CARN-AP 2nd Exam Study Guide Questions
and Answers with Verified Solutions 2025
Babies born to mothers who use opioids may need treatment with what?
________ can be used adjunctively to treat withdrawal seizures. - Correct Ans-
morphine or methadone
Phenobarbital
Which Neonatal withdrawal syndromes may present weeks after birth? Name the drug. -
Correct Ans-Methadone
_________ is a safe and effective second-line treatment of symptoms refractory to
opioid therapy in newborns - Correct Ans-Clonidine
The patient must first be detoxified from opioid dependence before starting _______
Long acting opioids, such as methadone, require at least how many hours since last
use before initiating buprenorphine?
Short acting opioids (for example, heroin) require approximately ____ hours since last
use for sufficient withdrawal to occur in order to safely initiate treatment. - Correct Ans-
naltrexone.
48-72
12
Patients with _______ _________ syndrome often present with abdominal pain and
nausea, which may be refractory to standard antiemetics - Correct Ans-cannabis
hyperemesis
Patients with injection drug abuse are most likely to have _____sided bacterial
endocarditis.
_______ should be used empirically, which can be switched to _______ if MRSA
infection is confirmed. - Correct Ans-right
Vancomycin; nafcillin
Marijuana use can be detected in the urine up to ___days after exposure for infrequent
users and up to ____ days for chronic or heavy users. - Correct Ans-5
15
The _______ _______ is involved in the sense of reward from cocaine use. - Correct
Ans-nucleus accumbens
,Symptomatic treatment in opioid withdrawal includes:
- ________ for diarrhea
- ______ for nausea and vomiting
- ________for myalgia - Correct Ans-loperamide
promethazine
ibuprofen
Holiday heart syndrome is a syndrome caused by excessive ______ use. Excessive
alcohol use results in gross and microscopic cardiac changes leading to an atrial
_______ - Correct Ans-alcohol
arrhythmia.
Aerosolized glycerol and propylene glycol, chemicals found in vape pens have been
associated with focal _______ _______ of the upper airways - Correct Ans-squamous
metaplasia
Substance use disorder refers to the excessive use of drugs that tend to activate which
of the following portions of the brain? - Correct Ans-Brain reward system
In the center of the brain behind the temporal lobe sits the ______ system, which
controls our emotions, instincts, and memories, and includes the brain's ______ system.
The main job of the________ system is to help us avoid harmful/painful experiences
and to makes us feel good when we engage in behaviors necessary for our survival -
Correct Ans-LIMBIC
REWARD
reward
A 22-year-old woman is brought into the emergency department by EMS with a blood
pressure of 180/102 mmHg and heart rate of 110/min. She is agitated and appears to
have paranoid delusions of people chasing her. Her behavior is hypersexual, and her
speech is incoherent. Psychomotor agitation is present. Which of the following
substances is most likely to cause the patient's presentation? - Correct Ans-
Methamphetamine
_________ therapy- patients with depression.
________ therapy- employed in SUD.
__________ therapy- patients with BiP and SUD
________ ________- PTSD & SUD - Correct Ans-Interpersonal
Supportive
Integrated
Seeking safety
Cocaine blocks the reuptake of what 3 NT? - Correct Ans-dopamine, NE, and serotonin
at the synapse.
, The vasoconstriction experienced while on cocaine is caused by what NT? - Correct
Ans-increase in NE
PCP
(Name 3) reuptake is blocked
What 3 receptor stimulation NTs are increased:
Out of the 3 which one leads to lethargy and coma - Correct Ans-Dopamine & NE,
serotonin
Acetylcholine, GABA, Sigma
Sigma
The inhibitory reuptake of dopamine and NE while someone is on PCP leads to: -
Correct Ans-HTN/tachy
agitation
bronchodilation
Relapse is most likely to occur at the _______stages of recovery. - Correct Ans-early
What happens when one person enables another person's addictions? - Correct Ans-
Co-dependency
The comorbidity of personality disorders with panic disorder is strongly associated with
_______ attempts - Correct Ans-suicide
Serotonin syndrome is caused by toxic levels of serotonin. It presents with: SHIVERS
- _________
- Hyperreflexia/clonus
- Increase temp
- Vital signs (HTN/HR)
- Encephalopathy (______)
- _________
- S___________
dilated pupils and diarrhea(DD) - Correct Ans-Shivers
AMS
Restlessness
sweating
Serotonergic drugs include: - Correct Ans-triptans
MAOIs
TCA
buspirone
and Answers with Verified Solutions 2025
Babies born to mothers who use opioids may need treatment with what?
