NUR 2060 PHARM Final Exam Review questions with
correct answers
hat is pharmacotherapeutics? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat
disease or prevent pregnancy.
What is pharmacokinetics? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅how the drugs moves through the body (i.e.
absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion)
What is pharmacodynamics? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅how the drug works in the body
What is selectivity? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅only elicits response for which it is given, no side
effects
What is affinity? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅strength of attraction
What is half-life? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅amount of time it takes for ½ of a drug to be out of
system
What is an antagonist? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅a substance that interferes with or inhibits the
physiological action of another
What is an agonist? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅a substance that initiates a physiological response
when combined with a receptor
What is the minimal effective concentration? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅reflects the minimum
concentration of drug at the receptor site to elicit the desired pharmacological response
What is the ceiling effect with drugs? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅the phenomenon in which a drug
reaches a maximum effect, so that increasing the drug dosage does not increase its effectiveness
,What is potency? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅the power of something to influence or make an
impression
What is efficacy? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅the ability to produce a desired or intended result
What is intrinsic ability? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅efficacy refers to the relative ability of a drug-
receptor complex to produce a maximum functional response
What is bioavailability? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅portion or percent of an administered dose of
drug that is absorbed and able to cause effect. may be affected by all the factors that affect absorption
What patients are most susceptible to medication side effects and why? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--
Elderly: due to decline in liver and kidney function
--Young: due to immature hepatic function
What is the difference between enteral and parenteral? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--Enteral: via
mouth
--Parenteral: via blood stream
What would low levels of albumin while taking a medication do in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔✅Low levels of albumin would increase the level of that drug in the blood stream causing it to
have a more profound/harmful effect on the patient
What is important to know about pregnancy and drug administration? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--
pregnant women have higher rates of metabolism and excretion so may need to give higher dose
--pregnant women also have slower GI motility
What is peptic ulcer disease? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅upper GI disorders, degrees of erosion of the
gut wall; an imbalance between mucosal defenses and aggressive factors
What are the major antibiotics used for H.pylori? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--amoxicillin (Amoxil)
,--bismuth (Pepto bismol)
--metronidazole (Flagyl)
What is the action of histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2 blockers)? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔✅inhibits gastric acid secretion
Give examples of histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2 blockers). - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅"-dine"
--cimetidine (Tagamet)
--ranitidine (Zantac)
--famotidie (Pepcid)
What is important to note as a nurse when giving histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2 blockers)? -
CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--avoid antacids 1 hour before giving H2 blocker
--increased bleeding
--risk of pneumonia
--no smoking, ETOH, or NSAID usage
--elevate head of bed
What is the action of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI's)? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--suppress gastric
acid secretion (block enzyme needs dof R acid formation)
What are the uses for Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI's)? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--active peptic ulcer
disease
--GERD's
**prophylatic (not rescue)
--prevent NSAID induced ulcers
Give examples of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI's). - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅"-prazole"
, --omeprazole (Prilosec)
--lansoprazole (Prevacid)
--pantoprazole (Protonix)
What are some nursing implications with giving Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI's)? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔✅**Prophylactic use only! (not a rescue)
--risks of fractures, PN, acid rebound and intestinal infections
--use for only 16 weeks
What are the uses of Histamine 2 Receptor Antagonists (H2 blockers)? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--
prevent NSAID induced ulcers
**both maintenance and rescue!
--decrease heart burn
--Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
What is the action of mucosal protectants? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅adheres to surface and
promotes healing and prevents injury for up to 6 hours
What are the uses of mucosal protectants? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--short term therapy
--prevention of stress ulcers
--relief of pain from oral and mucosal ulcers
What are the nursing implications of mucosal protectants? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--may harden
enteral feedings
--constipation
--give on empty stomach
**contains aluminum (need to wait 30 minutes after giving anmucosal protectant to given antacid)
Give an example of a mucosal protectant. - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--sucralfate (Carafate)
correct answers
hat is pharmacotherapeutics? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat
disease or prevent pregnancy.
