,Chapterw.01w.-
The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena
1. Allw.arew.distinctivew.propertiesw.ofw.livingw.systemsw.EXCEPT:
a. Livingw.organismsw.arew.relativelyw.simple.
b. Biologicalw.structuresw.playw.aw.rolew.inw.thew.organism'sw.existence.
c. Thew.livingw.statew.isw.characterizedw.byw.thew.floww.ofw.energyw.throughw.thew.organism.
d. Livingw.organismsw.arew.highlyw.organized.
e. Livingw.organismsw.arew.activelyw.engagedw.inw.energyw.transformation.
ANSWER: a
2. Evenw.thoughw.thew.buildingw.blocksw.havew.fairlyw.simplew.structures,w.macromoleculesw.arew.exquisitelyw.organizedw.i
nw.theirw.intricatew.three-dimensionalw.architecturew.knownw.as:
a. configuration.
b. conformation.
c. sequence.
d. Lewisw.structure.
e. structuralw.maturation.
ANSWER: b
3. Allw.ofw.thew.followingw.activitiesw.requirew.thew.presencew.ofw.ATPw.orw.NADPHw.EXCEPT:
a. osmoregulation.
b. biosynthesis.
c. movementw.ofw.muscles.
d. lightw.emission.
e. none,w.theyw.arew.allw.energy-requiringw.activities.
ANSWER: e
4. Whichw.arew.thew.fourw.mostw.commonw.elementsw.inw.thew.humanw.body?
a. hydrogen,w.calcium,w.oxygenw.andw.sodium
b. hydrogen,w.oxygen,w.ironw.andw.carbon
c. hydrogen,w.oxygen,w.carbonw.andw.nitrogen
d. oxygen,w.carbon,w.ironw.andw.nitrogen
e. oxygen,w.silicon,w.calciumw.andw.nitrogen
ANSWER: c
5. Whatw.makesw.carbonw.suchw.anw.abundantw.elementw.inw.biomolecules?
a. Itw.canw.formw.upw.tow.fivew.bondsw.byw.sharingw.itsw.electrons.
b. Itw.formsw.onlyw.singlew.bonds.
c. Itw.providesw.loww.bondw.energy.
d. Itw.formsw.stablew.covalentw.bondsw.byw.electronw.pairw.sharing.
e. Itw.doesw.notw.usuallyw.bondw.tow.otherw.carbons,w.allowingw.aw.morew.diversew.combinationw.ofw.elements.
ANSWER: d
6. Thew.majorw.precursorsw.forw.thew.formationw.ofw.biomoleculesw.includew.allw.EXCEPT:
a. nitratew.andw.dinitrogen.
b. water.
c. carbonw.dioxide.
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,Chapterw.01w.-
The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena
d. ammoniumw.ion.
e. none,w.allw.arew.majorw.precursors.
ANSWER: e
7. Fromw.thew.majorw.precursors,w.thew.complexw.biomoleculesw.arew.madew.inw.whichw.sequence?
a. metabolites,w.buildingw.blocks,w.macromolecules,w.supramolecularw.complexes
b. macromolecules,w.buildingw.blocks,w.metabolites,w.supramolecularw.complexes
c. buildingw.blocks,w.macromolecules,w.supramolecularw.complexes,w.metabolites
d. metabolites,w.macromolecules,w.buildingw.blocks,w.supramolecularw.complexes
e. metabolites,w.buildingw.blocks,w.supramolecularw.complexes,w.macromolecules
ANSWER: a
8. Thew.structuralw.integrityw.ofw.supramolecularw.complexesw.(assemblies)w.ofw.multiplew.componentsw.arew.bondedw.tow.eachw.ot
herw.byw.allw.ofw.thew.followingw.forcesw.EXCEPT:
a. covalentw.bonds
b. vanw.derw.Waalsw.forces
c. hydrogenw.bonds
d. hydrophobicw.interactions
e. ionicw.interactions
ANSWER: a
9. Organellesw.havew.whatw.threew.attributes?
a. Onlyw.inw.prokaryoticw.cells,w.membranew.bound,w.havew.aw.dedicatedw.setw.ofw.tasks.
b. Onlyw.inw.eukaryoticw.cells,w.membranew.bound,w.havew.aw.dedicatedw.setw.ofw.tasks.
c. Onlyw.inw.eukaryoticw.cells,w.seldomw.membranew.bound,w.havew.aw.dedicatedw.setw.ofw.tasks.
d. Onlyw.inw.prokaryoticw.cells,w.membranew.bound,w.multi-functional.
e. Inw.bothw.prokaryoticw.cellsw.andw.eukaryoticw.cells,w.membranew.bound,w.havew.aw.dedicatedw.setw.ofw.tasks.
