BLS 2024/2025 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS
What does it mean for compressions to be continuous?
How do 2 people do chest compressions? - Answer-Continuous chest compressions
should be the goal
Minimize interruptions and limit it to no more than 10 secs
With 2 people providing chest compressions, each rotating every 2 minutes would be
ideal
CAB = Compression -Airway - Breath
How would you position patient to ensure an open airway? - Answer-For maintaining an
open airway:
Head tilt and chin lift
IF there is suspected neck injury, you do NOT tilt head, you do a jaw thrust
What is the compression to ventilation ratio? - Answer-Compression to ventilation ratio
is the number of compressions to breaths given to the patient
For Adult, compression to ventilation ratio is 30:2
For Child and Infant with 1 rescuer, compression to ventilation ratio is 30:2 BUT...
For infants and children with 2 rescuers, compression to ventilation ratio is 15:2
How often do you ventilate when an advanced airway when doing CPR? - Answer-
When using and advanced airway, Do NOT stop compressions. As you continue your
compressions, you ventilate every 6 seconds (that's total of 10 ventilations per minute)
Also Check for rise and fall of the chest
When you receive the AED, use it immediately.
How do you properly use and AED? - Answer-Turn on the AED, follow it's instructions.
AFTER making sure that everyone of cleared of the AED can you activate it according
to its directions.
The AED will determine if the patient needs defibrillation.
How is the AED integrated into CPR? - Answer-Continue chest compression as the
AED is being delivered to you.
Use it immediately
Then if the AED states that CPR needs to continue,
during the 30:2 compressions to breath, you use the AED during the "breath cycle"
Can an AED be used on a person who was submerged in water?
Can AED be used on a person lying in the snow?
, How about if a patient has a hairy chest? - Answer-Yes, a person previously submerged
in water, you wipe the water from the chest and place AED pads as usual.
Yes, you can use an AED with a person lying in the snow - clear chest as usual.
For a hair chest, you can shave it or place the pads firmly on the chest
Are different size AED pads used on adults and children? - Answer-Yes, pediatric pads
are used on children age 8 and younger.
If no pediatric pads are available, then you can use adult pads but make sure the pads
do not touch.
You may also place one the front of the chest and one on the back.
You have a choking infant, what do you do? - Answer-Place infant on your forearm, with
head lower than the chest and Using your palm give 5 back slaps between the scapulas
and then flip infant around and give 5 chest thrusts. Then check infant's mouth to search
for object
IF at any point, the infant becomes unresponsive, then start CPr and call 911
Infant or Child with Decreased heart rate and not breathing with heart rate less than 60
beats per minute - Answer-Not sure of this answer:
If not breathing and pulse is less than 60 beats per minutes, start CPR
If heart rate is 60+ bpm and not breathing, rescue breaths should be 1 every 3-5
seconds
Where should you check for a pulse in adults and children?
Where should you check for a pulse in an infant? - Answer-Checking for a pulse in
adults and children at the carotid artery
Check at the brachial artery for infants
If you are doing 2 person rescue, when do you switch?
How does it change the compression to breath ratio? - Answer-Every 2 minutes switch
when you are doing 2 person rescue
In adults, you keep same ratio 30:2 (compression: breath)
In children and infants, ratio changes to 15:2
What is purpose of head tilt and chin lift OR jaw thrust? - Answer-This is the CAB - A
part of the cycle = airway
Head tilt and chin lift OR jaw thrust open up airways
Jaw thrust is used when neck injury may be involved
What is the purpose of maintaining blood flow? - Answer-To perfuse the brain and the
arteries
If you need to provide CPR and do NOT have a ventilation barrier, what should you do?
- Answer-Just give chest compressions and check after 30 compressions for pulse and
breathing
COMPLETE ANSWERS
What does it mean for compressions to be continuous?
How do 2 people do chest compressions? - Answer-Continuous chest compressions
should be the goal
Minimize interruptions and limit it to no more than 10 secs
With 2 people providing chest compressions, each rotating every 2 minutes would be
ideal
CAB = Compression -Airway - Breath
How would you position patient to ensure an open airway? - Answer-For maintaining an
open airway:
Head tilt and chin lift
IF there is suspected neck injury, you do NOT tilt head, you do a jaw thrust
What is the compression to ventilation ratio? - Answer-Compression to ventilation ratio
is the number of compressions to breaths given to the patient
For Adult, compression to ventilation ratio is 30:2
For Child and Infant with 1 rescuer, compression to ventilation ratio is 30:2 BUT...
For infants and children with 2 rescuers, compression to ventilation ratio is 15:2
How often do you ventilate when an advanced airway when doing CPR? - Answer-
When using and advanced airway, Do NOT stop compressions. As you continue your
compressions, you ventilate every 6 seconds (that's total of 10 ventilations per minute)
Also Check for rise and fall of the chest
When you receive the AED, use it immediately.
How do you properly use and AED? - Answer-Turn on the AED, follow it's instructions.
AFTER making sure that everyone of cleared of the AED can you activate it according
to its directions.
The AED will determine if the patient needs defibrillation.
How is the AED integrated into CPR? - Answer-Continue chest compression as the
AED is being delivered to you.
Use it immediately
Then if the AED states that CPR needs to continue,
during the 30:2 compressions to breath, you use the AED during the "breath cycle"
Can an AED be used on a person who was submerged in water?
Can AED be used on a person lying in the snow?
, How about if a patient has a hairy chest? - Answer-Yes, a person previously submerged
in water, you wipe the water from the chest and place AED pads as usual.
Yes, you can use an AED with a person lying in the snow - clear chest as usual.
For a hair chest, you can shave it or place the pads firmly on the chest
Are different size AED pads used on adults and children? - Answer-Yes, pediatric pads
are used on children age 8 and younger.
If no pediatric pads are available, then you can use adult pads but make sure the pads
do not touch.
You may also place one the front of the chest and one on the back.
You have a choking infant, what do you do? - Answer-Place infant on your forearm, with
head lower than the chest and Using your palm give 5 back slaps between the scapulas
and then flip infant around and give 5 chest thrusts. Then check infant's mouth to search
for object
IF at any point, the infant becomes unresponsive, then start CPr and call 911
Infant or Child with Decreased heart rate and not breathing with heart rate less than 60
beats per minute - Answer-Not sure of this answer:
If not breathing and pulse is less than 60 beats per minutes, start CPR
If heart rate is 60+ bpm and not breathing, rescue breaths should be 1 every 3-5
seconds
Where should you check for a pulse in adults and children?
Where should you check for a pulse in an infant? - Answer-Checking for a pulse in
adults and children at the carotid artery
Check at the brachial artery for infants
If you are doing 2 person rescue, when do you switch?
How does it change the compression to breath ratio? - Answer-Every 2 minutes switch
when you are doing 2 person rescue
In adults, you keep same ratio 30:2 (compression: breath)
In children and infants, ratio changes to 15:2
What is purpose of head tilt and chin lift OR jaw thrust? - Answer-This is the CAB - A
part of the cycle = airway
Head tilt and chin lift OR jaw thrust open up airways
Jaw thrust is used when neck injury may be involved
What is the purpose of maintaining blood flow? - Answer-To perfuse the brain and the
arteries
If you need to provide CPR and do NOT have a ventilation barrier, what should you do?
- Answer-Just give chest compressions and check after 30 compressions for pulse and
breathing
