BIOS 255- Week 5 - The Immune System Practice Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025

BIOS 255- Week 5 - The Immune System Practice Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025 Which organ systems contain mucous membranes? Select all that apply. Urinary system Respiratory system Digestive system Endocrine system Muscular system Cardiovascular system - Answers Urinary system Respiratory system Digestive system Mucous membranes are found in organ systems that are exposed to the external environment such as the respiratory, urinary, digestive, and reproductive systems. These have some passageway that opens to the exterior. digestive system: mouth and anal canal urinary system: urethra respiratory system: mouth and nasal cavity reproductive system: urethra (males), vagina (females) How many specific lines of defense are formed by our immune system? Three Four One Two - Answers Three Which leukocytes develop from myeloid hematopoietic tissues? Select all that apply. Eosinophils Basophils Lymphocytes Neutrophils Erythrocytes - Answers Eosinophils Basophils Neutrophils Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes are types of leukocytes that develop from myeloid hematopoietic tissues. Lymphocytes develop from lymphoid hematopoietic tissues. Erythrocytes are red blood cells, not a form of white blood cells. What is true regarding innate immunity? It encompasses the first and second lines of defense. It provides protection against a narrow range of pathogens. It primarily relies on immunological memory. It is highly specific and tailored to individual pathogens. - Answers It encompasses the first and second lines of defense. Innate immunity includes both the first and second lines of defense, which are nonspecific mechanisms providing immediate protection against a wide range of pathogens. Which is not a component of the first line of defense? Mucous membranes Leukocytes Tears Saliva Skin - Answers Leukocytes Leukocytes are components of the second and third lines of defense, not the first line of defense. The first line of defense includes skin, mucous membranes, and chemical secretions such as stomach acid, tears, saliva, and sebum. A child fell off a scooter and scraped their knee. Which line of defense is immediately compromised and which will activate to provide protection? Second line of defense, third line of defense Third line of defense, second line of defense Second line of defense, first line of defense First line of defense, third line of defense First line of defense, second line of defense - Answers First line of defense, second line of defense The skin is scraped, which comprises the first line of defense. As a result, the second line of defense will be activated, which includes different protective cells and protective mechanisms such as fever and inflammation. The third line of defense activates once the second line fails to prevent pathogenic invasion. What is the primary characteristic of adaptive immunity that distinguishes it from innate immunity? It is non-specific. It provides rapid but short-lived protection. It offers specific and long-lasting protection. It relies on physical barriers like the skin. - Answers It offers specific and long-lasting protection. Adaptive immunity is primarily characterized by its specificity and the ability to provide long-lasting protection against specific pathogens. Innate immunity, as mentioned in the option, is non-specific and provides immediate but short-lived protection. It does not generate long-term immunity against specific pathogens. Which immune response is primarily associated with the production of antibodies by B cells? Humoral immunity Second line of defense First line of defense Cell-mediated immunity - Answers Humoral immunity Humoral immunity is a component of adaptive immunity that involves B cells producing antibodies specific to antigens. The first and second lines of defense are forms of innate immunity that provide nonspecific defense against a wide range of pathogens. They do not consist of B cells. Cell-mediated immunity involves T cells directly attacking infected or abnormal cells. Classify each item as a first, second, or third line of defense. First Second Third Mucosal membranes Skin Cell-mediated immunity Macrophages Fever Humoral immunity Eosinophils Lymphocytes Antibodies Inflammation - Answers The first line of defense includes skin and mucosal membranes. The second line of defense includes protective cells such as macrophages, eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, and protective mechanisms of inflammation and fever. The third line of defense includes humoral immunity, which consists of antibody production, and cell-mediated immunity, which consists of T lymphocytes. How does adaptive immunity differ from innate immunity? Innate immunity is highly specific, while adaptive immunity is not. Innate immunity primarily involves B cells and antibodies.