NURS 6100: Module 3 Questions With Complete Solutions
What percentage of total body weight is accounted for
by blood?
7% - 8%
What is the total volume of blood in the average adult?
5 to 6 liters
How quickly should blood clot?
30 to 60 minutes
What is the hematocrit?
percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells
Within normal limits, what is the typical ratio of hematocrit to
hemoglobin?
3:1
What is the major difference between plasma and serum?
the presence of fibrinogen in the plasma
What is the function of plasma water?
,90-91% of plasma is water
transport vehicle for blood materials (nutrients, oxygen, waste
products, hormones, chemical mediators)
absorbs and distributes body heat
What are the 3 major types of plasma proteins? What
percentage of plasma do each of these components comprise?
albumins (54%), globulins (38%), fibrinogen (7%)
What is the function of albumin?
a carrier for certain substances
blood buffer
What is the function of globulins?
transport bilirubin and steroids (alpha globulins)
transport iron and copper (beta globulins)
antibodies of the immune system (gamma globulins)
gamma globulins
antibodies released by plasma cells during immune response
What is the function of fibrinogen?
converts into fibrin
soluble protein that polymerizes to form insoluble protein fibrin
during blood clotting
,What is the function of hemoglobin?
Oxygen carrying pigment in red blood cells
What accounts for the color of RBCs?
hemoglobin
Normochromic - normal colors
Hypochromic - decreased color
What are the functions of leukocytes?
white blood cells
immune response
identify and destroy cancer cells
inflammatory response
wound healing
What is the normal RBC count (male & female)?
Male: 4.2-5.4
Female: 3.6-5.0
What is the normal WBC count?
4.8-10.8
What is the normal platelet count range?
150,000 to 450,000/μL of blood
What is the function of neutrophils?
, maintaining normal host defenses against invading bacteria and
fungi, cell debris, and a variety of foreign substances
first cells to go to an area of tissue damage
Describe neutrophilia.
increase in immature neutrophils in peripheral blood
due to acute infections and acute injuries
Describe neutropenia.
decreased amounts of neutrophils (< 1000/microgram)
- Can decrease a host's defense
- Risk for infection (including opportunistic infections)!
How is neutropenia treated?
• Antimicrobials
• Hematopoietic growth factors
neutropenia precautions
No fresh fruit, veggies, raw or unpasteurized foods, or flowers
Hand washing, avoid live vaccines, do not share!
Avoid crowds, bodies of water and contact with animals.
What causes neutropenia?
Decreased neutrophil production
Accelerated utilization or destruction of neutrophils
Neutrophil shift from the blood to tissue compartments
What percentage of total body weight is accounted for
by blood?
7% - 8%
What is the total volume of blood in the average adult?
5 to 6 liters
How quickly should blood clot?
30 to 60 minutes
What is the hematocrit?
percentage of blood volume occupied by red blood cells
Within normal limits, what is the typical ratio of hematocrit to
hemoglobin?
3:1
What is the major difference between plasma and serum?
the presence of fibrinogen in the plasma
What is the function of plasma water?
,90-91% of plasma is water
transport vehicle for blood materials (nutrients, oxygen, waste
products, hormones, chemical mediators)
absorbs and distributes body heat
What are the 3 major types of plasma proteins? What
percentage of plasma do each of these components comprise?
albumins (54%), globulins (38%), fibrinogen (7%)
What is the function of albumin?
a carrier for certain substances
blood buffer
What is the function of globulins?
transport bilirubin and steroids (alpha globulins)
transport iron and copper (beta globulins)
antibodies of the immune system (gamma globulins)
gamma globulins
antibodies released by plasma cells during immune response
What is the function of fibrinogen?
converts into fibrin
soluble protein that polymerizes to form insoluble protein fibrin
during blood clotting
,What is the function of hemoglobin?
Oxygen carrying pigment in red blood cells
What accounts for the color of RBCs?
hemoglobin
Normochromic - normal colors
Hypochromic - decreased color
What are the functions of leukocytes?
white blood cells
immune response
identify and destroy cancer cells
inflammatory response
wound healing
What is the normal RBC count (male & female)?
Male: 4.2-5.4
Female: 3.6-5.0
What is the normal WBC count?
4.8-10.8
What is the normal platelet count range?
150,000 to 450,000/μL of blood
What is the function of neutrophils?
, maintaining normal host defenses against invading bacteria and
fungi, cell debris, and a variety of foreign substances
first cells to go to an area of tissue damage
Describe neutrophilia.
increase in immature neutrophils in peripheral blood
due to acute infections and acute injuries
Describe neutropenia.
decreased amounts of neutrophils (< 1000/microgram)
- Can decrease a host's defense
- Risk for infection (including opportunistic infections)!
How is neutropenia treated?
• Antimicrobials
• Hematopoietic growth factors
neutropenia precautions
No fresh fruit, veggies, raw or unpasteurized foods, or flowers
Hand washing, avoid live vaccines, do not share!
Avoid crowds, bodies of water and contact with animals.
What causes neutropenia?
Decreased neutrophil production
Accelerated utilization or destruction of neutrophils
Neutrophil shift from the blood to tissue compartments
