NSG 124 Pharmacology (HU) Midterms Exam Qns & And 2025.

NSG 124

Pharmacology

Midterms Exam (Qns & Ans)

2025



1. Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of
beta-blockers?
- a) Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
- b) Blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors
- c) Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors
- d) Inhibition of calcium channels
- ANS: b) Blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors
- Rationale: Beta-blockers work by blocking beta-adrenergic
receptors, which reduces heart rate and blood pressure.


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,2. Which of the following is a common side effect of opioid
analgesics?
- a) Hypertension
- b) Constipation
- c) Diarrhea
- d) Tachycardia
- ANS: b) Constipation
- Rationale: Opioid analgesics commonly cause constipation
due to their effect on the gastrointestinal tract.


3. Which enzyme is responsible for the metabolism of many
drugs in the liver?
- a) Amylase
- b) Lipase
- c) Cytochrome P450
- d) Pepsin
- ANS: c) Cytochrome P450
- Rationale: The cytochrome P450 enzyme system is
responsible for the metabolism of many drugs in the liver.


4. Which of the following is an example of a loop diuretic?
- a) Hydrochlorothiazide
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, - b) Furosemide
- c) Spironolactone
- d) Amiloride
- ANS: b) Furosemide
- Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by
inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the loop of
Henle.


5. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of
aminoglycoside antibiotics?
- a) Hepatotoxicity
- b) Nephrotoxicity
- c) Hypoglycemia
- d) Hyperkalemia
- ANS: b) Nephrotoxicity
- Rationale: Aminoglycoside antibiotics can cause
nephrotoxicity, which is damage to the kidneys.


Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
6. __________ is a medication used to reverse the effects of
opioid overdose.
- ANS: Naloxone
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