©EVERLY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Caring for Clients with Neurologic Disorders
Timby Chapter 37 Exam Questions And
Answers (Guaranteed A+)
Increased Intracranial Pressure-
Cranium:
% brain
% blood
% cerebrospinal fluid - Answer✔80% Brain
10% Blood
10% Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Monro-Kellie Hypothesis - Answer✔if one or more cranium contents increase significantly
without a decreased in either or both of the other two, incranial pressure becomes elevated.
Values to Know
- Normals:
Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Answer✔5-15 mmHg
-if gets to high blood flow will stop to the brain
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) - Answer✔-70 mmHg - 100 mmHg
- keeps brain at proper pressure
How do we calculate CPP?? - Answer✔-CPP = MAP - ICP
- MAP = 2DBP + SBP / 3
what if CPP is too high?
what if too low? - Answer✔- cause edema and swelling- H
- not enough oxygen
Normal ICP
Pathophysiology
1|Page
, ©EVERLY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
- What impacts ICP? - Answer✔-Autoregulation
- compensation: if oxygen drops then vessels in brain to dilate. if the pressure is high it will
constrict.
Increased ICP (IICP)
-Pathophysiology - Answer✔-Failure of autoregulation and compensation mechanisms
- Leads to herniates through foramen magnum respiration, hr, bp and the functions of descending
and ascending nerve fibers affects
Signs and Symptoms
o Early of ICP - Answer✔- drowsiness, difficult to awaken
- restlessness
- confusion
- irritability
- Glasgow coma scale > 13
- personality changes
- sluggish/ unequal pupil response
- weakness in arm/ legs
- slow/ slurred speech
- dull headache, especially upon awakening
- vomiting w/o nausea
pupiledema: swelling of the optic nerve. pupil response is unequal. one becomes sluggishly and
the other becomes fixed and dilated
late signs of ICP - Answer✔- unresponsive
- Glasgow coma <12
- decreased response to painful stimuli
-decorticate or decerebrate posturing
- increased weakness or hemiparesis
- dilated pupil
- seizures
- crushing Triad: bradycardia, elevated systolic bp with wide pulse pressure, irregular breathing
- loss of gag and corneal reflexes
2|Page
Caring for Clients with Neurologic Disorders
Timby Chapter 37 Exam Questions And
Answers (Guaranteed A+)
Increased Intracranial Pressure-
Cranium:
% brain
% blood
% cerebrospinal fluid - Answer✔80% Brain
10% Blood
10% Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
Monro-Kellie Hypothesis - Answer✔if one or more cranium contents increase significantly
without a decreased in either or both of the other two, incranial pressure becomes elevated.
Values to Know
- Normals:
Intracranial Pressure (ICP) - Answer✔5-15 mmHg
-if gets to high blood flow will stop to the brain
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) - Answer✔-70 mmHg - 100 mmHg
- keeps brain at proper pressure
How do we calculate CPP?? - Answer✔-CPP = MAP - ICP
- MAP = 2DBP + SBP / 3
what if CPP is too high?
what if too low? - Answer✔- cause edema and swelling- H
- not enough oxygen
Normal ICP
Pathophysiology
1|Page
, ©EVERLY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
- What impacts ICP? - Answer✔-Autoregulation
- compensation: if oxygen drops then vessels in brain to dilate. if the pressure is high it will
constrict.
Increased ICP (IICP)
-Pathophysiology - Answer✔-Failure of autoregulation and compensation mechanisms
- Leads to herniates through foramen magnum respiration, hr, bp and the functions of descending
and ascending nerve fibers affects
Signs and Symptoms
o Early of ICP - Answer✔- drowsiness, difficult to awaken
- restlessness
- confusion
- irritability
- Glasgow coma scale > 13
- personality changes
- sluggish/ unequal pupil response
- weakness in arm/ legs
- slow/ slurred speech
- dull headache, especially upon awakening
- vomiting w/o nausea
pupiledema: swelling of the optic nerve. pupil response is unequal. one becomes sluggishly and
the other becomes fixed and dilated
late signs of ICP - Answer✔- unresponsive
- Glasgow coma <12
- decreased response to painful stimuli
-decorticate or decerebrate posturing
- increased weakness or hemiparesis
- dilated pupil
- seizures
- crushing Triad: bradycardia, elevated systolic bp with wide pulse pressure, irregular breathing
- loss of gag and corneal reflexes
2|Page
