EXSC 224 Final Exam Questions with
100% Correct Answers | Latest Update
Which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure
and continuous blood circulation? - ✔✔tunica media
Cardiac muscle cells are like skeletal muscle cells in that they have
________. - ✔✔I and A bands
The tricuspid valve is closed when the ventricle is in __________. -
✔✔systole
Fred's blood was determined to be AB positive. What does this mean? -
✔✔there are no antibodies to A, to B, or to Rh antigens in the plasma.
What is the average normal pH range of blood? - ✔✔7.35-7.45
What component of blood is responsible for the initiation of the blood
clotting process? - ✔✔platelets
The source of blood carried to capillaries in the myocardium would be the
________. - ✔✔coronary arteries
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,When are the atria and ventricles simultaneously in systole? - ✔✔They
aren't
If the vagal nerves to the heart were cut, the result would be that
_________. - ✔✔the heart rate would increase by about 25 beats per
minute.
Compared to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle ________. - ✔✔has no gap
junctions that allow it to act as a functional syncytium.
During periods of ventricular filling ___________. - ✔✔blood flows mostly
passively through the atria and the open AV valves into the ventricles.
Norepinephrine acts on the heart by _________. - ✔✔causing threshold to
be reached more quickly
Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the ________. - ✔✔left atrium
What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production? - ✔✔kidney
What is isovolumetric contraction? - ✔✔the short period during ventricular
systole when the ventricles are completely closed chambers.
85% of Americans carry the ______ Rh agglutinogen on their RBCs. -
✔✔D
A blood vessel that contains one-way valves is known as _____. - ✔✔a
vein
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and causing
an appearance of large pale cells called microcytes, is a characteristic of
___________. - ✔✔pernicious anemia
If we were able to artificially alter the membrane permeability of pacemaker
cells so that sodium influx is more rapid, ________. - ✔✔threshold is
reached more quickly and heart rate would increase.
Factors that aid venous return - ✔✔1. sympathetic nerve activity that
stimulates smooth muscle contraction in the venous walls and reduces
compliance
2. skeletal muscle pump, which squeezes veins during muscle contraction
3. pressure difference between the thoracic and abdom. cavities which
promotes the blood of venous blood back to the heart.
4. respiratory pump
The arteries that directly feed into the capillary beds are called ________. -
✔✔arterioles
Jenny was studying for EXSC 224 exam when a friend came up from
behind and startled her causing her heart rate to increase due to an
increase in sympathetic activity. the sympathetic nervous system increased
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, Jenny's heart rate primarily by _________. - ✔✔causing threshold to be
reached more quickly
An incompetent valve increases the stress on the heart because
___________. - ✔✔the valve leaks and a portion of the blood pumped
must be pumped twice.
During what phase of the cardiac cycle does intraventricular pressure rise
and the pulmonary valve is open? - ✔✔ventricular ejection
Site where blood pressure is lowest - ✔✔large veins
Site where exchanges of food and gases are made - ✔✔capillaries
Sites where resistance to blood flow is greater - ✔✔arterioles
Site that us the major determinant of peripheral resistance - ✔✔arterioles
Site where the blood pressure is greatest - ✔✔large arteries
List and define the three most important factors that affect stroke volume. -
✔✔1. Preload- the degree to which heart muscle cells are stretched before
they contract.
2. Contractility- contractile strength achieved at given muscle length.
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
100% Correct Answers | Latest Update
Which tunic of an artery is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure
and continuous blood circulation? - ✔✔tunica media
Cardiac muscle cells are like skeletal muscle cells in that they have
________. - ✔✔I and A bands
The tricuspid valve is closed when the ventricle is in __________. -
✔✔systole
Fred's blood was determined to be AB positive. What does this mean? -
✔✔there are no antibodies to A, to B, or to Rh antigens in the plasma.
What is the average normal pH range of blood? - ✔✔7.35-7.45
What component of blood is responsible for the initiation of the blood
clotting process? - ✔✔platelets
The source of blood carried to capillaries in the myocardium would be the
________. - ✔✔coronary arteries
1
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,When are the atria and ventricles simultaneously in systole? - ✔✔They
aren't
If the vagal nerves to the heart were cut, the result would be that
_________. - ✔✔the heart rate would increase by about 25 beats per
minute.
Compared to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle ________. - ✔✔has no gap
junctions that allow it to act as a functional syncytium.
During periods of ventricular filling ___________. - ✔✔blood flows mostly
passively through the atria and the open AV valves into the ventricles.
Norepinephrine acts on the heart by _________. - ✔✔causing threshold to
be reached more quickly
Blood within the pulmonary veins returns to the ________. - ✔✔left atrium
What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production? - ✔✔kidney
What is isovolumetric contraction? - ✔✔the short period during ventricular
systole when the ventricles are completely closed chambers.
85% of Americans carry the ______ Rh agglutinogen on their RBCs. -
✔✔D
A blood vessel that contains one-way valves is known as _____. - ✔✔a
vein
2
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
,A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and causing
an appearance of large pale cells called microcytes, is a characteristic of
___________. - ✔✔pernicious anemia
If we were able to artificially alter the membrane permeability of pacemaker
cells so that sodium influx is more rapid, ________. - ✔✔threshold is
reached more quickly and heart rate would increase.
Factors that aid venous return - ✔✔1. sympathetic nerve activity that
stimulates smooth muscle contraction in the venous walls and reduces
compliance
2. skeletal muscle pump, which squeezes veins during muscle contraction
3. pressure difference between the thoracic and abdom. cavities which
promotes the blood of venous blood back to the heart.
4. respiratory pump
The arteries that directly feed into the capillary beds are called ________. -
✔✔arterioles
Jenny was studying for EXSC 224 exam when a friend came up from
behind and startled her causing her heart rate to increase due to an
increase in sympathetic activity. the sympathetic nervous system increased
3
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
, Jenny's heart rate primarily by _________. - ✔✔causing threshold to be
reached more quickly
An incompetent valve increases the stress on the heart because
___________. - ✔✔the valve leaks and a portion of the blood pumped
must be pumped twice.
During what phase of the cardiac cycle does intraventricular pressure rise
and the pulmonary valve is open? - ✔✔ventricular ejection
Site where blood pressure is lowest - ✔✔large veins
Site where exchanges of food and gases are made - ✔✔capillaries
Sites where resistance to blood flow is greater - ✔✔arterioles
Site that us the major determinant of peripheral resistance - ✔✔arterioles
Site where the blood pressure is greatest - ✔✔large arteries
List and define the three most important factors that affect stroke volume. -
✔✔1. Preload- the degree to which heart muscle cells are stretched before
they contract.
2. Contractility- contractile strength achieved at given muscle length.
4
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.
