NUR 1213 Med Surg Proctored - Proctor exam practice HCI College

NUR 1213 Med Surg Proctored - Proctor exam practice HCI College Acid-Base Balance (6) ATI module AMS, chapter 45 interpreting ABG results (3) (AMS 45)(MEDSURGPG 295) ● pH: 7.35 - 7.45 ● HCO3: 22 - 26 (metabolic) ● PCO2:35-45 ( Respiratory) ● PO2: 80- 100% ● if the pH and the HCO3 are in the same direction = metabolic (bicarb, both, -bolic) ● If the pH and the HCO3 are in the opposite direction = respiratory As the pH goes up/down, the patient goes the same direction; except for potassium (it goes the opposite direction of the pH) pH goes up (alkalosis) everything goes up ● (hyper, tachy, increased, elevated) wild & crazy ● irritability, hyperreflexia 3+ and 4+ ● tachypnea, tachycardia, borborygmic (hyperactive bowel sounds) seizure, spasms, tremors, hypertension ● hyperventilation, diarrhea, tetany (hypercontractility) ● Except potassium goes down pH goes down (acidosis) everything goes down ● (hypo, brady, decreased, suppressed) hyporeflexia, ● lethargy, decreased, suppressed ● bradycardia, constipation, decreased bowel sounds hun ● paralytic ileus, coma, flaccidity ● Except potassium goes up Risk factors for respiratory acidosis (MED SURG Pg 294 ) Risk factors ● Hypoventilation (Increased CO2, Increased or normal H+ concentration) ● retaining CO2 ● COPD, pneumonia, hypoventilation, collapsed lung, abdominal or chest surgery preventing patients from taking deep breaths, respiratory depression or respiratory muscle paralysis. ● Respiratory depression from opioids, poisons, anesthetics ● Clients who have brain tumors, cerebral aneurysm, stroke or overhydration trauma, or neurologic diseases (myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre'( immune system attacks nerves) when respiratory effort is affected). ● Inadequate chest expansion due to muscle weakness, pneumothorax/hemothorax, flail chest, obesity, sleep apnea, tumors, or deformities. ● Airway obstruction that occurs from neck edema, or localized lymph node ● enlargement, foreign bodies or mucus