PALS RED CROSS 2025 LATEST STUDY
SET WITH QUESTIONS AND SIMPLIFIED
ANSWERS THAT ARE CORRECT
A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory distress.
The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional intervention
is a critical component of airway management for this patient? - correct answer-Airway clearance (e.g.,
suctioning)
A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG waveform. The
provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating which type of arrhythmia? - correct
answer-Supraventricular tachycardia
A child in cardiac arrest experiences return of spontaneous circulation but is exhibiting signs of post-
cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). The PALS resuscitation team determines that the child is experiencing a
systemic response to ischemia/reperfusion. The team bases this determination on which finding(s)? -
correct answer-Hypotension, fever, hyperglycemia
An 11-year-old soccer player is brought to the emergency department. After a quick assessment, the
team realizes this patient is experiencing a severe asthma exacerbation. Which medication would the
team administer immediately? - correct answer-Albuterol with or without ipratropium bromide
After ROSC, a child is experiencing post-cardiac arrest hypoperfusion. The PALS resuscitation team would
administer which element to restore intravascular volume and optimize preload? - correct answer-
Isotonic fluid boluses
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When
preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for the team to take? - correct
answer-Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape.
A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment reveals that the
child has only gasping respirations and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the
provider initiate first? - correct answer-Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds.
The PALS team leader is conducting a debriefing session with the team. Which topic(s) would the team
leader most likely address during the session? - correct answer-Discussion of the pros and cons of the
interventions
Evaluation of the objective data gathered during the event, Summary of the event, including what
actions were taken, Identification of ways to improve
The PALS resuscitation team notes the following ECG waveform and the child does not have a pulse. The
team prepares to intervene to address which arrhythmia? - correct answer-Torsades de pointes
What is the correct IV/IO dose of epinephrine for a pediatric patient in cardiac arrest? - correct answer-
0.01 mg/kg every 3 to 5 min (max single dose 1 mg)
, Assessment of a 3-month-old infant admitted with respiratory distress reveals fever, grunting and a wet,
"junky" cough. The infant's parents said the child had a recent respiratory infection with a fever. A rapid
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) test is positive. Which condition would the provider most likely suspect
as the cause? - correct answer-Bronchiolitis
A child is experiencing supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) with adequate perfusion and is to receive
treatment. Which initial treatment would the provider administer? - correct answer-Vagal maneuvers
A healthcare provider notices petechiae on the arms and legs while performing a rapid skin assessment
of a child with a high fever and respiratory distress. Based on this assessment, which condition should
the provider consider? - correct answer-Life-threatening systemic infection
A 7-year-old patient with septic shock has received three balanced/buffered crystalloid fluid boluses (60-
mL/kg) and reassessment reveals capillary refill of 3 seconds, diminished pulses, narrow pulse pressure
and cool, mottled extremities. The emergency response team interprets these findings as indicating
which type of septic shock? - correct answer-Fluid-refractory
A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s) would the provider
administer? - correct answer-Nebulized epinephrine, Corticosteroids
A child exhibiting a narrow-complex tachycardia with adequate perfusion is to receive adenosine. The
provider would be alert for which result after administering this medication? - correct answer-Transient
asystole
A child experiencing bradycardia with inadequate perfusion despite supporting oxygenation and
ventilation is receiving compressions. Despite these efforts, the child's status remains unchanged. Which
medication would the emergency response team expect to administer next? - correct answer-
Epinephrine
A child in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the following ECG waveform. The child has no pulse.
The resuscitation team interprets this as which arrhythmia? - correct answer-Monomorphic pulseless
ventricular tachycardia
A 15-year-old patient is being evaluated during a follow-up visit after being diagnosed with Lyme disease
2 months ago. A rhythm strip is obtained as shown below. The provider interprets this rhythm as
indicating which arrhythmia? - correct answer-First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block
A healthcare provider is performing a primary assessment of a child in respiratory distress. The provider
documents increased work of breathing when which findings are observed? - correct answer-Nasal
flaring
Intercostal, substernal or suprasternal retractions
Accessory muscle use
A 4-year-old patient presents with tachycardia, tachypnea, cold extremities and weak pulses. Assessment
also reveals an enlarged liver and neck vein distension. The provider interprets these assessment
findings as suggesting which type of shock? - correct answer-Cardiogenic
SET WITH QUESTIONS AND SIMPLIFIED
ANSWERS THAT ARE CORRECT
A 5-year-old child with a history of a chronic neuromuscular disease is experiencing respiratory distress.
