Introduction to Biological
Anthropology Exam 3 Questions
and Answers 100% Pass
James Hutton - ✔✔Father of modern geology
Strata - ✔✔layers of earth
older layers at the bottom
layer "cutting through" horizontal layers are newer
Uniformitarianism - ✔✔natural processes as slow and uniform
William "Strata" Smith - ✔✔identified different strata across England and Wales
Principle of Faunal Succession - ✔✔fossils follow each other through different strata,
indicating a succession through time.
older fossils found in lower strata
Body fossil - ✔✔mineralized bones
impressions of soft body parts
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,Trace fossils - ✔✔footprints
burrows
coprolite (dung)
Ideal fossilization conditions - ✔✔low acidic soil (shallow lake)
few micro organisms (bog)
dry (mountain top, desert)
sedimentation to bury body (air, volcano, water)
Earth's age - ✔✔4.6 billion years
Life on Earth age - ✔✔3.5 billion year
Precambrian era - ✔✔4.6 bya to 550 mya
Paleozoic era - ✔✔570 mya to 230 mya
early life
mesozoic era - ✔✔230 mya to 66 mya
middle life
age of dinosaurs
first birds and mammals
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, Cenozoic era - ✔✔66 mya to present
new life
age of mammals
K-T boundary -> extinction of dinosaurs
7 Epochs of the Cenozoic - ✔✔Paleocene
Eocene
Oligocene
Miocene
Pliocene
Pleistocene
Holocene
Paleocene - ✔✔66 mya
origin of primates
Eocene - ✔✔56 mya
adaptive radiation of true primates
Oligocene - ✔✔34 mya
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 3
Anthropology Exam 3 Questions
and Answers 100% Pass
James Hutton - ✔✔Father of modern geology
Strata - ✔✔layers of earth
older layers at the bottom
layer "cutting through" horizontal layers are newer
Uniformitarianism - ✔✔natural processes as slow and uniform
William "Strata" Smith - ✔✔identified different strata across England and Wales
Principle of Faunal Succession - ✔✔fossils follow each other through different strata,
indicating a succession through time.
older fossils found in lower strata
Body fossil - ✔✔mineralized bones
impressions of soft body parts
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 1
,Trace fossils - ✔✔footprints
burrows
coprolite (dung)
Ideal fossilization conditions - ✔✔low acidic soil (shallow lake)
few micro organisms (bog)
dry (mountain top, desert)
sedimentation to bury body (air, volcano, water)
Earth's age - ✔✔4.6 billion years
Life on Earth age - ✔✔3.5 billion year
Precambrian era - ✔✔4.6 bya to 550 mya
Paleozoic era - ✔✔570 mya to 230 mya
early life
mesozoic era - ✔✔230 mya to 66 mya
middle life
age of dinosaurs
first birds and mammals
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 2
, Cenozoic era - ✔✔66 mya to present
new life
age of mammals
K-T boundary -> extinction of dinosaurs
7 Epochs of the Cenozoic - ✔✔Paleocene
Eocene
Oligocene
Miocene
Pliocene
Pleistocene
Holocene
Paleocene - ✔✔66 mya
origin of primates
Eocene - ✔✔56 mya
adaptive radiation of true primates
Oligocene - ✔✔34 mya
Emily Charlene © All Rights Reserved 2025. 3