ANSWER: b
10. Membranew.structuresw.arew.maintainedw.primarilyw.by:
a. hydrophobicw.interactions.
b. covalentw.bonds.
c. hydrogenw.bonds.
d. non-spontaneousw.assembly.
e. ionicw.interactions.
ANSWER: a
11. Allw.ofw.thew.followingw.arew.propertiesw.ofw.membranesw.EXCEPT:
a. supramolecularw.assemblies.
b. definew.boundariesw.ofw.cellularw.components.
c. spontaneousw.assembliesw.resultingw.fromw.hydrophobicw.interactions.
d. identicalw.proteinw.andw.lipidw.compositionw.inw.thew.majorw.organelles.
e. none,w.allw.arew.true.
ANSWER: d
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, Chapterw.01w.-
The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena
12. Whichw.ofw.thew.followingw.properlyw.ranksw.thew.non-covalentw.interactionsw.inw.orderw.ofw.increasingw.strength?
a. ionic,w.hydrogenw.bond,w.vanw.derw.Waals
b. vanw.derw.Waals,w.hydrogenw.bond,w.ionic
c. vanw.derw.Waals,w.ionic,w.hydrogenw.bond
d. hydrogenw.bond,w.vanw.derw.Waals,w.ionic
e. cannotw.bew.determinedw.sincew.ionicw.interactionsw.andw.hydrogenw.bondsw.oftenw.varyw.inw.strength
ANSWER: e
13. Weakw.forcesw.thatw.createw.constantlyw.formingw.andw.breakingw.interactionsw.atw.physiologicalw.temperatures,w.butw.cumula
tivelyw.impartw.stabilityw.tow.biologicalw.structuresw.generatedw.byw.theirw.collectivew.activityw.includew.allw.EXCEPT:
a. hydrogenw.bonds
b. vanw.derw.Waalsw.forces
c. covalentw.bonds
d. ionicw.interactions
e. hydrophobicw.interactions
ANSWER: c
14. Whichw.ofw.thew.followingw.isw.aw.truew.statementw.aboutw.non-covalentw.bonds?
a. Theyw.arew.allw.thew.resultw.ofw.electronw.sharing.
b. Hydrogenw.bonds,w.ionicw.bondw.andw.hydrophobicw.interactionsw.allw.carryw.aw.degreew.ofw.specificityw.whilew.v
anw.derw.Waalsw.interactionsw.arew.induced.
c. Allw.noncovalentw.bondsw.arew.formedw.betweenw.oppositelyw.chargedw.polarw.functions.
d. Vanw.derw.Waalsw.interactionsw.arew.notw.affectedw.byw.structuralw.complementarity,w.whilew.hydrogenw.bonds,w
.ionicw.bondsw.andw.hydrophobicw.interactionw.arew.affectedw.byw.structuralw.complementarity.
e. Hydrogen,w.vanw.derw.Waals,w.andw.hydrophobicw.interactionsw.dow.notw.formw.linearw.bonds.
ANSWER: b
15. Electrostaticw.forces
a. includew.ionicw.interactionsw.betweenw.negativelyw.chargedw.carboxylw.groupsw.andw.positivelyw.chargedw.aminow.groups.
b. averagew.aboutw.2w.kJ/molw.inw.aqueousw.solutions.
c. typicallyw.arew.directionalw.likew.hydrogenw.bonds.
d. requirew.aw.precisew.fitw.likew.vanw.derw.Waalsw.interactions.
e. includew.ionic,w.inducedw.dipolew.andw.permanentw.dipolew.interactions.
ANSWER: a
16. Allw.arew.truew.aboutw.hydrophobicw.interactionsw.EXCEPT:
a. Hydrophobicw.interactionsw.resultw.fromw.thew.strongw.tendencyw.ofw.waterw.tow.excludew.nonpolarw.groupsw.orw.molecules.
b. Hydrophobicw.interactionsw.resultw.becausew.waterw.moleculesw.preferw.thew.strongerw.interactionsw.thatw.theyw.share
w.withw.onew.another,w.comparedw.tow.theirw.interactionsw.withw.nonpolarw.molecules.
c. Hydrophobicw.interactionsw.resultw.fromw.hydrogenw.bondsw.betweenw.waterw.andw.thew.hydrophobicw.molecules.
d. Thew.preferentialw.interactionsw.betweenw.waterw.moleculesw."exclude"w.hydrophobicw.substancesw.fromw.aqu
eousw.solutionw.andw.drivew.thew.tendencyw.ofw.nonpolarw.moleculesw.tow.clusterw.together.
e. Hydrophobicw.interactionsw.resultw.inw.nonpolarw.regionsw.ofw.biologicalw.moleculesw.beingw.buriedw.inw.thew.mole
cule'sw.interiorw.tow.excludew.themw.fromw.thew.aqueousw.milieu.
