PUBLIC SPEAKING EXAM AND
ANSWERS
precipitates self-discovery, builds confidence, trigger self-discovery, create self-
expression; grow professionally; gives you a voice in influencing the direction of
college/community/society, opportunities to let others know issues you care about -
Answer-What are the benefits of public speaking?
1. source, receiver, message, channel, noise, feedback, and situational & cultural
contexts
2. Public speaking is a circle of give-and-take between presenter and audience. The
communication process is a circle of give-and-take too. - Answer-1. What are the
components of the communication process?
2. How do they relate to public speaking?
failure, the unknown, evaluation, being the center of attention, difference, imposed by
culture - Answer-What are the reasons-fears-for public speaking?
process anxiety and performance anxiety - Answer-What are the two types of public
speaking anxiety (PSA)?
40 to 80 percent - Answer-About what percent of all speakers are affected by PSA?
tense/relax (tense your neck/shoulders, count to 10, and relax), and strike a pose (stand
tall, lean slightly forward, open your limbs expansively, stake out a broad surface with
your hands) - Answer-What are the suggestions that were covered to help reduce PSA?
You increase your skill level by learning how to prepare and deliver speeches, and you
become consciously competent and aware of your competence. - Answer-How can
skills training make you a better public speaker?
By converting it into positive energy, you learn to fear anxiety less, and you learn to like
public speaking more. - Answer-How can anxiety help you perform more effectively?
- Answer-Which clip did we watch in class related to PSA?
the belief that one's culture is better than others - Answer-What is ethnocentricity?
communication - Answer-a process that involves the attempted sharing of information;
the means by which people generate meaning
source - Answer-the message originator
reciever - Answer-the recipient of a message; a party to communication
,messages - Answer-the content of communication; can be verbal and nonverbal; words
and visuals we use to express our ideas and feelings, sound of our voices, and our
body language
channels - Answer-a pathway or media through which a message passes
auditory channel - Answer-carries our spoken words
vocal channel - Answer-carries cues such as rate, quality, volume, and pitch of speech
visual channel - Answer-carries our gestures, facial expressions, and postural cues
noise - Answer-anything that interferes with the ability to send or receive a message;
does not need to be sound
situational/cultural context - Answer-the setting for communication; the communication
environment
feedback - Answer-information received in response to a sent message
effects of communication - Answer-Communication outcomes
field of experience - Answer-the sum of all experiences; the attitudes, values, and
lessons one brings to a situation
public speaking anxiety - Answer-a variant of communication anxiety, made up of
process and performance anxiety; affects 40 to 80 percent of all speakers
process anxiety - Answer-fear of preparing a speech
performance anxiety - Answer-a variant of communication anxiety; fear of presenting a
speech
ethnocentricity - Answer-the belief that one's culture is better than others
self-talk - Answer-internal communication; intrapersonal communication
thought stopping - Answer-a technique designed to control speech anxiety; an example
of cognitive restructuring
cognitive restructuring - Answer-a technique designed to redirect thinking away from
body sensations and irrational beliefs to beliefs that promote growth
centering - Answer-The directing of thoughts internally via a deep or centering breath
, centering breath - Answer-A deep breath followed by a strong exhalation
What is cultural diversity? - Answer-the recognition and valuing of difference
Why is understanding cultural diversity important to public speaking? - Answer-We
reduce the chances of alienating members of the audience and increase the chances of
eliciting the audience in response we seek.
What are cultures? - Answer-the system of knowledge, beliefs, values, attitudes,
behavior, and artifacts that the members of a society learn, accept, and use in daily life
What is the difference between a co-culture and a marginalized group? - Answer-Co-
cultures are composed of members of the same general culture who differ in some
ethnic or sociological way from the parent culture. A marginalized group is a group
whose members feel like outsiders.
What is free speech? - Answer-the right to free expression of opinion and ideas
What is the difference between low- and high-context communication? - Answer-Low-
context communication is communication that is direct and addresses issues head-on.
High-context communication is communication that avoids confrontation;
communication that relies on indirect messages.
What is cultural identity? - Answer-the internalization of culturally appropriate beliefs,
values, and roles acquired through interacting with members of a cultural group; a
product of group membership
What are ethics? - Answer-an exploration of how values distinguish actions; a society's
notions about the rightness and wrongness of behavior
What do audiences expect of speakers in terms of ethics? - Answer-share only what
you know to be true, respect the audience, prepare fully, put the audience first, be easy
to understand, don't turn words into weapons, don't spin, respect difference, and hold
yourself accountable
What do speakers expect of audiences? - Answer-give all ideas a fair hearing and be
courteous, attentive, and react honestly
What is plagiarism? - Answer-the deliberate or accidental claiming of another's words or
ideas as one's own
What are some repercussions of plagiarism (as discussed in class)? - Answer-
How can you avoid plagiarism? - Answer-attribute the source of every piece of evidence
you cite, indicate whether you are quoting or paraphrasing a statement, and use/credit a
variety of sources
ANSWERS
precipitates self-discovery, builds confidence, trigger self-discovery, create self-
expression; grow professionally; gives you a voice in influencing the direction of
college/community/society, opportunities to let others know issues you care about -
Answer-What are the benefits of public speaking?
