HESI A2 BIOLOGY EXAM (3 VERSIONS) QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2024 - 2025 PASS AT FIRST ATTEMPT
What catabolic pathway produces the most energy? - ANSWER-Cellular
Respiration
How is the sugar produced by the Calvin Cycle used? - ANSWER-By the plant itself
to produce energy by cellular respiration.
Two categories of Cellular Reproduction? - ANSWER-Asexual reproduction, sexual
reproduction.
What is binary fission? - ANSWER-Chromosome binds to plasma membrane and
replicates. As the cell grows it pinches into two identical cells.
5 stages of mitosis? - ANSWER-Prophase, pro-metaphase, metaphase, anaphase,
telophase
Function of prophase? - ANSWER-chromosomes visibly separate, each duplicated
chromosome has 2 sister chromatids.
Function of pro-metaphase? - ANSWER-nuclear envelope begins to diaper,
chromosomes begin to attach to spindle at axis
,Function of metaphase? - ANSWER-Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate,
aka center of the cell
Function of anaphase? - ANSWER-Chromosomes begin to separate, chromatids
are not considered separate chromosomes
Function of telophase? - ANSWER-Chromosomes gather on either side of the now
separating cell. End of mitosis.
What is cytokinesis? - ANSWER-Follows mitosis, the cell pinches in two, forming
two identical cells.
Two types of asexual reproduction? - ANSWER-Binary fission and mitosis
Difference between asexual and sexual reproduction? - ANSWER-In sexual
reproduction, two cells contribute to the genetic material of the daughter cells,
resulting in variation. Asexual is one cell contributing and creating an identical
cell.
What molecules are produced by glycolysis? - ANSWER-2-ATP, 2-Pyruvate, 2-NADH
Where does glycolysis take place? - ANSWER-Cytosol
,Where does Kreb's Cycle take place? - ANSWER-Matrix of mitochondria
What molecules are produced by Kreb's Cycle? - ANSWER-2-ATP, 6-CO2, 6-NADH
What does the oxidation of NADH molecules produce during respiration? -
ANSWER-Oxygen
Where is water produced during respiration? - ANSWER-In the Electron Transport
Chain
How many ATP are produced from the ETC? - ANSWER-28-32 ATP
Overall how many ATP are produced per glucose molecule consumed? - ANSWER-
32-36 ATP
What process produces the precursor of glucose? - ANSWER-Photosynthesis
What is the notable difference in the photosynthesis equation compared to cellular
respiration equation? - ANSWER-Light energy
, Two different stages in photosynthesis? - ANSWER-Light reactions and Calvin
cycle.
What are light reactions? - ANSWER-Convert solar energy to chemical energy.
How does the cell produce ATP in photosynthesis? - ANSWER-Absorption of light
and then using that energy to split water molecules, transfer electron, create
NADPH and produce ATP.
Where is sugar produced during photosynthesis? - ANSWER-In the Calvin Cycle
What is meiosis? - ANSWER-Process that determines how reproductive cells
divide in a sexually reproducing organism
What is the end result of meiosis? - ANSWER-4 daughter cells with half as many
chromosomes as parent cell.
What is interphase? - ANSWER-precedes meiosis, chromosomes are duplicated
and cell prepares for division
Four phases of the first stage of meiosis? - ANSWER-Prophase I, Metaphase I,
Anaphase I, Telophase I
ANSWERS 2024 - 2025 PASS AT FIRST ATTEMPT
What catabolic pathway produces the most energy? - ANSWER-Cellular
Respiration
How is the sugar produced by the Calvin Cycle used? - ANSWER-By the plant itself
to produce energy by cellular respiration.
Two categories of Cellular Reproduction? - ANSWER-Asexual reproduction, sexual
reproduction.
What is binary fission? - ANSWER-Chromosome binds to plasma membrane and
replicates. As the cell grows it pinches into two identical cells.
5 stages of mitosis? - ANSWER-Prophase, pro-metaphase, metaphase, anaphase,
telophase
Function of prophase? - ANSWER-chromosomes visibly separate, each duplicated
chromosome has 2 sister chromatids.
Function of pro-metaphase? - ANSWER-nuclear envelope begins to diaper,
chromosomes begin to attach to spindle at axis
,Function of metaphase? - ANSWER-Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate,
aka center of the cell
Function of anaphase? - ANSWER-Chromosomes begin to separate, chromatids
are not considered separate chromosomes
Function of telophase? - ANSWER-Chromosomes gather on either side of the now
separating cell. End of mitosis.
What is cytokinesis? - ANSWER-Follows mitosis, the cell pinches in two, forming
two identical cells.
Two types of asexual reproduction? - ANSWER-Binary fission and mitosis
Difference between asexual and sexual reproduction? - ANSWER-In sexual
reproduction, two cells contribute to the genetic material of the daughter cells,
resulting in variation. Asexual is one cell contributing and creating an identical
cell.
What molecules are produced by glycolysis? - ANSWER-2-ATP, 2-Pyruvate, 2-NADH
Where does glycolysis take place? - ANSWER-Cytosol
,Where does Kreb's Cycle take place? - ANSWER-Matrix of mitochondria
What molecules are produced by Kreb's Cycle? - ANSWER-2-ATP, 6-CO2, 6-NADH
What does the oxidation of NADH molecules produce during respiration? -
ANSWER-Oxygen
Where is water produced during respiration? - ANSWER-In the Electron Transport
Chain
How many ATP are produced from the ETC? - ANSWER-28-32 ATP
Overall how many ATP are produced per glucose molecule consumed? - ANSWER-
32-36 ATP
What process produces the precursor of glucose? - ANSWER-Photosynthesis
What is the notable difference in the photosynthesis equation compared to cellular
respiration equation? - ANSWER-Light energy
, Two different stages in photosynthesis? - ANSWER-Light reactions and Calvin
cycle.
What are light reactions? - ANSWER-Convert solar energy to chemical energy.
How does the cell produce ATP in photosynthesis? - ANSWER-Absorption of light
and then using that energy to split water molecules, transfer electron, create
NADPH and produce ATP.
Where is sugar produced during photosynthesis? - ANSWER-In the Calvin Cycle
What is meiosis? - ANSWER-Process that determines how reproductive cells
divide in a sexually reproducing organism
What is the end result of meiosis? - ANSWER-4 daughter cells with half as many
chromosomes as parent cell.
What is interphase? - ANSWER-precedes meiosis, chromosomes are duplicated
and cell prepares for division
Four phases of the first stage of meiosis? - ANSWER-Prophase I, Metaphase I,
Anaphase I, Telophase I
