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AUT 101-CHAPTER 3 QUESTION AND KEY TERMS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
1. Describe Newton's first law of motion and give an application of this law in Automotive Technology. -
ANSWER ✔✔-Newton's first law of motion states that an object at rest tends to remain at rest and object
in motion tends to remain in motion. When a car is parked on a level street, it remains stationary unless it
is driven or pushed.
2. In what four states does matter exist? Cite examples of each. - ANSWER ✔✔-The four states of matter
are solid, liquid, gas and plasma. The atoms in a solid are tightly bound to each other, either in a regular
geometric lattice (crystalline solids, which include metals and ordinary ice) or irregularly (an amorphous
solid such as common window glass). A liquid, like a gas, displays the properties of a fluid. A liquid can
flow, assume the shape of a container, and, if placed in a sealed container, will distribute applied pressure
evenly to every surface in the container. Water is a good example of a liquid. Gas may be made up of
individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g.
oxygen), or compound molecules made from a variety of atoms (e.g. carbon dioxide). A plasma can be
created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or
microwave generator. The sun is an example of plasma.
3. Explain Newton's second law of motion and give an example of how this law is used in automotive
theory. - ANSWER ✔✔-Newton's second law of motion states that when a force acts on an object, the
motion of the object, the motion of the object will change. Trucks have a greater mass than cars. Because
of the large mass requires larger force to produce a given acceleration, a truck needs a more powerful
engine than a car.
Created by Katelyn Whitman © 2025, All Rights Reserved.
, 2|Page
4. Describe five different forms of energy. - ANSWER ✔✔-Chemical, Thermal, Electrical, Mechanical and
Radiant
5. Describe four different types of energy conversion. - ANSWER ✔✔-Chemical to Thermal, Chemical to
Electrical, Electrical to Mechanical and Thermal to Mechanical.
6. Explain why a rotating, tilted wheel moves in the direction of the tilt. - ANSWER ✔✔-Because the
centerline of the wheel is in the direction of the tilt the wheel will move in relation to it.
7. Why are gases and liquids considered fluids? - ANSWER ✔✔-Because the characteristic of fluids is that
they will conform to the shape of the container just like gases and liquids.
8. Describe how out-of-balance forces can affect the automobile. - ANSWER ✔✔-Improper balance can
cause premature wear or destruction of parts such as the uneven wear on tire if not correctly balanced.
9. Describe the effect of pressure on an enclosed volume of a gas. - ANSWER ✔✔-The pressure of a gas in
a volume increase or decrease in relationship to its temperature. Increasing the temperature of the gas
will increase its pressure.
10. The nucleus of an atom contains _________ and _________. - ANSWER ✔✔-protons, neutrons
11. Which of the following is the correct formula used to calculate engine displacement? - ANSWER ✔✔-
Displacement=π x R2 x L x N
12. Work is calculated by multiplying _________ by __________. - ANSWER ✔✔-Force, Distance
13. Energy may be defined as the ability to do _________. - ANSWER ✔✔-work
14. Name three types of simple machines. - ANSWER ✔✔-Inclined plane, pulleys and levels
15. When one object is moved over another object, the resistance to motion is called ___________. -
ANSWER ✔✔-friction
Created by Katelyn Whitman © 2025, All Rights Reserved.
AUT 101-CHAPTER 3 QUESTION AND KEY TERMS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
1. Describe Newton's first law of motion and give an application of this law in Automotive Technology. -
ANSWER ✔✔-Newton's first law of motion states that an object at rest tends to remain at rest and object
in motion tends to remain in motion. When a car is parked on a level street, it remains stationary unless it
is driven or pushed.
2. In what four states does matter exist? Cite examples of each. - ANSWER ✔✔-The four states of matter
are solid, liquid, gas and plasma. The atoms in a solid are tightly bound to each other, either in a regular
geometric lattice (crystalline solids, which include metals and ordinary ice) or irregularly (an amorphous
solid such as common window glass). A liquid, like a gas, displays the properties of a fluid. A liquid can
flow, assume the shape of a container, and, if placed in a sealed container, will distribute applied pressure
evenly to every surface in the container. Water is a good example of a liquid. Gas may be made up of
individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g.
oxygen), or compound molecules made from a variety of atoms (e.g. carbon dioxide). A plasma can be
created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or
microwave generator. The sun is an example of plasma.
3. Explain Newton's second law of motion and give an example of how this law is used in automotive
theory. - ANSWER ✔✔-Newton's second law of motion states that when a force acts on an object, the
motion of the object, the motion of the object will change. Trucks have a greater mass than cars. Because
of the large mass requires larger force to produce a given acceleration, a truck needs a more powerful
engine than a car.
Created by Katelyn Whitman © 2025, All Rights Reserved.
, 2|Page
4. Describe five different forms of energy. - ANSWER ✔✔-Chemical, Thermal, Electrical, Mechanical and
Radiant
5. Describe four different types of energy conversion. - ANSWER ✔✔-Chemical to Thermal, Chemical to
Electrical, Electrical to Mechanical and Thermal to Mechanical.
6. Explain why a rotating, tilted wheel moves in the direction of the tilt. - ANSWER ✔✔-Because the
centerline of the wheel is in the direction of the tilt the wheel will move in relation to it.
7. Why are gases and liquids considered fluids? - ANSWER ✔✔-Because the characteristic of fluids is that
they will conform to the shape of the container just like gases and liquids.
8. Describe how out-of-balance forces can affect the automobile. - ANSWER ✔✔-Improper balance can
cause premature wear or destruction of parts such as the uneven wear on tire if not correctly balanced.
9. Describe the effect of pressure on an enclosed volume of a gas. - ANSWER ✔✔-The pressure of a gas in
a volume increase or decrease in relationship to its temperature. Increasing the temperature of the gas
will increase its pressure.
10. The nucleus of an atom contains _________ and _________. - ANSWER ✔✔-protons, neutrons
11. Which of the following is the correct formula used to calculate engine displacement? - ANSWER ✔✔-
Displacement=π x R2 x L x N
12. Work is calculated by multiplying _________ by __________. - ANSWER ✔✔-Force, Distance
13. Energy may be defined as the ability to do _________. - ANSWER ✔✔-work
14. Name three types of simple machines. - ANSWER ✔✔-Inclined plane, pulleys and levels
15. When one object is moved over another object, the resistance to motion is called ___________. -
ANSWER ✔✔-friction
Created by Katelyn Whitman © 2025, All Rights Reserved.
