BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS) TRAINING
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
When does a heart attack occur (what happens with the cardiology)? - Answer-A heart
attack occurs when a clot forms in a blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood to the
heart muscle. If the blocked vessel is not reopened quickly, the muscle normally
nourished by that vessel begins to die. A heart attack is a "clot" problem.
What happens after sudden cardiac arrest? - Answer-Within seconds, the person
becomes unresponsive and is not breathing or is only gasping. Death occurs within
minutes if the victim does not receive immediate lifesaving treatment.
What happens after a heart attack? - Answer-Signs of a heart attack may appear
immediately or last weeks or longer, and may include severe discomfort in the chest or
upper body, shortness of breath, cold sweats, and nausea/vomiting. Typically during a
heart attack, the heart continues to pump blood. The longer the person with a heart
attack goes without treatment, the greater the possible damage to the heart muscle.
Occasionally the damaged heart muscle triggers an abnormal rhythm that can lead to
sudden cardiac arrest.
What are the symptoms of a heart attack in women? - Answer-Can be similar to those
occurring in men but women may be more likely to experience pain in the jaw, arms,
back, or neck as well as light-headedness and nausea/vomiting
What are the links in the IHCA? - Answer-1. Prevention and treatment of pre-arrest
conditions
2. Recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of emergency response team
3. High quality CPR
4. Rapid defibrillation
5. Multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care
What are the links in the OHCA? - Answer-1. Recognition of cardiac arrest and
activation of emergency response team
2. High quality CPR
4. Rapid defibrillation with AED
5. Advanced life support
6. Multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care
How do you locate the carotid pulse? - Answer-1. Locate the trachea on the side closest
to you, using 2-3 fingers
2. Slide fingers into the groove between the trachea and the muscles at the side of the
neck, where you can feel the pulse
, 3. Feel for a pulse for at least 5 but no more than 10 seconds. If you do not definitely
feel a pulse, begin CPR starting with chest compressions
What do you do when a patient is non responsive, is breathing abnormally or not at all
but they do have a pulse? - Answer-Provide rescue breathing. Confirm that the
emergency response system has been activate. Continue rescue breathing and check
pulse about every 2 minutes. Be ready to perform high quality CPR if you do not feel a
pulse. If opioid use is suspected, consider naloxone if available.
What is good chest compression technique? - Answer-1. Position yourself at the victim's
side
2. Make sure the victim is lying face up on a firm flat surface
3. Position your hands and body to perform compressions. Put the heel of one hand in
the center of the victim's chest, on the lower half of the breastbone (sternum). Put the
heel of your other hand on top of the first hand
4. Straighten your arms and position your shoulders directly over your hands.
5. Give compressions at a rate of 100-120/min
6. Press down at least two inches
7. Allow chest to completely recoil after each compression
Two methods for opening a victim's airway for rescue breaths are? - Answer-head tilt-
chin-lift and jaw thrust
What are the steps for a head tilt chin lift? - Answer-1. Place one hand on the victim's
forehead and push with your palm to tilt the head back
2. Place the fingers of the other hand under the bony part of the lower jaw near the chin
3. Lift the jaw to bring the chin forward
What are the steps for a jaw thrust maneuver? - Answer-1. Place one hand on each
side of the victim's head. You may rest your elbows on the surface on which the victim
is lying
2. Place your fingers under the angles of the victim's lower jaw and lift with both hands,
displacing the jaw forward
3. If the lips close, push the lower lip with your thumb to open the lips
What are the steps for using a pocket mask? - Answer-1. Position yourself at the
victim's side
2. Place the pocket mask on the victim's face, using the bridge of the nose as a guide
for correct positioning
3. Seal the pocket mask against the face. Using your hand that is closer to the top of the
victim's head, place the index finger and thumb along the edge of the mask. Place the
thumb of your other hand along the edge of the mask
4. Place the remaining fingers of your second hand along the bony margin of the jaw
and lift the jaw. Perform a head tilt chin lift to open airway
5. While you lift the jaw, press firmly and completely around the outside edge of the
mask to seal the pocket mask against the face
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS
When does a heart attack occur (what happens with the cardiology)? - Answer-A heart
attack occurs when a clot forms in a blood vessel carrying oxygenated blood to the
heart muscle. If the blocked vessel is not reopened quickly, the muscle normally
nourished by that vessel begins to die. A heart attack is a "clot" problem.
