NURS 3330 Exam 3 Prep: In-Depth Review and Test Strategies

NURS 3330 Exam 3 Prep: In-Depth Review and Test Strategies

Atorvastatin (Lipitor)

Fluvastatin (Lescot)

Lovastatin (Manacor)

Pravastatin (Pravachol)

Simvastatin (Zocor) - correct answer ✔✔C: anti-lipemic

G: statins

U: atherosclerosis

M: Inhibit enzyme HMG-CoA that is used in cholesterol synthesis

ADRs: Myalgia (pain in the muscles) liver damage (measure for enzyme) slight GI upset

I: CI for liver disease and pregnancy (X), give daily at bedtime, test liver function q 6 mo.



Niacin (nicotinic acid) - correct answer ✔✔C: anti-lipemic

G: B complex vitamin

U: atherosclerosis

M:unclear

ADRs: itching, GI upset, hepatotoxic, orthostatic hypotension

I: Give aspirin 30 minutes before to combat flushing, slo-niacin is VERY hepatotoxic, take w/food, need a
lot higher doses to get lipid action than when using for a vitamin



Cholestryamine resin (Questran)

Colesevelam - correct answer ✔✔C: anti-lipemic

G: bile acid resin

U: atherosclerosis, people who struggle with changing their diet

M: Binds with bile acids in the GI tract to form an insoluble complex that is then eliminated

ADRs: Gi upset, constipation, steatorrhea (excess fat in feces so its oily and foul smelling) few ADRs
general

I: Take on empty stomach bc food decreases absorption, given as a powder, lipid soluble

,Ezetimibe (Zetia) - correct answer ✔✔C: anti-lipemic

G: cholesterol absorption inhibitor

U: atherosclerosis

M: blocks cholesterol absorption in the lumen of the GI tract, block C absorption in brush boarder on
enterocytes

ADRs: well tolerated

I: Not as effective as statins, often used as adjunct to help dietary modifications



Gemfibrozil (Lopid) - correct answer ✔✔C: anti-lipemic

G: fibric acid derivatives (fibrates)

U: high TG

M: Complex: decreases triglyceride levels by increasing lipase

ADRs: GI upset, rash, myopathy (muscle pain) hepatoxicity and gall stones

I: CI for hepatitis and gall bladder disease



Simvastatin + ezetimibe (Vytorin) - correct answer ✔✔Statin + cholesterol absorption inhibitor



Lovastatin +niacin (Advicor) - correct answer ✔✔Statin + niacin



Pravastatin + aspirin (Pravigard PAC) - correct answer ✔✔Statin + aspirin



Atorvastatin + amlodipine (caduet) - correct answer ✔✔Statin + calcium



Heparin sodium (sulfated mucopolysaccharide polymers) - correct answer ✔✔C: anticoagulant

G: heparins

U: prevent clot from forming or getting bigger

M: activates antithrombin (natural inhibitor of coagulation)

ADRs: bleeding, allergic reactions

, I: Less erratic, less blood monitoring, more reliable, easier to work with, IV



Enoxaparin (lovenox) - correct answer ✔✔C: anticoagulants

G: low molecular weight heparins

U: prevent clot from forming or getting bigger

M: breakdown bulk of polymers and fractionate

ADRs: bleeding, allergic reactions,

I: Less erratic, less blood monitoring, more reliable, easier to work with, IV



Protamine sulfate - correct answer ✔✔C: antidote

G: heparin antidote

U: inability to clot because of heparin

M: binds with protein to cause clotting

ADRs: too much clotting

I: slow infusion, give transfusion, last resort



Warfarin (coumadin) - correct answer ✔✔C: anticoagulant

G: Coumarins

U: Prophylaxis, treatment of thrombus (stops them from getting bigger)

M: Vitamin k antagonist, blocks enzyme that makes vitamin K in the liver so vit k dependent clotting
factors are impaired

ADRs: Bleeding, abd. Cramping/

nausea /anorexia, alopecia

I:Used long term, slow bc factors are already in liver (2-3 days) oral, take with food, interacts with green
leafy vegetables (vit. K rich foods), keep vit. K rich food intake constant NO ASPIRIN, antiepileptics
induces liver enzymes and decrease effects, interacts with a bunch of drugs, category x in pregnancy,
wear med alert bracelet



Vitamin K (aquamephyton) - correct answer ✔✔C: antidote

G: warfarin antidote