________ can be used adjunctively to treat withdrawal seizures. - Correct Ans-
morphine or methadone
Phenobarbital
Which Neonatal withdrawal syndromes may present weeks after birth? Name the drug. -
Correct Ans-Methadone
_________ is a safe and effective second-line treatment of symptoms refractory to
opioid therapy in newborns - Correct Ans-Clonidine
The patient must first be detoxified from opioid dependence before starting _______
Long acting opioids, such as methadone, require at least how many hours since last
use before initiating buprenorphine?
Short acting opioids (for example, heroin) require approximately ____ hours since last
use for sufficient withdrawal to occur in order to safely initiate treatment. - Correct Ans-
naltrexone.
48-72
12
Patients with _______ _________ syndrome often present with abdominal pain and
nausea, which may be refractory to standard antiemetics - Correct Ans-cannabis
hyperemesis
Patients with injection drug abuse are most likely to have _____sided bacterial
endocarditis.
_______ should be used empirically, which can be switched to _______ if MRSA
infection is confirmed. - Correct Ans-right
Vancomycin; nafcillin
Marijuana use can be detected in the urine up to ___days after exposure for infrequent
users and up to ____ days for chronic or heavy users. - Correct Ans-5
15
The _______ _______ is involved in the sense of reward from cocaine use. - Correct
Ans-nucleus accumbens
,Symptomatic treatment in opioid withdrawal includes:
- ________ for diarrhea
- ______ for nausea and vomiting
- ________for myalgia - Correct Ans-loperamide
promethazine
ibuprofen
Holiday heart syndrome is a syndrome caused by excessive ______ use. Excessive
alcohol use results in gross and microscopic cardiac changes leading to an atrial
_______ - Correct Ans-alcohol
arrhythmia.
Aerosolized glycerol and propylene glycol, chemicals found in vape pens have been
associated with focal _______ _______ of the upper airways - Correct Ans-squamous
metaplasia
Substance use disorder refers to the excessive use of drugs that tend to activate which
of the following portions of the brain? - Correct Ans-Brain reward system
In the center of the brain behind the temporal lobe sits the ______ system, which
controls our emotions, instincts, and memories, and includes the brain's ______ system.
The main job of the________ system is to help us avoid harmful/painful experiences
and to makes us feel good when we engage in behaviors necessary for our survival -
Correct Ans-LIMBIC
REWARD
reward
A 22-year-old woman is brought into the emergency department by EMS with a blood
pressure of 180/102 mmHg and heart rate of 110/min. She is agitated and appears to
have paranoid delusions of people chasing her. Her behavior is hypersexual, and her
speech is incoherent. Psychomotor agitation is present. Which of the following
substances is most likely to cause the patient's presentation? - Correct Ans-
Methamphetamine
_________ therapy- patients with depression.
________ therapy- employed in SUD.
__________ therapy- patients with BiP and SUD
________ ________- PTSD & SUD - Correct Ans-Interpersonal
Supportive
Integrated
Seeking safety
Cocaine blocks the reuptake of what 3 NT? - Correct Ans-dopamine, NE, and serotonin
at the synapse.
, The vasoconstriction experienced while on cocaine is caused by what NT? - Correct
Ans-increase in NE
PCP
(Name 3) reuptake is blocked
What 3 receptor stimulation NTs are increased:
Out of the 3 which one leads to lethargy and coma - Correct Ans-Dopamine & NE,
serotonin
Acetylcholine, GABA, Sigma
Sigma
The inhibitory reuptake of dopamine and NE while someone is on PCP leads to: -
Correct Ans-HTN/tachy
agitation
bronchodilation
Relapse is most likely to occur at the _______stages of recovery. - Correct Ans-early
What happens when one person enables another person's addictions? - Correct Ans-
Co-dependency
The comorbidity of personality disorders with panic disorder is strongly associated with
_______ attempts - Correct Ans-suicide
Serotonin syndrome is caused by toxic levels of serotonin. It presents with: SHIVERS
- _________
- Hyperreflexia/clonus
- Increase temp
- Vital signs (HTN/HR)
- Encephalopathy (______)
- _________
- S___________
dilated pupils and diarrhea(DD) - Correct Ans-Shivers
AMS
Restlessness
sweating
Serotonergic drugs include: - Correct Ans-triptans
MAOIs
TCA
buspirone