ANSWER: c
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The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena
1. Allw.arew.distinctivew.propertiesw.ofw.livingw.systemsw.EXCEPT:
a. Livingw.organismsw.arew.relativelyw.simple.
b. Biologicalw.structuresw.playw.aw.rolew.inw.thew.organism'sw.existence.
c. Thew.livingw.statew.isw.characterizedw.byw.thew.floww.ofw.energyw.throughw.thew.organism.
d. Livingw.organismsw.arew.highlyw.organized.
e. Livingw.organismsw.arew.activelyw.engagedw.inw.energyw.transformation.
ANSWER: a
2. Evenw.thoughw.thew.buildingw.blocksw.havew.fairlyw.simplew.structures,w.macromoleculesw.arew.exquisitelyw.organizedw.i
nw.theirw.intricatew.three-dimensionalw.architecturew.knownw.as:
a. configuration.
b. conformation.
c. sequence.
d. Lewisw.structure.
e. structuralw.maturation.
ANSWER: b
3. Allw.ofw.thew.followingw.activitiesw.requirew.thew.presencew.ofw.ATPw.orw.NADPHw.EXCEPT:
a. osmoregulation.
b. biosynthesis.
c. movementw.ofw.muscles.
d. lightw.emission.
e. none,w.theyw.arew.allw.energy-requiringw.activities.
ANSWER: e
4. Whichw.arew.thew.fourw.mostw.commonw.elementsw.inw.thew.humanw.body?
a. hydrogen,w.calcium,w.oxygenw.andw.sodium
b. hydrogen,w.oxygen,w.ironw.andw.carbon
c. hydrogen,w.oxygen,w.carbonw.andw.nitrogen
d. oxygen,w.carbon,w.ironw.andw.nitrogen
e. oxygen,w.silicon,w.calciumw.andw.nitrogen
ANSWER: c
5. Whatw.makesw.carbonw.suchw.anw.abundantw.elementw.inw.biomolecules?
a. Itw.canw.formw.upw.tow.fivew.bondsw.byw.sharingw.itsw.electrons.
b. Itw.formsw.onlyw.singlew.bonds.
c. Itw.providesw.loww.bondw.energy.
d. Itw.formsw.stablew.covalentw.bondsw.byw.electronw.pairw.sharing.
e. Itw.doesw.notw.usuallyw.bondw.tow.otherw.carbons,w.allowingw.aw.morew.diversew.combinationw.ofw.elements.
ANSWER: d
6. Thew.majorw.precursorsw.forw.thew.formationw.ofw.biomoleculesw.includew.allw.EXCEPT:
a. nitratew.andw.dinitrogen.
b. water.
c. carbonw.dioxide.
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,Chapterw.01w.-
The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena
d. ammoniumw.ion.
e. none,w.allw.arew.majorw.precursors.
ANSWER: e
7. Fromw.thew.majorw.precursors,w.thew.complexw.biomoleculesw.arew.madew.inw.whichw.sequence?
a. metabolites,w.buildingw.blocks,w.macromolecules,w.supramolecularw.complexes
b. macromolecules,w.buildingw.blocks,w.metabolites,w.supramolecularw.complexes
c. buildingw.blocks,w.macromolecules,w.supramolecularw.complexes,w.metabolites
d. metabolites,w.macromolecules,w.buildingw.blocks,w.supramolecularw.complexes
e. metabolites,w.buildingw.blocks,w.supramolecularw.complexes,w.macromolecules
ANSWER: a
8. Thew.structuralw.integrityw.ofw.supramolecularw.complexesw.(assemblies)w.ofw.multiplew.componentsw.arew.bondedw.tow.eachw.ot
herw.byw.allw.ofw.thew.followingw.forcesw.EXCEPT:
a. covalentw.bonds
b. vanw.derw.Waalsw.forces
c. hydrogenw.bonds
d. hydrophobicw.interactions
e. ionicw.interactions
ANSWER: a
9. Organellesw.havew.whatw.threew.attributes?
a. Onlyw.inw.prokaryoticw.cells,w.membranew.bound,w.havew.aw.dedicatedw.setw.ofw.tasks.
b. Onlyw.inw.eukaryoticw.cells,w.membranew.bound,w.havew.aw.dedicatedw.setw.ofw.tasks.
c. Onlyw.inw.eukaryoticw.cells,w.seldomw.membranew.bound,w.havew.aw.dedicatedw.setw.ofw.tasks.
d. Onlyw.inw.prokaryoticw.cells,w.membranew.bound,w.multi-functional.
e. Inw.bothw.prokaryoticw.cellsw.andw.eukaryoticw.cells,w.membranew.bound,w.havew.aw.dedicatedw.setw.ofw.tasks.
