NSC 260 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2025

NSC 260 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2025

Metabolicksyndromek(MS)kiskdefinedkbykthekclusteringkofkspecifickmetabolickdisorderskinkoneksubject.kMSkis
khighlykprevalentkgloballykandkiskcurrentlykconsideredkakgrowingkpublickhealthkconcern.kMSkcompriseskobes

ity,khypertension,kdyslipidemia,kandkinsulinkresistance.kMechanismsklinkingkMSkwithkcancerkarekpoorlykund
erstood,kandkitkiskaskyetkunknownkifkMSkconferskakgreaterkriskkthankthekriskkentailedkbykeachkofkitskseparatek
components.kThekmainkobjectivekofkthiskstudykisktokcomparekthekassociationkbetweenkMSkandk14ksite-
specifickcancerkagainstkthekassociationkbetweenkonekorktwokindividualkcomponentskofkMSkandkcancer.kThek
secondarykobjectivekisktokevaluatekthektimekelapsedksincekthekdiagnosiskofkMSkandktheksubsequentkonsetko
fkcancerkwithinkthek2006-
2017kperiodkbyksex.kAkstudykwillkbekconductedkforkthekmainkobjective,kandkakcohortkofkpatientskwithkMSkwil
lkbekfollowedkforkthekevaluationkofktheksecondkobjective.kIncidentkck-kcorrectkanswer-StudykProtocol



Youkarekreadingkaboutkakclinicalkweightklosskstudykwherekthekparticipantskinkthekexperimentalkgroupklostk2.
3kpoundskafterk6kmonthskofkintervention(p=.04).kWhatkiskankappropriatekreactionktokthesekresults?•k

Thatkalthoughkthekresultskarekstatisticallyksignificant,ktheykareknotkclinicallysignificant•k

Thatkalthoughkthekresultskarekclinicallyksignificant,ktheykareknotkstatisticallysignificant•k

Thatkthekresultskarekstatisticallyksignificant,ksokthiskinterventionkshouldkbekwidelykimplementedktokdecreas
ekobesitykrates•k

Thatkthiskiskaknullkstudykbecausekthekresultskarekneitherkstatisticallyknorkclinicallyksignificantk-
kcorrectkanswer-Thatkalthoughkthekresultskarekstatisticallyksignificant,ktheykareknotkclinicallyksignificant•




Whichkofkthekfollowingkrepresentskankin-textkcitationkinkAMAkstyle?•k

Curcuminkiskthekmajorkbioactivekcompoundkinkturmerick(1).•k

Curcuminkiskthekmajorkbioactivekcompoundkinkturmerick(Sanchez,ketkal.).•

Curcuminkiskthekmajorkbioactivekcompoundkinkturmeric1.•k(superscript)
k



Curcuminkiskthekmajorkbioactivekcompoundkinkturmeric.1k(subscript)k-kcorrectkanswer-
Curcuminkiskthekmajorkbioactivekcompoundkinkturmeric1.•k(superscript)



Iskthekabstractkbelowkandkexamplekofkprimarykorksecondarykresearch?kIfksecondary,kexplainkhowkyoukknowk
this.kIfkprimary,kwhatkiskthekresearchkdesign?kExplainkwhykyoukidentifiedkthatkparticularkresearchkdesign.•kR
-(+)-limonenek(d-
limonene)kiskakcommonlykusedkflavorkadditivekinkfood,kbeverageskandkfragranceskforkitskpleasantklemon-

, likekodor.kConsideringkitskincreasingkapplications,kit'sknecessaryktokunderstandkthektoxicologicalkeffectskand
kriskkassociatedkwithkitskuse.kR-(+)-

limonenekiskrapidlykabsorbedkinkexperimentalkanimalskandkhumankbeingskfollowingkoralkadministration.kInk
humans,kitkgetskdistributedktokliver,kkidney,kandkblood,kresultingkinkthekformationkofkmetabolitesklikekperilli
ckacid,kdihydroperillickacid,klimonene-1,8-diol,kandklimonene-
1,2kdiol.kImportantktoxickeffectskprimarilykreportedkinkrodentskarekseverekhyalinekdropletknephrotoxicityk(o
nlykinkmalekratskduektokspecifickproteinkα2u-globulin;khowever,kthik-kcorrectkanswer-LiteraturekReview



Iskthekabstractkbelowkankexamplekofkprimarykorksecondarykresearch?kIfksecondary,kexplainkhowkyoukknowkt
his.kIfkprimary,kwhatkiskthekresearchkdesign?kExplainkwhykyoukidentifiedkthatkparticularkresearchkdesign.•kT
hekaimkofkthiskstudykwasktokexplorekthekassociationkbetweenkMSkandkvitaminkDklevels,kaskwellkaskEpstein-
Barrvirusk(EBV)kseropositivitykandksmokingkhistorykinkakColombiankpopulation.kWekmeasuredkvitaminkDklev
elskandkantibodyktiterskandkadministeredkakquestionnairektokassesskdietarykhabits,ksmoking,ksecond-
handksmokingkandkdurationkofksmoking,ksunlightkexposure,kphysicalkactivity,kandkpersonalkandkfamilykhisto
rykinkindividualskwithkandkwithoutkmultipleksclerosiskduringkadolescence.kAkmultivariableklogistickregressio
nkmodelkwaskthenkperformedktokexplorekthekassociationkbetweenkvitaminkDkstatuskandkMS.kAktotalkofk87kin
dividualskwithkMS(meankagek40.9kyears;k65.52%kfemales)kandk87kwithoutkMSk(meankagek55kyears;k65.5k-
kcorrectkanswer-Case-Control




Mikaylakiskakgraduatekstudentkinknutritionalksciences.kShekhadkpreviouslykbeenworkingkonkankanimalkexperi
mentkinvestigatingkthekeffectskofklargekdosekcapsaicinsupplementation.kHowever,kherkresearchkwaskhaltedk
duektokCOVID-
19kandkshekhadktoworkkonkaknewkprojectkwithkherkmentor.kTheykhavekdecidedktoksearchkforkallkclinicaltrialsk
thatklookkintokcapsaicinksupplementationkandkweightkloss.kOncektheykhavecollectedkallkthekpertinentkarticl
es,ktheykwillkcompilekthekinformationkintokaknarrativethatkdescribeskthekfieldkupktokthiskpointkinktime.kBeca
usekthiskwillkbekpartkofkMikayla'sthesiskwork,kherkmentorkiskalsokaskingkherktokrunknewkstatisticalkanalysesko
nkthepooledkdatakfromkthekarticlesktheykselected.kRegardlesskofkwhatktheykfind,kMikaylaandkherkmentorkpl
anktokpublishkthiskarticle.•kCankthiskbekdescribedkasksecondarykresearch?kWhykorkwhyknot?•k

Cankthiskbekdescribedkaskakreview?kWhykorkwhyknot?•kCankthiskbekdescribedkaskakmk-kcorrectkanswer-
Yes,kYes,kYes



Whenkputtingktogetherkakreferenceklistkatkthekendkofkakpaper,khowkdokyoukdecidekthekorder?•k

Bykappearancekinkthekpaper:kthekfirstkstudykcitedkisklistedkfirst,kandksokon•k

Alphabeticallykbykthektitlekofkthekarticle•

Alphabeticallykbykfirstkauthorklastkname•k
k



Bykdatekofkpublication,kstartingkwithkthekoldestk-kcorrectkanswer-
Bykappearancekinkthekpaper:kthekfirstkstudykcitedkisklistedkfirst,kandksokon•