The child is breathing spontaneously and receiving supplemental oxygen. Which additional intervention
is a critical component of airway management for this patient? - correct answer-Airway clearance (e.g.,
suctioning)
A child being cared for in the pediatric telemetry unit suddenly displays the following ECG waveform. The
provider prepares to intervene because the child is demonstrating which type of arrhythmia? - correct
answer-Supraventricular tachycardia
A child in cardiac arrest experiences return of spontaneous circulation but is exhibiting signs of post-
cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). The PALS resuscitation team determines that the child is experiencing a
systemic response to ischemia/reperfusion. The team bases this determination on which finding(s)? -
correct answer-Hypotension, fever, hyperglycemia
An 11-year-old soccer player is brought to the emergency department. After a quick assessment, the
team realizes this patient is experiencing a severe asthma exacerbation. Which medication would the
team administer immediately? - correct answer-Albuterol with or without ipratropium bromide
After ROSC, a child is experiencing post-cardiac arrest hypoperfusion. The PALS resuscitation team would
administer which element to restore intravascular volume and optimize preload? - correct answer-
Isotonic fluid boluses
A 2-year-old child of unknown weight arrives at the emergency department in cardiac arrest. When
preparing to administer medications, which action would be appropriate for the team to take? - correct
answer-Estimate weight using a length-based resuscitation tape.
A 4-year-old child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. Assessment reveals that the
child has only gasping respirations and the pulse rate is 65 beats per minute. Which action would the
provider initiate first? - correct answer-Deliver 1 BVM ventilation every 2 to 3 seconds.
The PALS team leader is conducting a debriefing session with the team. Which topic(s) would the team
leader most likely address during the session? - correct answer-Discussion of the pros and cons of the
interventions
Evaluation of the objective data gathered during the event, Summary of the event, including what
actions were taken, Identification of ways to improve
The PALS resuscitation team notes the following ECG waveform and the child does not have a pulse. The
team prepares to intervene to address which arrhythmia? - correct answer-Torsades de pointes
What is the correct IV/IO dose of epinephrine for a pediatric patient in cardiac arrest? - correct answer-
0.01 mg/kg every 3 to 5 min (max single dose 1 mg)
, Assessment of a 3-month-old infant admitted with respiratory distress reveals fever, grunting and a wet,
"junky" cough. The infant's parents said the child had a recent respiratory infection with a fever. A rapid
respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) test is positive. Which condition would the provider most likely suspect
as the cause? - correct answer-Bronchiolitis
A child is experiencing supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) with adequate perfusion and is to receive
treatment. Which initial treatment would the provider administer? - correct answer-Vagal maneuvers
A healthcare provider notices petechiae on the arms and legs while performing a rapid skin assessment
of a child with a high fever and respiratory distress. Based on this assessment, which condition should
the provider consider? - correct answer-Life-threatening systemic infection
A 7-year-old patient with septic shock has received three balanced/buffered crystalloid fluid boluses (60-
mL/kg) and reassessment reveals capillary refill of 3 seconds, diminished pulses, narrow pulse pressure
and cool, mottled extremities. The emergency response team interprets these findings as indicating
which type of septic shock? - correct answer-Fluid-refractory
A 30-month old child has been diagnosed with moderate croup. Which medication(s) would the provider
administer? - correct answer-Nebulized epinephrine, Corticosteroids
A child exhibiting a narrow-complex tachycardia with adequate perfusion is to receive adenosine. The
provider would be alert for which result after administering this medication? - correct answer-Transient
asystole
A child experiencing bradycardia with inadequate perfusion despite supporting oxygenation and
ventilation is receiving compressions. Despite these efforts, the child's status remains unchanged. Which
medication would the emergency response team expect to administer next? - correct answer-
Epinephrine
A child in the pediatric intensive care unit displays the following ECG waveform. The child has no pulse.
The resuscitation team interprets this as which arrhythmia? - correct answer-Monomorphic pulseless
ventricular tachycardia
A 15-year-old patient is being evaluated during a follow-up visit after being diagnosed with Lyme disease
2 months ago. A rhythm strip is obtained as shown below. The provider interprets this rhythm as
indicating which arrhythmia? - correct answer-First-degree atrioventricular (AV) block
A healthcare provider is performing a primary assessment of a child in respiratory distress. The provider
documents increased work of breathing when which findings are observed? - correct answer-Nasal
flaring
Intercostal, substernal or suprasternal retractions
Accessory muscle use
A 4-year-old patient presents with tachycardia, tachypnea, cold extremities and weak pulses. Assessment
also reveals an enlarged liver and neck vein distension. The provider interprets these assessment
findings as suggesting which type of shock? - correct answer-Cardiogenic