What happens after sudden cardiac arrest? - Answer-Within seconds, the person
becomes unresponsive and is not breathing or is only gasping. Death occurs within
minutes if the victim does not receive immediate lifesaving treatment.
What happens after a heart attack? - Answer-Signs of a heart attack may appear
immediately or last weeks or longer, and may include severe discomfort in the chest or
upper body, shortness of breath, cold sweats, and nausea/vomiting. Typically during a
heart attack, the heart continues to pump blood. The longer the person with a heart
attack goes without treatment, the greater the possible damage to the heart muscle.
Occasionally the damaged heart muscle triggers an abnormal rhythm that can lead to
sudden cardiac arrest.
What are the symptoms of a heart attack in women? - Answer-Can be similar to those
occurring in men but women may be more likely to experience pain in the jaw, arms,
back, or neck as well as light-headedness and nausea/vomiting
What are the links in the IHCA? - Answer-1. Prevention and treatment of pre-arrest
conditions
2. Recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of emergency response team
3. High quality CPR
4. Rapid defibrillation
5. Multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care
What are the links in the OHCA? - Answer-1. Recognition of cardiac arrest and
activation of emergency response team
2. High quality CPR
4. Rapid defibrillation with AED
5. Advanced life support
6. Multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care
How do you locate the carotid pulse? - Answer-1. Locate the trachea on the side closest
to you, using 2-3 fingers
2. Slide fingers into the groove between the trachea and the muscles at the side of the
neck, where you can feel the pulse
, 3. Feel for a pulse for at least 5 but no more than 10 seconds. If you do not definitely
feel a pulse, begin CPR starting with chest compressions
What do you do when a patient is non responsive, is breathing abnormally or not at all
but they do have a pulse? - Answer-Provide rescue breathing. Confirm that the
emergency response system has been activate. Continue rescue breathing and check
pulse about every 2 minutes. Be ready to perform high quality CPR if you do not feel a
pulse. If opioid use is suspected, consider naloxone if available.
What is good chest compression technique? - Answer-1. Position yourself at the victim's
side
2. Make sure the victim is lying face up on a firm flat surface
3. Position your hands and body to perform compressions. Put the heel of one hand in
the center of the victim's chest, on the lower half of the breastbone (sternum). Put the
heel of your other hand on top of the first hand
4. Straighten your arms and position your shoulders directly over your hands.
5. Give compressions at a rate of 100-120/min
6. Press down at least two inches
7. Allow chest to completely recoil after each compression
Two methods for opening a victim's airway for rescue breaths are? - Answer-head tilt-
chin-lift and jaw thrust
What are the steps for a head tilt chin lift? - Answer-1. Place one hand on the victim's
forehead and push with your palm to tilt the head back
2. Place the fingers of the other hand under the bony part of the lower jaw near the chin
3. Lift the jaw to bring the chin forward
What are the steps for a jaw thrust maneuver? - Answer-1. Place one hand on each
side of the victim's head. You may rest your elbows on the surface on which the victim
is lying
2. Place your fingers under the angles of the victim's lower jaw and lift with both hands,
displacing the jaw forward
3. If the lips close, push the lower lip with your thumb to open the lips
What are the steps for using a pocket mask? - Answer-1. Position yourself at the
victim's side
2. Place the pocket mask on the victim's face, using the bridge of the nose as a guide
for correct positioning
3. Seal the pocket mask against the face. Using your hand that is closer to the top of the
victim's head, place the index finger and thumb along the edge of the mask. Place the
thumb of your other hand along the edge of the mask
4. Place the remaining fingers of your second hand along the bony margin of the jaw
and lift the jaw. Perform a head tilt chin lift to open airway
5. While you lift the jaw, press firmly and completely around the outside edge of the
mask to seal the pocket mask against the face
