BIOL 2213 EXAM 2 WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100% VERIFIED
membrane potential - ANSWER unequal distribution of charge across a membrane
negative - ANSWER the inside of the cell is more _____ compared to the outside
high - ANSWER the permeability of K+ is _____
permeability of K+, Na+/K+ pump, anions in cell - ANSWER 3 reasons the cell is more
negative on the inside
150, 5 - ANSWER the concentration of K+ in a normal cell is ___mM inside and ___mM
outside
-90 - ANSWER the equilibrium potential of K+ in the cell is ___mV
K+ - ANSWER resting membrane potential is closer to that of ___ equilibrium potential
Na+ - ANSWER dominant extracellular cation
K+ - ANSWER dominant intracellular cation
12, 145 - ANSWER the concentration of Na+ in a normal cell is ___mM inside and ___mM
outside
66 - ANSWER the equilibrium potential of Na+ is __mV
,Na+ - ANSWER the cell membrane is less permeable to ___
-70 - ANSWER neurons are usually at ___mV
nernst equation - ANSWER an equation used to calculate equilibrium potentials
concentration - ANSWER the nernst equation is based on _______ ratios
number of processes - ANSWER structural classes of neurons based on
direction of impulse - ANSWER functional classes of neurons based on
sensory neurons - ANSWER conduct impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS
motor neurons - ANSWER conduct impulses from the CNS to target organs, muscles or
glands
somatic motor neurons - ANSWER neurons responsible for reflexes and voluntary
control of skeletal muscles
autonomic motor neurons - ANSWER neurons that innervate involuntary targets such as
smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
autonomic ganglia - ANSWER cell bodies of autonomic neurons located outside the CNS
in
association/interneurons - ANSWER located completely within the CNS and integrate
functions of the nervous system
pseudounipolar neurons - ANSWER neurons that have a single short process that
branches like a T to form a pair of longer processes
, pseudounipolar - ANSWER sensory neurons are __________ neurons
bipolar neurons - ANSWER neurons that have two processes, one on either end; found
in retina of eye
multipolar neurons - ANSWER most common type of neuron, have many dendrites and a
single axon
multipolar - ANSWER motor neurons are ______ neurons
nerve - ANSWER bundle of axons located outside CNS that innervates particular body
region
ganglion - ANSWER bundle of neuron cell bodies in PNS
nucleus - ANSWER bundle of neuron cell bodies in CNS
glial cells - ANSWER cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect
neurons
half - ANSWER glial cells constitute about ___ of cells in CNS
mitosis - ANSWER glial cells can divide by _____ unlike neurons
microglia - ANSWER immune function; phagocytize foreign and degenerated material
ependymal cells - ANSWER regulate production of cerebrospinal fluid
oligodendrocytes - ANSWER insulate and cover axon, forming myelin in CNS
membrane potential - ANSWER unequal distribution of charge across a membrane
negative - ANSWER the inside of the cell is more _____ compared to the outside
high - ANSWER the permeability of K+ is _____
permeability of K+, Na+/K+ pump, anions in cell - ANSWER 3 reasons the cell is more
negative on the inside
150, 5 - ANSWER the concentration of K+ in a normal cell is ___mM inside and ___mM
outside
-90 - ANSWER the equilibrium potential of K+ in the cell is ___mV
K+ - ANSWER resting membrane potential is closer to that of ___ equilibrium potential
Na+ - ANSWER dominant extracellular cation
K+ - ANSWER dominant intracellular cation
12, 145 - ANSWER the concentration of Na+ in a normal cell is ___mM inside and ___mM
outside
66 - ANSWER the equilibrium potential of Na+ is __mV
,Na+ - ANSWER the cell membrane is less permeable to ___
-70 - ANSWER neurons are usually at ___mV
nernst equation - ANSWER an equation used to calculate equilibrium potentials
concentration - ANSWER the nernst equation is based on _______ ratios
number of processes - ANSWER structural classes of neurons based on
direction of impulse - ANSWER functional classes of neurons based on
sensory neurons - ANSWER conduct impulses from sensory receptors to the CNS
motor neurons - ANSWER conduct impulses from the CNS to target organs, muscles or
glands
somatic motor neurons - ANSWER neurons responsible for reflexes and voluntary
control of skeletal muscles
autonomic motor neurons - ANSWER neurons that innervate involuntary targets such as
smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
autonomic ganglia - ANSWER cell bodies of autonomic neurons located outside the CNS
in
association/interneurons - ANSWER located completely within the CNS and integrate
functions of the nervous system
pseudounipolar neurons - ANSWER neurons that have a single short process that
branches like a T to form a pair of longer processes
, pseudounipolar - ANSWER sensory neurons are __________ neurons
bipolar neurons - ANSWER neurons that have two processes, one on either end; found
in retina of eye
multipolar neurons - ANSWER most common type of neuron, have many dendrites and a
single axon
multipolar - ANSWER motor neurons are ______ neurons
nerve - ANSWER bundle of axons located outside CNS that innervates particular body
region
ganglion - ANSWER bundle of neuron cell bodies in PNS
nucleus - ANSWER bundle of neuron cell bodies in CNS
glial cells - ANSWER cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect
neurons
half - ANSWER glial cells constitute about ___ of cells in CNS
mitosis - ANSWER glial cells can divide by _____ unlike neurons
microglia - ANSWER immune function; phagocytize foreign and degenerated material
ependymal cells - ANSWER regulate production of cerebrospinal fluid
oligodendrocytes - ANSWER insulate and cover axon, forming myelin in CNS
