SPAUD 521 Midterm questions n correct answers

SPAUD 521 Midterm questions n correct
answers

extrinsic laryngeal muscle function - correct answer ✔✔Elevate the larynx within the vocal tract -
Suprahyoid extrinsic muscles

Laryngeal depression - Infrahyoid extrinsic muscles



suprahyoid muscles include - correct answer ✔✔digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, geniohyoid



suprahyoid muscle function - correct answer ✔✔elevate hyoid and larynx



Digastric - correct answer ✔✔Anterior belly pulls the hyoid forward and upward

Posterior belly pulls the hyoid back and upward



Mylohyoid - correct answer ✔✔elevate floor of mouth & tongue; depresses jaw if hyoid is stabilized



Stylohyoid - correct answer ✔✔pulls hyoid forward & back; fixes hyoid bone for infrahyoid action during
swallowing



Geniohyoid - correct answer ✔✔elevates hyoid; raises floor of mouth for swallowing; depresses
mandible if hyoid is stabilized



Infrahyoid muscle function - correct answer ✔✔depresses hyoid & larynx; jaw movement



Infrahyoid muscles include - correct answer ✔✔Sternohyoid

Sternothyroid

Omohyoid

Thyrohyoid

,Sternohyoid - correct answer ✔✔attaches hyoid bone to larynx; depresses hyoid bone and larynx



Sternothyroid - correct answer ✔✔depresses larynx



Omohyoid - correct answer ✔✔depresses and retracts hyoid bone & depresses larynx



thryohyoid - correct answer ✔✔moves hyoid bone closer to the larynx



intrinsic laryngeal muscle function - correct answer ✔✔movement of laryngeal cartilages & finer control
of layneal structures; regulate tension of vocal ligament & size/shape of glottal space



intrinsic laryngeal muscle innervation - correct answer ✔✔CN X (vagus)



Intrinsic laryngeal muscles include - correct answer ✔✔Thyroarytenoid muscle (TA)

Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA)

Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle (LCA)

Interarytenoid muscles (IA)

Cricothyroid muscle (CT)



Thyroarytenoid muscle (TA) - correct answer ✔✔shortens VFs

deepest layer of VF structure



2 sections:

1. thyrovocalis = more medial; tenses VFs

2. thyrmuscularis = more lateral; relaxes VFs



Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (PCA) - correct answer ✔✔abducts VFs by moving muscular process
medically & rotating vocal processes laterally

, Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle (LCA) - correct answer ✔✔adducts VFs by moving muscular process
posterolaterally & vocal process medially



Interarytenoid muscles (IA) - correct answer ✔✔obligue & transverse fibers; both fibers adduct VFs



Cricothyroid muscle (CT) - correct answer ✔✔changes pitch (thyroid pulled down, increases VF length &
tension)

Innvervated by superior laryngeal nerve of CN X



muscles of inspiration - correct answer ✔✔Diaphragm

External Intercostal Muscles

Accessory muscles



Diaphragm - correct answer ✔✔major muscle of inspiration; dome-shaped at rest; moves downward &
flattens during inspiration; plays a major role in breathing, as its contraction increases the volume of the
thorax and so inflates the lungs



innvervation = phrenic nerves



external intercostal muscles - correct answer ✔✔muscles between ribs

elevate & expand ribcage, decreasing pressure inside chest cavity

increases size of chest cavity to allow for inspiration



Accessory muscles of inspiration - correct answer ✔✔muscles in trunk & lower neck that can assist with
respiration (deep & rapid breathing)

e.g., sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles



muscles of expiration - correct answer ✔✔internal intercostals and abdominal muscles