ANSWER: b
10. Membranew.structuresw.arew.maintainedw.primarilyw.by:
a. hydrophobicw.interactions.
b. covalentw.bonds.
c. hydrogenw.bonds.
d. non-spontaneousw.assembly.
e. ionicw.interactions.
ANSWER: a
11. Allw.ofw.thew.followingw.arew.propertiesw.ofw.membranesw.EXCEPT:
a. supramolecularw.assemblies.
b. definew.boundariesw.ofw.cellularw.components.
c. spontaneousw.assembliesw.resultingw.fromw.hydrophobicw.interactions.
d. identicalw.proteinw.andw.lipidw.compositionw.inw.thew.majorw.organelles.
e. none,w.allw.arew.true.
ANSWER: d
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, Chapterw.01w.-
The Facts of Life: Chemistry Is the Logic of Biological Phenomena
12. Whichw.ofw.thew.followingw.properlyw.ranksw.thew.non-covalentw.interactionsw.inw.orderw.ofw.increasingw.strength?
a. ionic,w.hydrogenw.bond,w.vanw.derw.Waals
b. vanw.derw.Waals,w.hydrogenw.bond,w.ionic
c. vanw.derw.Waals,w.ionic,w.hydrogenw.bond
d. hydrogenw.bond,w.vanw.derw.Waals,w.ionic
e. cannotw.bew.determinedw.sincew.ionicw.interactionsw.andw.hydrogenw.bondsw.oftenw.varyw.inw.strength
ANSWER: e
13. Weakw.forcesw.thatw.createw.constantlyw.formingw.andw.breakingw.interactionsw.atw.physiologicalw.temperatures,w.butw.cumula
tivelyw.impartw.stabilityw.tow.biologicalw.structuresw.generatedw.byw.theirw.collectivew.activityw.includew.allw.EXCEPT:
a. hydrogenw.bonds
b. vanw.derw.Waalsw.forces
c. covalentw.bonds
d. ionicw.interactions
e. hydrophobicw.interactions
ANSWER: c
14. Whichw.ofw.thew.followingw.isw.aw.truew.statementw.aboutw.non-covalentw.bonds?
a. Theyw.arew.allw.thew.resultw.ofw.electronw.sharing.
b. Hydrogenw.bonds,w.ionicw.bondw.andw.hydrophobicw.interactionsw.allw.carryw.aw.degreew.ofw.specificityw.whilew.v
anw.derw.Waalsw.interactionsw.arew.induced.
c. Allw.noncovalentw.bondsw.arew.formedw.betweenw.oppositelyw.chargedw.polarw.functions.
d. Vanw.derw.Waalsw.interactionsw.arew.notw.affectedw.byw.structuralw.complementarity,w.whilew.hydrogenw.bonds,w
.ionicw.bondsw.andw.hydrophobicw.interactionw.arew.affectedw.byw.structuralw.complementarity.
e. Hydrogen,w.vanw.derw.Waals,w.andw.hydrophobicw.interactionsw.dow.notw.formw.linearw.bonds.
ANSWER: b
15. Electrostaticw.forces
a. includew.ionicw.interactionsw.betweenw.negativelyw.chargedw.carboxylw.groupsw.andw.positivelyw.chargedw.aminow.groups.
b. averagew.aboutw.2w.kJ/molw.inw.aqueousw.solutions.
c. typicallyw.arew.directionalw.likew.hydrogenw.bonds.
d. requirew.aw.precisew.fitw.likew.vanw.derw.Waalsw.interactions.
e. includew.ionic,w.inducedw.dipolew.andw.permanentw.dipolew.interactions.
ANSWER: a
16. Allw.arew.truew.aboutw.hydrophobicw.interactionsw.EXCEPT:
a. Hydrophobicw.interactionsw.resultw.fromw.thew.strongw.tendencyw.ofw.waterw.tow.excludew.nonpolarw.groupsw.orw.molecules.
b. Hydrophobicw.interactionsw.resultw.becausew.waterw.moleculesw.preferw.thew.strongerw.interactionsw.thatw.theyw.share
w.withw.onew.another,w.comparedw.tow.theirw.interactionsw.withw.nonpolarw.molecules.
c. Hydrophobicw.interactionsw.resultw.fromw.hydrogenw.bondsw.betweenw.waterw.andw.thew.hydrophobicw.molecules.
d. Thew.preferentialw.interactionsw.betweenw.waterw.moleculesw."exclude"w.hydrophobicw.substancesw.fromw.aqu
eousw.solutionw.andw.drivew.thew.tendencyw.ofw.nonpolarw.moleculesw.tow.clusterw.together.
e. Hydrophobicw.interactionsw.resultw.inw.nonpolarw.regionsw.ofw.biologicalw.moleculesw.beingw.buriedw.inw.thew.mole
cule'sw.interiorw.tow.excludew.themw.fromw.thew.aqueousw.milieu.
ANSWER: c
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