SPAUD 508 FINAL questions and correct
answers passed
What is the goal of the complexity approach? - correct answer ✔✔System-wide phonological change to
improve intelligibility. Teaching complex sounds leads indirectly to learning of less complex sounds
Relationships between linguistic structures - correct answer ✔✔Larger set is aspects of adult sound
system that are not in the child's repertoire, and subset is the child's current sound system
Plasticity of phonological system - correct answer ✔✔Accelerated change from 4-6 years, plateau from
6-7 years, accelerated change from 7-8.5 years, final plateau after 8.5 years
Levels of complexity - correct answer ✔✔A: 1 nasal, 1 stop, and 1 glide
B: +voicing distinction among stop cognates
C: +1 fricative or affricate
D: +1 liquid
E: +distinction between liquids or stridents
Phonetic complexity - correct answer ✔✔Intervention at complexity level D for a level B child helped the
child learn 12 new phonemes: broader gains for children taught least-knowledge phonemes than greater
knowledge/accuracy and nonstimulable phonemes than stimulable phonemes
Phonemic complexity - correct answer ✔✔Minimal pair intervention comparing complexity of targets
(maximal vs minimal feature differences)
When was there most generalization during the complexity approach? - correct answer ✔✔When pairs
were new to the child, differed by major class, maximally contrasted
, Syllabic complexity - correct answer ✔✔Comparison of initial consonant clusters. Greatest gains with
initial clusters with small sonority differences (2 or 3), small gains with /s/ + stop clusters, targeting of 3
consonants efficacious
Primary populations for the complexity approach - correct answer ✔✔Ages 3-6 years, functional
phonological disorder
Secondary populations for the complexity approach - correct answer ✔✔<3 years, >6 years
Considerations for the complexity approach - correct answer ✔✔Typically for children who score >1 SD
below the mean on artic test, >= 6 sounds in error across positions
Complexity approach assessment and analysis - correct answer ✔✔Case history, intelligibility rating, oral
mech, standardized assessments of speech, language, and hearing, phonetic analysis, phonemic analysis,
syllabic analysis
Phonetic analysis - correct answer ✔✔Analyze phonetic analysis based on A-E scale, consistency of
errors, stimulability, recommended age of sound acquisition
Productive phonological knowledge - correct answer ✔✔Most: distinctions between minimal pairs and
accurate productions across word positions
Least: no distinctions between minimal pairs and 0% production accuracy across contexts
Emerging: inconsistent accuracy
Levels of sonority - correct answer ✔✔Glides
Liquids
Nasals
Voiced fricatives
Voiceless fricatives
Voiced stops
Voiceless stops
answers passed
What is the goal of the complexity approach? - correct answer ✔✔System-wide phonological change to
improve intelligibility. Teaching complex sounds leads indirectly to learning of less complex sounds
Relationships between linguistic structures - correct answer ✔✔Larger set is aspects of adult sound
system that are not in the child's repertoire, and subset is the child's current sound system
Plasticity of phonological system - correct answer ✔✔Accelerated change from 4-6 years, plateau from
6-7 years, accelerated change from 7-8.5 years, final plateau after 8.5 years
Levels of complexity - correct answer ✔✔A: 1 nasal, 1 stop, and 1 glide
B: +voicing distinction among stop cognates
C: +1 fricative or affricate
D: +1 liquid
E: +distinction between liquids or stridents
Phonetic complexity - correct answer ✔✔Intervention at complexity level D for a level B child helped the
child learn 12 new phonemes: broader gains for children taught least-knowledge phonemes than greater
knowledge/accuracy and nonstimulable phonemes than stimulable phonemes
Phonemic complexity - correct answer ✔✔Minimal pair intervention comparing complexity of targets
(maximal vs minimal feature differences)
When was there most generalization during the complexity approach? - correct answer ✔✔When pairs
were new to the child, differed by major class, maximally contrasted
, Syllabic complexity - correct answer ✔✔Comparison of initial consonant clusters. Greatest gains with
initial clusters with small sonority differences (2 or 3), small gains with /s/ + stop clusters, targeting of 3
consonants efficacious
Primary populations for the complexity approach - correct answer ✔✔Ages 3-6 years, functional
phonological disorder
Secondary populations for the complexity approach - correct answer ✔✔<3 years, >6 years
Considerations for the complexity approach - correct answer ✔✔Typically for children who score >1 SD
below the mean on artic test, >= 6 sounds in error across positions
Complexity approach assessment and analysis - correct answer ✔✔Case history, intelligibility rating, oral
mech, standardized assessments of speech, language, and hearing, phonetic analysis, phonemic analysis,
syllabic analysis
Phonetic analysis - correct answer ✔✔Analyze phonetic analysis based on A-E scale, consistency of
errors, stimulability, recommended age of sound acquisition
Productive phonological knowledge - correct answer ✔✔Most: distinctions between minimal pairs and
accurate productions across word positions
Least: no distinctions between minimal pairs and 0% production accuracy across contexts
Emerging: inconsistent accuracy
Levels of sonority - correct answer ✔✔Glides
Liquids
Nasals
Voiced fricatives
Voiceless fricatives
Voiced stops
Voiceless stops
