BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 2025 With Correct Answers.

BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 2025 With
Correct Answers




epithelial tissue characteristics - correct answer lines body surfaces
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internal and external surfaces
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Endothelial tissue characteristics - correct answer lines body surfaces
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lines internal surfaces of the circulatory system
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single squamous shape
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- damaged endothelial cells release substances that cause blood vessels to constrict
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Capillaries - correct answer single layer of endothelium
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width of one blood cell
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easy exchange of nutrients and oxygen into the tissues and the removal of waste products
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Atherosclerosis (what it is) - correct answer condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on the inner
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walls of the arteries
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Atherosclerosis (process) - correct answer 1. LDL's (transport fats) get stuck in the tears in the wall lining
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, 2. White blood cells sent and ate LDL's and die
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3. This cycle continues creating a blockage of plaque overtime, restricting blood flow
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Atherosclerosis (risk factors) - correct answer smoking l l l l l l l




high blood pressure
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obesity l




overconsumption of alcohol l l




Atherosclerosis (effects) - correct answer - reduction of lumen diameter due to the plaque l l l l l l l l l l l l l




- cholesterol attaches to the inside of a blood vessel
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- causes a higher blood pressure as the linen diameter decreases
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Squamous Epithelium - correct answer - found in the alveoli l l l l l l l l l




- one cell thick which facilitates gas exchange
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- allows materials to pass through by diffusion
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- short diffusion pathways
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- cells are thin and flat
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- blood supply
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Columnar Epithelial Tissue - correct answer - found in the trachea next to the goblet cells
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- goblet cells secrete mucus which traps viruses and unwanted substances and sweeps them away
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Specialised cells - correct answer cells designed to conduct a particular role in the body (e.g., sperm cells, root
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hair cells, palisade mesophyll cells, nerve cells)
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Root hair cells - correct answer - found on the roots of plants
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- contain cell membrane channels and carrier proteins to enable ions to cross membrane
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- the cell membrane is semi-permeable to water
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- have mitochondria to provide ATP for active transport of ions
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