormingsv en vr = vervalv)
● Dynamische evenwichtstoestand op te wnr concentraties aan A2, B2 en AB niet ∆

2. Evenwichtsconstante
𝑐 𝑑
[𝐶] [𝐷]
● K= 𝑎 𝑏
[𝐴] [𝐵]
● vr/e bep chemisch systeem EN een bep T geldt dezelfde evenwichtsconditie
ongeacht de begintoestand vh systeem

3. Activiteit
● tss vierkante haken ≠ concentraties, wel activiteit
● vr waterige opls: alle activiteit en cocentratie bij evenwicht
𝑐𝐶 𝑐 𝑐𝐷 𝑑
𝑐 𝑑
(𝑎𝐶) . (𝑎𝐷) ( 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝐿 ) . ( 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝐿 )
○ KC = 𝑎 𝑏 = 𝑎 𝑏
(𝑎𝐴) . (𝑎𝐵) 𝑐𝐴 𝑐𝐵
( 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝐿 ) . ( 1 𝑚𝑜𝑙/𝐿 )

● vr gasmengsels bij evenwichtsdruk
𝑃𝐶 𝑐 𝑃𝐷 𝑑
𝑐 𝑑
(𝑎𝐶) . (𝑎𝐷) ( 1 𝑏𝑎𝑟 ) . ( 1 𝑏𝑎𝑟 )
○ KP = 𝑎 𝑏 = 𝑎 𝑏
(𝑎𝐴) . (𝑎𝐵) 𝑃𝐴 𝑃𝐵
( 1 𝑏𝑎𝑟 ) . ( 1 𝑏𝑎𝑟 )

4. Evenwichtsconstante en kinetiek
𝑘𝑣𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑤𝑎𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑠
● K=
𝑘𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑢𝑔
● A2 (g) + B2 (g) → 2AB (g)
○ v = kvoorwaarts 𝐴2 𝐵2 [ ][ ]
2
○ v = kterug [𝐴𝐵]

2
○ [ ][ ]
Bij evenwicht: kvoorwaarts 𝐴2 𝐵2 = kterug [𝐴𝐵]
𝑘𝑣𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑤𝑎𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑠 [𝐴𝐵]
2
○ =
𝑘𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑢𝑔 [ ][ ]
𝐴2 𝐵2
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