ATI Proctored Pharmacology exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

ATI Proctored Pharmacology exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass Anticholinergic effects - dry mouth constipation photophobia blurred vision Tachycardia Fluphenazine (what is it, how does it work) - high potency typical antipsychotic Block dopamine (D2), acetylcholine, histamine, and norepinephrine receptors in the brain and periphery. Inhibition of psychotic manifestations, believed to be a result of D2 blockade in the brain. A nurse is providing teaching with a client, who has schizophrenia, about strategies to minimize the anticholinergic effects of fluphenazine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse suggest for the client? - Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth. When taking action, the nurse should instruct the client who is taking fluphenazine and is experiencing anticholinergic effects to chew sugarless gum. This instruction would provide moisture to the client's mouth and decrease the severity of dry mouth which is an anticholinergic adverse effect. 2 | P a g e Author: Katelyn Whitman. ©2025, All Rights Reserved. Gentamicin - Gentamicin is a narrow-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic prescribed to treat serious infections caused by aerobic bacilli Complications of Gentamicin - Gentamicin can injure cells of the proximal renal tubules. Naproxen and other NSAIDs can cause renal insufficiency. The glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys decreases with advanced age, making this client at increased risk for nephrotoxicity. What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient taking Gentamicin? - BUN Blood creatinine Peak and trough levels of gentamicin Specific gravity of urine Urinalysis BUN - blood urea nitrogen Nursing actions for a client taking gentamicin - Monitor intake and output. Notify the provider of low urinary output. Ensure that the client is adequately hydrated and monitor for fluid overload. Assess for manifestations of ototoxicity. A nurse is preparing a client's medications. The nurse is responsible for gaining and maintaining knowledge about which of the following medication information? - Adverse Effects Mechanism of Action Contraindications 3 | P a g e Author: Katelyn Whitman. ©2025, All Rights Reserved. Use knowledge of the therapeutic effect and common adverse effects of medications to compare expected outcomes with actual findings total parenteral nutrition (TPN) - nutrient-complete solution given directly into bloodstream when person cannot eat by mouth A nurse is preparing to complete an incident report for a medication error. What information (4 things) should the nurse include in the report? - Time of the incident who was notified of the incident actions taken following the incident client identification Adverse effects of oxybutynin - Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, eyes,) blurred vision Hypotension peripheral edema QT interval prolongation adverse effects of fentanyl patches - Respiratory Depression Hypotension Constipation Nausea or Vomiting 4 | P a g e Author: Katelyn Whitman. ©2025, All Rights Reserved. Clients who use fentanyl patches will likely need to take what on a daily basis? - Take a stool softener on a daily basis. Constipation is an adverse effect of opioid use and stool softeners can decrease the severity Adverse effects of haloperidol - extrapyrimidal symptoms extrapyramidal symptoms - involuntary fine motor tremors, rigidity, uncontrollable retlessness, dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia When using dopamine to treat heart failure, what are signs to watch indicating the medication is effective - Dopamine is an adrenergic that causes a receptor specificity effect, which increases cardiac output and improves perfusion. You might notice increased urine output as well Adverse effects of Hydrochlorothiazide - Dizziness, vertigo, orthostatic hypotension, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, polyuria, nocturia, muscle cramps, or spasms. (think: LOWERS BP) A nurse is preparing to administer hydrochlorothiazide to a client actions should the nurse take prior to administering this medication - HCTZ is a thiazide diuretic administered to promote urine output and reduce blood pressure and edema. The nurse should obtain the client's blood pressure prior to administration of the medication. What is sucralfate? - Forms protective coat over ulcers, causes constipation is Zolpidem designed for long or short term use? - short term Zolpidem adverse effects - Drowsiness, headache, dizziness, complex sleep-related behavior, amnesia What is Zolpidem primarily used to treat - insomnia Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) - Clinical name for Opioid addiction 5 | P a g e Author: Katelyn Whitman. ©2025, All Rights Reserved. What drug is administered as a treatment for opioid use disorder - administer methadone for treatment of opioid use disorder. Methadone can be administered for withdrawal and to assist with maintenance and suppressive therapy. Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome - Adverse reaction to antipsychotics with severe "lead pipe" rigidty, FEVER, and mental status changes What is ciprofloxacin? - Also known as Cipro, this is an antibacterial drug used to treat a wide spectrum of bacterial diseases, including anthrax and UTI. contraindications of ciprofloxacin - hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or any quinolone, concurrent therapy with tizanidine Why is tendonitis a contraindication for taking ciprofloxacin? - Tendonitis is inflammation of a tendon, the tissue that connects muscles to bones. Taking ciprofloxacin can increase the risk of developing tendonitis because it can affect the structure and integrity of tendons, making them more prone to injury and inflammation. (tendon rupture) filgrastim - Used with neutropenia to increase production