What is pharmacokinetics? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅how the drugs moves through the body (i.e.
absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion)
What is pharmacodynamics? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅how the drug works in the body
What is selectivity? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅only elicits response for which it is given, no side
effects
What is affinity? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅strength of attraction
What is half-life? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅amount of time it takes for ½ of a drug to be out of
system
What is an antagonist? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅a substance that interferes with or inhibits the
physiological action of another
What is an agonist? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅a substance that initiates a physiological response
when combined with a receptor
What is the minimal effective concentration? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅reflects the minimum
concentration of drug at the receptor site to elicit the desired pharmacological response
What is the ceiling effect with drugs? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅the phenomenon in which a drug
reaches a maximum effect, so that increasing the drug dosage does not increase its effectiveness
,What is potency? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅the power of something to influence or make an
impression
What is efficacy? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅the ability to produce a desired or intended result
What is intrinsic ability? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅efficacy refers to the relative ability of a drug-
receptor complex to produce a maximum functional response
What is bioavailability? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅portion or percent of an administered dose of
drug that is absorbed and able to cause effect. may be affected by all the factors that affect absorption
What patients are most susceptible to medication side effects and why? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--
Elderly: due to decline in liver and kidney function
--Young: due to immature hepatic function
What is the difference between enteral and parenteral? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--Enteral: via
mouth
--Parenteral: via blood stream
What would low levels of albumin while taking a medication do in the body? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔✅Low levels of albumin would increase the level of that drug in the blood stream causing it to
have a more profound/harmful effect on the patient
What is important to know about pregnancy and drug administration? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--
pregnant women have higher rates of metabolism and excretion so may need to give higher dose
--pregnant women also have slower GI motility
What is peptic ulcer disease? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅upper GI disorders, degrees of erosion of the
gut wall; an imbalance between mucosal defenses and aggressive factors
What are the major antibiotics used for H.pylori? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--amoxicillin (Amoxil)
,--bismuth (Pepto bismol)
--metronidazole (Flagyl)
What is the action of histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2 blockers)? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔✅inhibits gastric acid secretion
Give examples of histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2 blockers). - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅"-dine"
--cimetidine (Tagamet)
--ranitidine (Zantac)
--famotidie (Pepcid)
What is important to note as a nurse when giving histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2 blockers)? -
CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--avoid antacids 1 hour before giving H2 blocker
--increased bleeding
--risk of pneumonia
--no smoking, ETOH, or NSAID usage
--elevate head of bed
What is the action of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI's)? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--suppress gastric
acid secretion (block enzyme needs dof R acid formation)
What are the uses for Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI's)? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--active peptic ulcer
disease
--GERD's
**prophylatic (not rescue)
--prevent NSAID induced ulcers
Give examples of Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI's). - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅"-prazole"
, --omeprazole (Prilosec)
--lansoprazole (Prevacid)
--pantoprazole (Protonix)
What are some nursing implications with giving Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI's)? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔✅**Prophylactic use only! (not a rescue)
--risks of fractures, PN, acid rebound and intestinal infections
--use for only 16 weeks
What are the uses of Histamine 2 Receptor Antagonists (H2 blockers)? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--
prevent NSAID induced ulcers
**both maintenance and rescue!
--decrease heart burn
--Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
What is the action of mucosal protectants? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅adheres to surface and
promotes healing and prevents injury for up to 6 hours
What are the uses of mucosal protectants? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--short term therapy
--prevention of stress ulcers
--relief of pain from oral and mucosal ulcers
What are the nursing implications of mucosal protectants? - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--may harden
enteral feedings
--constipation
--give on empty stomach
**contains aluminum (need to wait 30 minutes after giving anmucosal protectant to given antacid)
Give an example of a mucosal protectant. - CORRECT ANSWER-✔✔✅--sucralfate (Carafate)
