West Coast EMT Block 4 Study Guide| Questions
and Complete Answers| Verified 100% Correct|
Newest 2025
What is the purpose of a headrest? What can it prevent? - ✔✔Reduces rearward
motion of the head in an accident
Decreases risk of whiplash-type injuries
What are arteries? - ✔✔Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
What are arterioles? - ✔✔small arteries
What are capillaries? - ✔✔Microscopic, one cell-thick vessels that connect arterioles
and venules
What are venules? - ✔✔small veins
What are veins? - ✔✔Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
What happens after soft tissue has been damaged? -
✔✔Clotting>Inflammation>Tissue Growth>Tissue Remodeling
How long organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion - ✔✔Brain-<3 minutes
Kidney/Liver- 15-20 minutes
,Skeletal muscle- 60-90 minutes
Vascular Smooth Muscle- 1-3 Days
MOI for falls Adults and Children - ✔✔Adults-20 feet or more is considered traumatic
Children-10 feet or double their height is considered traumatic
Fall on heels, low back pain—energy transferred from ground to low back
Fall on legs, femoral fracture—energy transferred from ground to legs, fracturing femur
How can the body better sustain hypoperfusion? - ✔✔The colder a body is the longer
it will tolerate hypoperfusion
When would infants start showing S&S of hypovolemic shock? (*hint what is their total
blood volume, and what is the least amount of blood they could lose before showing
S&S of shock?) - ✔✔Total blood volume-27 oz/800 mL
Total blood volume loss tolerated- 3-6oz/100-200 mL
How successful a person is able to compensate for blood loss is related to what in
particular? - ✔✔How fast they're bleeding
Signs and symptoms of intra abdominal bleeding - ✔✔brushing , discoloration,
abdominal distention , swelling , guarding
What are the signs and symptoms of a GI bleed? - ✔✔Hematemesis, melena,
hypotension, tachycardia and other signs of hypovolemic shock.
Early and late signs of a non-traumatic GI bleed - ✔✔Melena
, Hematemesis
Nausea
Vomiting
Fever
Septic shock
How do we control external bleeds? - ✔✔Direct pressure
Sterile dressing
-moist if applied to evisceration
Elevation
Tourniquet if needed
Rule of 9's adults - ✔✔Each arm= 9%, Anterior leg=9%, Posterior leg=9% Head=9%,
Back=18% Chest=18%, Perineum=1%
Rule of 9's in children - ✔✔Head 18%, each arm 9%, chest 18%, back 18%, each leg
14%
first degree burn - ✔✔A mild burn characterized by heat, pain, and reddening of the
burned surface but not exhibiting blistering or charring of tissues.
second degree burn - ✔✔A burn marked by pain, blistering, and superficial
destruction of dermis with edema and hyperemia of the tissues beneath the burn.
A partial-thickness burn involving the epidermis and the dermis.
and Complete Answers| Verified 100% Correct|
Newest 2025
What is the purpose of a headrest? What can it prevent? - ✔✔Reduces rearward
motion of the head in an accident
Decreases risk of whiplash-type injuries
What are arteries? - ✔✔Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
What are arterioles? - ✔✔small arteries
What are capillaries? - ✔✔Microscopic, one cell-thick vessels that connect arterioles
and venules
What are venules? - ✔✔small veins
What are veins? - ✔✔Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart
What happens after soft tissue has been damaged? -
✔✔Clotting>Inflammation>Tissue Growth>Tissue Remodeling
How long organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion - ✔✔Brain-<3 minutes
Kidney/Liver- 15-20 minutes
,Skeletal muscle- 60-90 minutes
Vascular Smooth Muscle- 1-3 Days
MOI for falls Adults and Children - ✔✔Adults-20 feet or more is considered traumatic
Children-10 feet or double their height is considered traumatic
Fall on heels, low back pain—energy transferred from ground to low back
Fall on legs, femoral fracture—energy transferred from ground to legs, fracturing femur
How can the body better sustain hypoperfusion? - ✔✔The colder a body is the longer
it will tolerate hypoperfusion
When would infants start showing S&S of hypovolemic shock? (*hint what is their total
blood volume, and what is the least amount of blood they could lose before showing
S&S of shock?) - ✔✔Total blood volume-27 oz/800 mL
Total blood volume loss tolerated- 3-6oz/100-200 mL
How successful a person is able to compensate for blood loss is related to what in
particular? - ✔✔How fast they're bleeding
Signs and symptoms of intra abdominal bleeding - ✔✔brushing , discoloration,
abdominal distention , swelling , guarding
What are the signs and symptoms of a GI bleed? - ✔✔Hematemesis, melena,
hypotension, tachycardia and other signs of hypovolemic shock.
Early and late signs of a non-traumatic GI bleed - ✔✔Melena
, Hematemesis
Nausea
Vomiting
Fever
Septic shock
How do we control external bleeds? - ✔✔Direct pressure
Sterile dressing
-moist if applied to evisceration
Elevation
Tourniquet if needed
Rule of 9's adults - ✔✔Each arm= 9%, Anterior leg=9%, Posterior leg=9% Head=9%,
Back=18% Chest=18%, Perineum=1%
Rule of 9's in children - ✔✔Head 18%, each arm 9%, chest 18%, back 18%, each leg
14%
first degree burn - ✔✔A mild burn characterized by heat, pain, and reddening of the
burned surface but not exhibiting blistering or charring of tissues.
second degree burn - ✔✔A burn marked by pain, blistering, and superficial
destruction of dermis with edema and hyperemia of the tissues beneath the burn.
A partial-thickness burn involving the epidermis and the dermis.
