Chem 210 Module 4- Exam Questions with Verified Solutions Latest Version 2025 (Already Passed)
Carbohydrate functions - Answers 1. energy source
2. intermediates in metabolic pathways.
3. Structure
Aldose - Answers Term for monosaccharides with aldehyde groups (3 to 6 carbons in length)
Ketose - Answers Terme for monosaccharides with a ketone group
dextrorotatory and levorotatory - Answers What the D and L stand for (e.g. D-glyceraldehyde)
Dextrose - Answers Alternate term for glucose because in nature it is always D form
Penultimate - Answers second to last
Epimers - Answers monosaccharides that differ in the orientation at only one position.
Furanose - Answers five-atom ring structures consisting of four carbons and one oxygen
Pyranose - Answers six-atom ring structures consisting of five carbons and one oxygen
Anomeric carbon - Answers the reduced, or reacted, carbon ring structure
Anomers - Answers alpha and beta forms are called anomers, which are structural forms that differ only
in the -OH orientation about the carbon that forms the hemiacetal group
interconversion or mutarotation - Answers Anomers can convert from one ring structure to the other
through the open chain molecule
O-glycosidic linkage - Answers Two monosaccharides react through a condensation reaction to form a
glycosidic linkage, which is also called an O-glycosidic linkage to highlight the oxygen atom in the bond
homopolymers - Answers single type of monosaccharide, such as glucose
Heteropolysaccharide - Answers two more types of monosaccharides, often in repeating fashion, in the
structure
starch - Answers made up of amylose and amylopectin
Glucose makes up three crucial homopolysaccharides - Answers starch, glycogen, and cellulose
Amylose - Answers a linear chain of glucose joined together in alpha 1 → 4 bonds in one continuous
chain with no branching
amylopectin - Answers has a long chain of glucose bonded together, but it also has branches every 24 to
30 glucose molecules apart on the main chain (alpha 1 → 6 branch point)
Carbohydrate functions - Answers 1. energy source
2. intermediates in metabolic pathways.
3. Structure
Aldose - Answers Term for monosaccharides with aldehyde groups (3 to 6 carbons in length)
Ketose - Answers Terme for monosaccharides with a ketone group
dextrorotatory and levorotatory - Answers What the D and L stand for (e.g. D-glyceraldehyde)
Dextrose - Answers Alternate term for glucose because in nature it is always D form
Penultimate - Answers second to last
Epimers - Answers monosaccharides that differ in the orientation at only one position.
Furanose - Answers five-atom ring structures consisting of four carbons and one oxygen
Pyranose - Answers six-atom ring structures consisting of five carbons and one oxygen
Anomeric carbon - Answers the reduced, or reacted, carbon ring structure
Anomers - Answers alpha and beta forms are called anomers, which are structural forms that differ only
in the -OH orientation about the carbon that forms the hemiacetal group
interconversion or mutarotation - Answers Anomers can convert from one ring structure to the other
through the open chain molecule
O-glycosidic linkage - Answers Two monosaccharides react through a condensation reaction to form a
glycosidic linkage, which is also called an O-glycosidic linkage to highlight the oxygen atom in the bond
homopolymers - Answers single type of monosaccharide, such as glucose
Heteropolysaccharide - Answers two more types of monosaccharides, often in repeating fashion, in the
structure
starch - Answers made up of amylose and amylopectin
Glucose makes up three crucial homopolysaccharides - Answers starch, glycogen, and cellulose
Amylose - Answers a linear chain of glucose joined together in alpha 1 → 4 bonds in one continuous
chain with no branching
amylopectin - Answers has a long chain of glucose bonded together, but it also has branches every 24 to
30 glucose molecules apart on the main chain (alpha 1 → 6 branch point)
