Cwea collections Grade 1 Exam Questions with Verified Solutions (Latest Update 2025)

Solution Manual for Lipoproteins- Latest Update 2025 (Fully Solved) What is a Lipoprotein? - Answers -Spherical complexes of Lipids and Proteins. -Function: too keep lipids soluble as they transport them -Function: transporting lipids to and from tissues What are the types of Lipoproteins? - Answers Chylomicrons VLDL LDL HDL How are TAG's, Cholesterol Esters, free FA's and Dietary Lipid Soluble Vitamins transported in blood? - Answers Abumin: -Free Fatty Acids Lipoproteins: -TAG's -CE Chylomicron Remnant: -Dietary Lipid Soluble Vitamins -TAGS When TAG's in Adipose cells are broken down, how do they get to the Liver? - Answers FA's are stored after a meal in TAGS in fat cells and can reach the liver during fasting as free fatty acids via ALBUMIN. What is in the inner and outer core of Lipoproteins? - Answers Inner Core: Hydrophobic -TAGS -Cholesterol Esters Outer Core: Hydrophillic -phospholipid monolayer (PC) -Free Cholesterol -Proteins The different types of Lipoproteins differ in ___ and ___? - Answers Size and Density Compare Densities of : CM VLDL LDL HDL - Answers Density from Low to High: CM VLDL LDL HDL **More protein, less TAGS adds density** Which Lipoprotein has the highest [TAG], [Cholesterol], [Protein]? - Answers TAG: CHylomicrons, VLDL Cholesterol: LDL Protein: HDL Chylomicrons Structure - Answers -Mostly TAGS -Also Cholesterol and Cholesterol Esters and Lipid Soluble Vitamins -Apo-48 Chylomicron Function - Answers -Assembled in Intestinal Mucosal Cells and enter lymph -Carry DIETARY TAGS to peripheral tissues VLDL Structure - Answers -High [TAG], Cholesterol, CE -Apo-100 needed to provide release into blood VLDL Function - Answers -Released from Liver to get rid of Hepatic TAGS -Provides CE for other cells inside of LDLs -Carry Lipids from Liver to Peripheral Tissues Which Lipoproteins lead to "high TAG's in blood"? - Answers Chylomicrons and VLDL LDL Structure - Answers -formed form VLDL -High [Cholesterol, CE], Low [TAG] LDL Function - Answers -To provide CHOLESTEROL to the peripheral tissues or -Return it to the Liver HDL Structure - Answers -Smallest -High [Protein]- apolipoproteins, CE and Cholesterol, phospholipids HDL Function - Answers -They are capable of picking up cholesterol, carried internally, from cells - A plasma enzyme called LCAT converts the free cholesterol into cholesteryl ester which is then sequestered into the core -HDL transports cholesterol mostly to the liver or steroidogenic organs Lipoprotein Lipase - Answers -Extracellular Enzyme bound to capillary walls of heart, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue -Cleaves TAGS inside Lipoproteins What anchors Lipoprotein Lipase? - Answers Heparin Sulfate Which Lipoproteins does Lipoprotein Lipase cleave TAGS? - Answers Chylomicron and VLDL LPL needs ____ for Activation - Answers Apo-CII Compare LPL in HEART vs FAT cells? - Answers HEART: -small KM -High Affinity -breaks down TAGS even at [low] -FA's NOT stored FAT: -Activated by Insulin (high glucose) -High Km, Low Affinity -breaks down TAGS at [high lipoprotein] -FA's STORED in fat cells What is the effect of Insulin on LPL? - Answers It enhances LPL synthesis and placement in capillary endothelium surface Apolipoproteins Function - Answers -Provide Recognition sites for cell surface -Serve as activators or coenzymes for enzymes -Required as structural component -Can be transferred freely btwn Lipoproteins 5 Major Classes of Apolipoproteins - Answers ... Chylomicron Circulation - Answers -Chylomicrons are released from Intestinal Mucosal Cells and enters Lymph