1. source, receiver, message, channel, noise, feedback, and situational & cultural
contexts
2. Public speaking is a circle of give-and-take between presenter and audience. The
communication process is a circle of give-and-take too. - Answer-1. What are the
components of the communication process?
2. How do they relate to public speaking?
failure, the unknown, evaluation, being the center of attention, difference, imposed by
culture - Answer-What are the reasons-fears-for public speaking?
process anxiety and performance anxiety - Answer-What are the two types of public
speaking anxiety (PSA)?
40 to 80 percent - Answer-About what percent of all speakers are affected by PSA?
tense/relax (tense your neck/shoulders, count to 10, and relax), and strike a pose (stand
tall, lean slightly forward, open your limbs expansively, stake out a broad surface with
your hands) - Answer-What are the suggestions that were covered to help reduce PSA?
You increase your skill level by learning how to prepare and deliver speeches, and you
become consciously competent and aware of your competence. - Answer-How can
skills training make you a better public speaker?
By converting it into positive energy, you learn to fear anxiety less, and you learn to like
public speaking more. - Answer-How can anxiety help you perform more effectively?
- Answer-Which clip did we watch in class related to PSA?
the belief that one's culture is better than others - Answer-What is ethnocentricity?
communication - Answer-a process that involves the attempted sharing of information;
the means by which people generate meaning
source - Answer-the message originator
reciever - Answer-the recipient of a message; a party to communication
,messages - Answer-the content of communication; can be verbal and nonverbal; words
and visuals we use to express our ideas and feelings, sound of our voices, and our
body language
channels - Answer-a pathway or media through which a message passes
auditory channel - Answer-carries our spoken words
vocal channel - Answer-carries cues such as rate, quality, volume, and pitch of speech
visual channel - Answer-carries our gestures, facial expressions, and postural cues
noise - Answer-anything that interferes with the ability to send or receive a message;
does not need to be sound
situational/cultural context - Answer-the setting for communication; the communication
environment
feedback - Answer-information received in response to a sent message
effects of communication - Answer-Communication outcomes
field of experience - Answer-the sum of all experiences; the attitudes, values, and
lessons one brings to a situation
public speaking anxiety - Answer-a variant of communication anxiety, made up of
process and performance anxiety; affects 40 to 80 percent of all speakers
process anxiety - Answer-fear of preparing a speech
performance anxiety - Answer-a variant of communication anxiety; fear of presenting a
speech
ethnocentricity - Answer-the belief that one's culture is better than others
self-talk - Answer-internal communication; intrapersonal communication
thought stopping - Answer-a technique designed to control speech anxiety; an example
of cognitive restructuring
cognitive restructuring - Answer-a technique designed to redirect thinking away from
body sensations and irrational beliefs to beliefs that promote growth
centering - Answer-The directing of thoughts internally via a deep or centering breath
, centering breath - Answer-A deep breath followed by a strong exhalation
What is cultural diversity? - Answer-the recognition and valuing of difference
Why is understanding cultural diversity important to public speaking? - Answer-We
reduce the chances of alienating members of the audience and increase the chances of
eliciting the audience in response we seek.
What are cultures? - Answer-the system of knowledge, beliefs, values, attitudes,
behavior, and artifacts that the members of a society learn, accept, and use in daily life
What is the difference between a co-culture and a marginalized group? - Answer-Co-
cultures are composed of members of the same general culture who differ in some
ethnic or sociological way from the parent culture. A marginalized group is a group
whose members feel like outsiders.
What is free speech? - Answer-the right to free expression of opinion and ideas
What is the difference between low- and high-context communication? - Answer-Low-
context communication is communication that is direct and addresses issues head-on.
High-context communication is communication that avoids confrontation;
communication that relies on indirect messages.
What is cultural identity? - Answer-the internalization of culturally appropriate beliefs,
values, and roles acquired through interacting with members of a cultural group; a
product of group membership
What are ethics? - Answer-an exploration of how values distinguish actions; a society's
notions about the rightness and wrongness of behavior
What do audiences expect of speakers in terms of ethics? - Answer-share only what
you know to be true, respect the audience, prepare fully, put the audience first, be easy
to understand, don't turn words into weapons, don't spin, respect difference, and hold
yourself accountable
What do speakers expect of audiences? - Answer-give all ideas a fair hearing and be
courteous, attentive, and react honestly
What is plagiarism? - Answer-the deliberate or accidental claiming of another's words or
ideas as one's own
What are some repercussions of plagiarism (as discussed in class)? - Answer-
How can you avoid plagiarism? - Answer-attribute the source of every piece of evidence
you cite, indicate whether you are quoting or paraphrasing a statement, and use/credit a
variety of sources
