Empiricism African: Embraces spiritual and unobservable knowledge; Empiricism:
Focuses only on what is observable, often excluding spiritual or cultural
aspects.
Scientific African: Values tradition and context; Scientific Rationalism: Seeks
Rationalism universal truth through logic, sometimes disregarding indigenous
wisdom.
Phenomenology African: Emphasizes the collective and emotional experience;
Phenomenology: Focuses more on individual subjective experience,
which may overlook communal aspects in African thought.
Hermeneutics African: Strong focus on social harmony and community;
Hermeneutics: Emphasizes interpretation but may question traditional
beliefs, which can create tension in African contexts.
Critical Theory African: Critiques colonialism and oppression with a focus on
communal healing; Critical Theory: Tends to focus on structural
critiques of power dynamics.
Feminism African: Focuses on community and cultural traditions; Western
Feminism: Often emphasizes individual rights and personal freedom,
sometimes at odds with African communal values.
Systems Theory African: Strong emphasis on interconnectedness and collective well-
being; Systems Theory: Focuses on systemic structures, sometimes
without the same cultural or social depth.
Postmodernism African: Often embraces both traditional and modern knowledge;
Postmodernism: Questions all grand narratives, which can conflict with
some African traditions that value certain truths.
Critical Realism African: Focuses more on the lived experience and societal impact;
Critical Realism: Emphasizes the separation of objective and
subjective realities, sometimes ignoring communal truths.
Posthumanism African: Views humans as part of a larger spiritual and communal web;
Posthumanism: Often emphasizes technology and nature more than
community or spirituality.