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Samenvatting 24-25 Hematologie 3 deel 3 : hemostase

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Samenvatting vak hematologie deel 3 : hemostase Gegeven in 3de jaar MLT

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HEMATOLOGIE 3:
DEEL 3 : HEMOSTASE
Lector. Flies Reinoud


Academiejaar
2024 - 2025

,IN HOUD

1. Inleiding / herhaling vorig jaar.............................................................................................................................. 2

1.1 Primaire hemostase........................................................................................................................................ 3

1.2 Secundaire hemostase.................................................................................................................................... 4

1.3 Trombofilie ..................................................................................................................................................... 5

1.4 Anticoagulatie................................................................................................................................................. 5

2. Stollingsziekten ..................................................................................................................................................... 6

2.1 Verworven stollingsziekten ............................................................................................................................ 6

2.2 Erfelijke stollingsziekten ................................................................................................................................. 6

3. Trombopenie – Trombocytose ............................................................................................................................. 9

3.1 Trombopenie .................................................................................................................................................. 9

3.2 Trombocytose............................................................................................................................................... 10

4. Trombocytopathie .............................................................................................................................................. 11

5. Diffuse Intravasale Stolling (DIC) ........................................................................................................................ 12

6. Trombofilie - Trombosen .................................................................................................................................... 13

6.1 Inleiding ........................................................................................................................................................ 13

6.2 Risicofactoren ............................................................................................................................................... 13

6.3 Kliniek ........................................................................................................................................................... 14

6.4 Oorzaken....................................................................................................................................................... 14

7. Laboratorium ...................................................................................................................................................... 18

7.1 Pre-analytische variabele ............................................................................................................................. 18

7.2 Hemostasetesten van primaire hemostase.................................................................................................. 18

8. Hemostase therapiemonitoring ......................................................................................................................... 20

8.1 Orale anticoagulantia (OAC) ......................................................................................................................... 20

8.2 Nieuwe orale anticoagulantia (NAOC).......................................................................................................... 20

8.3 Directe Trombine Inhibitor (DTI) .................................................................................................................. 20

8.4 Anti-aggregantia ........................................................................................................................................... 20




1
Moons N / Vermeulen A

, 1. IN LEIDING / HE RHALIN G VORIG JAAR

Primair
Secundair




Fibrinolyse


Primaire hemostase
Samenspel tussen bloedplaatjes en vaatwand
→ m.b.v. VWF (=Von Willebrandt factor)

Stoornissen in de primaire hemostase leiden tot
• Trombopenie of trombastenie
• Gedaald gehalte VWF of slecht functionerend
• Vooral mucosale bloedingen en huidbloedingen

Secundaire hemostase
• Omvorming fibrinogeen → fibrine
• Belang van verschillende stollingsfactoren die elkaar activeren in een soort cascade
• Voornaamste vertegenwoordiger: weefselfactor
• Vorming van ‘stolsel’
• Daling van 1 van de stollingsfactoren leidt tot vooral inwendige bloedingen (bv. Hemofilie)

Fibrinolyse
Proces waarbij stolsel gedeeltelijk afgebroken wordt door plasmine en de vaatwand hersteld wordt
→ zorgt voor tegengewicht van het stollingsproces dat op die manier op tijd wordt gestopt

Inhibitoren
Inhibitoren dienen in heel het proces van stolling als een soort evenwicht
• Primaire
→ inhibitie van de plaatjesaggregatie
• Secundaire
→ Plasma-eiwitten die inhiberend werken op bepaalde stappen in coagulatie van sec hemostase
• Fibrinolyse
→ Antiplasmine, PAI




2
Moons N / Vermeulen A
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