AACN practice test
which finding is most consistent with an acute elevation in left ventricular filling
pressure?
bibasilar crackles
when pressure in the LV increases suddenly, fluid is forced into the alveoli by an
increase in hydrostatic pressure
following ACS affecting the anterior wall, a patient develops SOB. Assessment reveals
moist bibasilar crackles and a moderately loud S3. a PAC is inserted and a PAOP of 22
is obtained. these findings are most indicative of
left ventricular decompensation
this patient has a risk factor for and signs of LV failure (anterior MI). A rise in the PAOP
and S3 is reflective of increased LVED pressure. when pressure in the LV increases
suddenly, fluid is forced into the alveoli by an increase in hydrostatic pressure
a patient with AMI develops a new 4/6 holosystolic murmur and quickly progresses to
cardiogenic shock. which should the nurse anticipate?
preparation for a TEE
the new onset of a murmur with AMI is a sign of papillary muscle rupture. an
echocardiogram will diagnose this rupture
a patient with WPW is given verapamil and becomes unconscious with a wide complex
tachycardia, a weak pulse, and hypotension. what should the nurse do initially?
prepare for synchronized cardioversion
verapamil blocked the AV node but not the pathway of WPW. the S/E of verapamil is
hypotension and the patient has become unstable. emergency synchronized
cardioversion is necessary. the patient has a pulse so defibrillation is not required, amio
is given for patients without a pulse
a patient is admitted with chest heaviness, muffled heart sounds, JVD, and hypotension
following a stab wound to the chest. for which should the nurse initially prepare the
patient?
echocardiogram
this patient is at risk for and has symptoms for cardiac tamponade. the diagnosis is
most accurately made with an echocardiogram.
in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy, appropriate drug therapy should be aimed at
decreasing afterload and decreasing preload
the patient has systolic dysfunction. chronic heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy
(systolic dysfunction) is managed by diuresis, afterload reduction and inotropes as
needed. increased afterload will increase cardiac workload and worsen heart failure
symptoms, as will increasing preload
which finding is most consistent with an acute elevation in left ventricular filling
pressure?
bibasilar crackles
when pressure in the LV increases suddenly, fluid is forced into the alveoli by an
increase in hydrostatic pressure
following ACS affecting the anterior wall, a patient develops SOB. Assessment reveals
moist bibasilar crackles and a moderately loud S3. a PAC is inserted and a PAOP of 22
is obtained. these findings are most indicative of
left ventricular decompensation
this patient has a risk factor for and signs of LV failure (anterior MI). A rise in the PAOP
and S3 is reflective of increased LVED pressure. when pressure in the LV increases
suddenly, fluid is forced into the alveoli by an increase in hydrostatic pressure
a patient with AMI develops a new 4/6 holosystolic murmur and quickly progresses to
cardiogenic shock. which should the nurse anticipate?
preparation for a TEE
the new onset of a murmur with AMI is a sign of papillary muscle rupture. an
echocardiogram will diagnose this rupture
a patient with WPW is given verapamil and becomes unconscious with a wide complex
tachycardia, a weak pulse, and hypotension. what should the nurse do initially?
prepare for synchronized cardioversion
verapamil blocked the AV node but not the pathway of WPW. the S/E of verapamil is
hypotension and the patient has become unstable. emergency synchronized
cardioversion is necessary. the patient has a pulse so defibrillation is not required, amio
is given for patients without a pulse
a patient is admitted with chest heaviness, muffled heart sounds, JVD, and hypotension
following a stab wound to the chest. for which should the nurse initially prepare the
patient?
echocardiogram
this patient is at risk for and has symptoms for cardiac tamponade. the diagnosis is
most accurately made with an echocardiogram.
in the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy, appropriate drug therapy should be aimed at
decreasing afterload and decreasing preload
the patient has systolic dysfunction. chronic heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy
(systolic dysfunction) is managed by diuresis, afterload reduction and inotropes as
needed. increased afterload will increase cardiac workload and worsen heart failure
symptoms, as will increasing preload
